172 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[May, 
the main house. The width, 21 feet, adapts it to a 
25-foot village lot, leaving a side passage to the 
rear-Exterior, (figs. 1 and 2.)—The style 
of any building is determined by the form of its 
roof; the steep and hooded style in this design ac- 
Fig. 1.—END VIEW OE COTTAGE. 
cords fully with domestic feelings and artistic sen¬ 
timents—and is growing in public favor for subur¬ 
ban structures. Compared with the usual Mansard 
style is more practical, less expensive, and serves 
equally well. The side angles, porches, bay win¬ 
dow, cornices, and chimneys, each of simple con¬ 
struction, make up a pleasing variety of parts. All 
superfluous ornamentation is avoided. A too com¬ 
mon fault prevails in villages, and even in the coun¬ 
try, of building close up to the street lines. A 
clear depth of at least 20 feet in front should be de¬ 
voted to a flower garden, shrubbery and vines, for 
flowers are proper accessories of cottage adornment, 
and architectural ornamentation can never com¬ 
pensate for then - absence ... Cellar-, (fig. 3.)— 
Hight of ceiling 61 feet.—It extends under the front 
half of the building, giving an average area of 11 lx 
15 feet—quite sufficient for ordinary requirements.* 
It has two smali front windows. A good ventila¬ 
tion may be had through the chimney; openings in 
the rear foundation allow a circulation of air over 
the unexcavated portion — Eii-st Story, (fig. 
4.)—Hight of ceiling 9 feet, is divided into a hall, 
parlor, living-room, rear entry, and a closet. The 
hall, entered from the front porch, connects through 
doors with the parlor, living-room, and rear entry, 
and contains the main stairs. The parlor has a 
large bay window in the front, opposite to which 
is a marble shelf resting on stucco trusses. It 
communicates with the living-room and hall. The 
remaining wall spaces are unbroken, for furniture 
and wall ornaments. The living-room is a little 
larger than the parlor, has two windows, an open 
fireplace, a closet, and doors leading to the front 
Fig. 2.— SIDE VIEW OF COTTAGE. 
liall, parlor, and rear entry. The rear entry is under 
the platform of the main stairs—is divided from the 
front hall, and is to be used as the common en¬ 
trance. It has doors leading from the front hall, 
living-room, rear porch, and the cellar stairs. The 
parlor may be warmed by placing a radiator under 
the marble shelf, and passing the smoke-pipe from 
the living-room through it. The cost of such a ra¬ 
diator is $8-Second Story, (fig. 5.)—Hight 
of center ceilings 7 feet; hight of side breast-walls 
31 feet.** The stairs leading to this story are made 
with a platform, placed 3 risers below the upper 
landing, which allows for the required head-room. 
The divisions provide for four rooms, a hall, and 
two closets ; the large chamber has a double win¬ 
dow in front, a marble shelf on the chimney breast, 
and a closet; the hall bedroom is designed to be 
used in connection with the large chamber as a 
child’s room Construction.—The excava¬ 
tion for the cellar is made 4 feet deep, and for the 
rear foundation walls 1 foot. The loose earth is 
graded around the foundation at completion, leav¬ 
ing 11 feet of the foundation exposed to sight on 
the outside. The foundation walls are of broken 
stone, laid in common mortar, 16 inches thick, and 
neatly pointed where exposed to sight, and are gen¬ 
erally even with the framework on the outside. 
Provision is made for the cellar stairway, by extend¬ 
ing the adjoining walls beyond the inside of the 
frame to the hight of the ground, and finishing 
above with brickwork. The chimney is started 
with the cellar walls, and arranged with two con¬ 
tinuous flues to the top. Side openings are made 
under the cap by inserting 6-inch earthen thimbles 
on each side of the flues. The top courses of brick¬ 
work are laid across the entire chimney, making a 
Fig. 3.—PLAN OF CELLAB. 
solid and more lasting cap. Sheet-iron thimbles are 
put in the chimneys adjoining the parlor and front 
chamber. The framing, inclosing, flooring, etc., 
are done in a substantial manner, of materials indi¬ 
cated in the estimate below. Beams placed 2 feet 
apart from centers ; rafters and studding 16 inches 
apart. The cornice trusses are made of 2x4-inch 
timber, as shown on page 129, April American Agri¬ 
culturist, 1875, and the shingling and gutters on page 
173, of the May number, 1875. Sash li-inch thick, 
glazed with second quality of French sheet-glass, 
counter checked, and hung to iron balance-weights 
with good cord. Doors 4-paneled each, for the 
outside and rooms in the first story, and li inches 
thick; all others 11 inches thick, molded, with 
• We well remember a trite saying of our boyhood days 
on the farm, “Always build your cellar under the whole 
house.” Mr. Beed is studying to keep the expense low, 
but we would advise enlarging the cellar by omitting the 
wall X, and cither making the cellar “ under the whole 
house,” or at least back to Z, W. The expense would be 
but a trifle more, if any, while it would give a more 
spacious airy cellar, needed in a small house partly for 
storage. If stone were not very scarce, we would advise 
a clear hight of 7 feet_** We would also advise mak¬ 
ing the hight of the 2nd story r t% or 8 feet. The extra 
cost would be but a trifle—only for the side walls, the 
cost of ceiling and floor being the same. It will add 
materially to comfort and healthfnlness to have a foot 
more in hight, by affording more atmosphere.—E d. 
double faces. The main stairs has a 7-inch octagon 
newel, a 2ix4-inch molded rail, and 2-inch turned 
ballusters, all of black walnut. The side walls and 
ceilings of the two full stories are white sand fin¬ 
ished, on one coat of “laid off” brown mortar. 
This is the favorite mode of plastering through the 
Eastern States—while in the neighborhood of New 
York two coats of hrown mortar are usually ap¬ 
plied. Where one-coat work is properly done— 
more hair is mixed in the mortar, increasing its 
strength. The same quantity of mortar is used as 
for two coats; the advantages claimed for the 
“one-coat ” work are, a saving of one-third in la¬ 
bor, and obviating the delay for the additional coat 
to dry. All the wood-work usually painted, and 
the chimney-top, have two coats of best American 
lead and raw linseed-oil; for more extended re¬ 
marks on painting, see the American Agriculturist 
for June, 1875, page 212. 
Estimate of materials required—and total cost: 
58 yards excavation at 20 cents per yard.. .$11.60 
26 perches stone-work, complete, at $2.50... 65.00 
2000 bricks, furnished and laid, complete, at $12. 24.00 
360 yards plastering, complete, at 25 cents.. 90.00 
1694 feet of timber, at $16 per M... 27.10 
1 sill, 4x7 in. 26 feet long. 13 ties, 4x6 in. 15 feet long. 
3 sills, 4x7 in. 15 feet long. 1 plate, 4x6 in. 26 feet long. 
1 sill, 4x7 in. 23 feet long. 1 plate, 4x6 in. 23 feet long. 
8 posts, 4x7 in. 13 feet long. 14 beams, 3x7 in. 21 l'eet long. 
1 girt, 4x6 in. 15 feet long. 113 beams, 3x7 in. 15 feet long. 
20 ceiling strips, 1)4x5 in. 13 feet long. 
50 joists, 3x4 in. 13 feet long, at 16 cents each. 8.00 
200 wall strips, 2x4 in. 13 feet long, at 13 cents each. .. 26.00 
130 siding boards, at 23 cents each. 29.90 
160 shingling lath, at 6 cent9 eacli... 9.60 
40 bundles shingles, at $1.25........ 50.00 
12 spruce plank, at 20 cents. 2.40 
Materials in cornices, $14; stoops, complete, $20.. 34.00 
95 flooring, at 18 cents each. 17.10 
2 cellar windows, comnlete, at $3 each.. 6.00 
2 single windows, complete, at $12 eacli. 24.00 
3 double windows, complete, at $15 each. 45.00 
15 doors, complete, at $9 each.... 135.00 
Closets, shelving, and nails. 20.00 
Stirs, $50 ; bay window, complete, $50.. 100.00 
Tin, (gutters, valleys, and leaders). 11.00 
2 marble shelves, $10; painting, $80; carting, $15. 
Carpenter's labor, not included above.. 
Incidentals, sink, pump, etc. 
Total cost.....* *, 
... 105.00 
... 100.00 
... 59,80 
.IhmoS 
