[August, 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
1877.1 
A COMPLETE REVOLUTION I\ 
Mowing and Reaping Machinery. 
THE FINEST MECHANISM FOR DRIVING THE KNIFE EVER INVENTED. 
Noiseless, Durable, aiii Novel. 
This MOVEMENT possesses more 
strength and durability than any of the 
best systems of gearing heretofore in 
use for this purpose, and does away 
with nearly all the noise and friction 
common thereto; the direct results 
being extreme lightness of draft, and 
greatly increased cutting power. 
GOOD WORDS 
Of innumerable testimonials, containing unqualified endorsements ; we present only the following: 
“ The great merit of this movement is simplicity and efficiency.”— London (England) Field, Aug. 5th, 1876. 
“A man will never want but one of these machines, for it will last a life time."— Geo. W. Harrington, Plain- 
fAUe , Minnesota. 
“ The loss of power by the friction of mechanism is indeed very small; five seasons’ use showing hardly any 
wear.”— Polytechnic Review , Nov. 18, 1876. 
“ I have used a mower (with this movement) four seasons, and the extent of cash out for repairs has been sixty- 
two cents.."— E. F. Mayo, Warwick, Mass. 
“ This mechanical movement is almost incomprehensible, and yet the very essence of simplicity.”— Testimonial, 
signed by a committee of nine persons, at Ogdensburg, N. T., Sept., 1875. 
“ A most important, yet simple novelty in mechanics. The draft is remarkably light, because the absence of 
the usual gearing reduces the friction to a minimum. The work is so free from noise and clatter, that the machine, 
at work twenty feet away, is scarcely heard by an observer. Strength and durability are secured in the highest de¬ 
gree. We find (after a personal trial) that this peculiar movement works in a most satisfactory manner.”—Amer¬ 
ican Agriculturist for May, 1877. 
“With one of ‘ Whitely’s Champion Haymakers,’ having a four-foot six-inch cutting-bar. we last week cut a 
full acre in an hour with great ease. * * * To see a mower cutting grass almost silently, and without a gear or cog¬ 
wheel visible, was something wonderful, but this was done and done well. If strength and simplicity go with 
direct motion, and friction and heaviness of draft are lessened by the absence of gearing, then we have one mower 
which seems to surpass all the old favorites in these essentials."—New York Semi-Weekly Times, June 19th, 1877. 
The Demand for Reapers ami Mowers with lliis movement was so large, tliat. tlic supply 
for 1877 was entirely exhausted long before the close of the season. 
Preparations are NOW being made to manufacture machines, with this move¬ 
ment, at several central points, and in sufficient quantities to supply a reasonable de¬ 
mand for 1878. Blue notice of the location of manufactories will he given hereafter. 
—Machines will be on exhibition this foil at many of the 
County, District and State Fairs throughout the United States and 
British Provinces. 
O RANGE f UDD f| 
245 Broadway i New York! I 
Publishers of B Books on B 
Horticulture, M Architec ■ 
Sports, Horses, H Cattle, ■ ■ 
Swine, _■ Sheep, ■ I 
Catalogues freetoall'^#' 
lOMP’Y. 
City, 
Agriculture, 
A COPPER BULL-RING-, 
2)4 inches in diameter, of the 
most approved pattern, with 
screw-driver for putting it to¬ 
gether, will be sent, prepaid, on 
receipt of $1.00. Address 
ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, 245 Broadway, N. Y. 
Irrigation 
FOR THE 
Farm, Garden & Orchard. 
By HENRY STEWART, 
Civil and Mining Engineer , Member of the Civil Engineers' 
Club of the North-west , Associate Editor of the 
American Agriculturist. 
WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. 
A Trochar for Cattle-Men, 
In June of 1872 we gave illustrations of a Trochar and 
Cannula lo be used in ringing a bull, and on 
page 13 (January) and page 97 (March) of the 
American Agriculturist for 1873 (copies of 
which may he got from this office for 15 cents 
each) we described the use of this apparatus 
in relieving hoven in cattle. These ar¬ 
ticles have brought out a large demand for 
Trochais, and failing to find just the right 
kind, among, the makers of surgical imple¬ 
ments, we. have induced an establishment 
to undertake their manufacture. We give 
herewith a small, engraving of the Trochar. 
These articles are now in the trade, and 
may he had of most dealers in agricultural 
implements. Those who can not get them from dealers 
can receive them from this office, prepaid, for $1.00. 
ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, 245 Broadway, N. Y. 
CHAPTER I. The Necessity for Irrigation.—II. Im¬ 
portance of an Adequate Supply of Water.—III. Amount 
of Water Needed for Irrigation.—IV. Irrigation of Gar¬ 
dens. — Y. Preparation of the Surface.—YI. Irrigation by 
Pipes and Tiles. — VII. Irrigation with Liquid Manure. — 
VIII. Culture of Irrigated Garden Crops.—IX. Irrigation 
of Orchards and Vineyards.—X. Irrigation of Meadows. 
—XI. Use of Springs in Irrigation.—XII. Formation of 
Water Meadows. — XIII. Irrigation of Meadows and 
Pastures. — XIV. Drainage of Irrigated Fields. — XV. 
Management of Irrigated Fields. — XVI. Irrigation of 
Arable Lands.—XVII. Preparing the Surface for Irriga¬ 
tion.—XVIII. Supply of Water—Dams—Punips—Reser¬ 
voirs—Artesian Wells. -XIX. Canals and their Construc¬ 
tion.—XX. Reclamation of River Fiats, Salt Marshes and 
Submerged Lauds. 
• Price, post-paid, $1.50. 
ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, 
245 Broadway, New York. 
Economy in the Use of Fertilizers, 
Restore Your Wheat 
and Grass Lands. 
Mapes’ Grain & Grass Formulas. 
Prepared from PERUVIAN GUANO, or PURE, 
FINELY GROUND RAW-BONE, as preferred. By 
the selection of the proper grade of Peruvian Guano, and 
the addition of pure Dried Blood or Flesh, Potash 
Salts and Plaster, we are enabled to furnish the formujsl 
specially adapted to the culture of grain crops with or with¬ 
out rotation. No charge made for Ingredients, contained), 
excepting Ammonia—(17>^c. per lb.). Phos. Acid (9c. per 
lb.). Potash (7Xc. per lb.). 
A saving of five dollars per ton is gained by purchasing, in 
lots of two tons and upwards, the ingredients unmixed. A 
fanner thus becomes bis own manufacturer, and knows, 
what materials lie is using. No acid required. Auy laborer. 
can mix the ingredients. 
500 lbs. of tlie Grain and Grass Formula, costing, unmixedn 
less than' twelve dollars, contain all the Ammonia, Phos. 
Acid and Potash required, independent oi the natural re, 
sources of tlie soil, to produce 30 bushels of Wheat and 4,500 
lbs. Straw. 
Price per ton, mixed.$52.38 
“ “ “ unmixed.$47.28 
Apply from 200 lbs. to 600 lbs. per acre—in the drill or 
broadcast. 
Special Formulas for TURNIPS and all fall crops. jj| 
Send lor descriptive price-list, containing analyses of all 
grades Peruvian Guano — strictly Pure Bone — SuperphoK 
phates — Chemicals, etc. 
THE MAPES FORMULA AND PERUVIAN 
GUANO CO., 
158 Front. St., New York. 
“Eclipse” Victorious 
(See Centennial Judges report.* 
STRONGEST WIND¬ 
MILL MADE. 
,Tested 10 years. Thousands in use. 
A solid wheel without joints.* 
Produces 15 per cent more power., 
Wc build 13 sizes Mills 
for Pumping and Power purposes.! 
Send for Illustrated Circulars.M 
B. SALMON, Sec’y, Beloit, Wis 
Sole Manufacturer of 
WHEEL CHAIRS 
ONLY. ALL Styles ancl Sizes. 
For Invalids and Cripples. 
Easily propelled, in or out-doors, by any 
one having the use of hands. Send stamp 
for Illustrated Catalogue and prices " 
different styles. Designer and manuf. 
the •‘Rolling Chairs” used at.the Cen¬ 
tennial. HERBERT S. SMITH, 
32 Platt St., New York. 
Please mention, this paper. 
Premium Mangle. 
Guaranteed to perfectly per¬ 
form all work, either hand or 
power. Cold or Steam Heated 
Rolls cheap, durable, highly re¬ 
commended. 
For circulars apply 
STANDARD LAUNDRY MA¬ 
CHINE CO., 32 Dey St., New' 
York. 53 Long Wharf, Boston. 
SPRING STEEL TOOTH 
HORSE RAKES. 
Highest Award. Medal of Honor at the 
Centennial anil Vienna Exhibitions. 
THE CHAMPIONS OF THE WORLD. 
No Cogs or Ratchets, Easiest Hand or 
Horse Dumping. Purchasers prefer them 
to all others for Durability and Efficiency. 
Fully guaranteed; so no risk is incurred 
in ordering from us. Responsible Agents 
wanted, where we have none. 
Send Stamp for Catalogues of Rakes, 
Threshing Machines, &c. 
WHEELER &. MELICK CO., 
ALBANY, N. Y. 
ADVERTISING RATES. 
American Agriculturist. 
KAGLISH EDITION. 
Ordinary/ Pages. $1.00 per line ■ (agate), each insertion 
Last Page, and Third Cover Page, 81.35 per line. 
Second Cover /V7 <76—81.50 per line. 
Page next to Reading and Last Cover /V7<7e—83.00 per line. 
No advertisement taken lor less than $3.00 each insertion. 
OKlfcUIAN EDITION. 
Inside Pages. 15 cents per line, each insertion. 
Business Notices and Lust Pace. 35 cents ner line. 
No advertisement taken for less than $1.00 eacli insertion* 
ff^-No Advertisement of Medicines or Humbugs received. 
Address all orders to 
ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, 
245 Broadway, New York. 
