394 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[October, 
needed in surgery are kept; the operating room, stocks, 
and an apartment for post mortem examinations are also 
on this floor. On the second floor are a number of roomy 
box stalls, a dog kennel, the pharmacy or room for keep¬ 
ing and dispensing drugs, and the house surgeons apart¬ 
ments. On the third floor is the room where anatomical 
specimens are prepared and mounted, and chemical and 
microscopic examinations are made; and also the lecture 
Toom and museum. In the museum are a large variety of 
specimens, such as skeletons and preparations illustrating 
the normal muscular, nervous, and circulatory systems 
of animals, as well as abnormal specimens taken from 
diseased subjects. Owners of stock and intending 
students should become acquainted with this valuable in¬ 
stitution by paying it a visit. 
Fruit Humbugs.— “A. S. D.,” Mt. Ver¬ 
non, Ind., asks: “ Are not self-pruning grape vines, Utah 
Hybrid Cherries, and first class peaches that grow only 
from the pits, humbugs ? ”—The first and last are most 
decidedly humbugs too gross to deceive any one who 
knows anything about fruit. There is a cherry called 
“ Utah Hybrid,” which we have not fruited. Mr. P. J. 
Berckmans, than whom there is no better authority, 
says that while worthless as a fruit, it may be desirable 
as an ornamental shrub. Whether this is a humbug or 
not depends upon the representations made concerning it. 
Mr. Kinney’s l*«mltry Mouse is des¬ 
cribed in full on p. 373 of the present number, and a per¬ 
spective view of it is given there, while on the following 
page is a plan of the lower floor and the “ runs.” A plan 
■of the upper floor, which should have also been given, 
was accidentally omitted, and there is no other way of 
supplying the lack but to give it here, referring for a 
description of this plan to the article elsewhere. 
Norlli Carolina. — “J. D.,” Portland, 
■Conn. Mr. S. T. Kelsey, formerly of Kansas, now at 
Highlands, Macon Co., N. C., reports favorably of the 
country. Prom our own knowledge of that locality, 
which is in the mountains of the Blue Ridge, the climate 
is healthy, the water excellent, the soil rich, the tempera¬ 
ture cool, but markets are distant, money is scarce, and 
the lands consequently cheap. But then cheap lands are 
cheap because there are some inconveniences attached to 
them. You can not have cheap land that is good, and all 
the advantages of a thickly settled country together. Yet, 
by going to the Southern States in colonies, the incon¬ 
veniences which are at first felt will be soon overcome. 
Iron Hisli Cloth.—“ L. H. M.” We wrote 
according to address given. Letter is “Returned for 
better direction.”—Give proper address. 
I>iTiiuag'e of s* Cellar.—“ J. Y. A.,” 
Taunton, Mass. There is no way to free a cellar from 
moisture but to carry off the water by a drain that is at 
least one foot or more deeper than the cellar floor. To 
free the walls from dampness apply either of the meth¬ 
ods described in the American Agriculturist for August. 
r l'5ie IBest Grain Bbrlll,—“R. J. H.,” 
We cannot say that any one of the good drills is the 
best. There are always differences of taste which cause 
one person to prefer one machine before another. We 
cannot say that we know which is the best after having 
tried several. Any one of those referred to in our ad¬ 
vertising columns will be found excellent, and all have 
attachments for fertilizers. 
Economy of Culling Com.—“ H. Q. 
A.,” Beaufort Co., S. C., describes the Southern manner 
of harvesting corn as follows“ When the corn is glaz 
ed we‘pull fodder’ (strip the leaves). As soon as the 
corn is dry enough to shell, or keep in bulk, it is pulled 
from the stalk and thrown in 1 heap rows ’; the wagon 
passing between with hands on both sides to load 
the wagon ; it is then hauled home to the lot, thrown 
in a pile, shucked, the corn put in the crib, the 
shucks in pens, or houses prepared for them. Sometimes 
the corn is • slip shucked ’ on the stalk, or a great part 
of the shuck is left for the cattle. It seems to be a great 
deal heavier to cutand handle the corn stalk and fodder 
all at the same time, or are you compelled to cut the corn 
to prevent its being bitten by frost ? I want to know the 
best way and do it.”—In some parts of the Northern 
States the fodder is of almost as much value as the corn; 
it is therefore carefully harvested and saved. It is 
questionable if this plan would pay in the South, and 
yet as fodder is of increasing value there, we incline to 
the opinion that it would pay to save the whole fodder 
to cut up for feed in the winter; or at least to sow some 
fodder crop such as turnips, cabbage, or rape, among the 
corn at the last working and then feed it along with the 
standing fodder. What may be advisable in the North¬ 
ern States may not be so in the South. 
Awards at tlie Centennial.—“R. J. 
H.,” Bedford, Ohio. There were no first awards given 
at the Centennial; or it may be said, with equal truth, 
that all the awards were first ones, because there were no 
second ones. Each article exhibited was awarded some 
sort of a diploma or medal ; all claims that any exhibitor 
received a first award or any special honor over any com¬ 
petitor are misleading. 
Treatment of Fractures in Ani¬ 
mals.— W. C. Coleman, M. D., Latrobc, Pa., writes in 
regard to our remarks on his recent communication 
headed as above : “ I purpose doing away entirely with 
the. sling. That is the main point. The sling is close 
confinement like the fracture box for man. The 
“Plaster of Paris” dressing, as I recommend it, is 
intended to do away with the sling wholly ; and from 
more recent trials of the dressing, am quite sure my ideas 
are correct. The dressing must be so applied as not to 
interfere with bending the knee either be¬ 
hind or in front, and then no sling will be 
required, no matter how ‘nervous’ or vici¬ 
ous the animal may be.” [For small ani¬ 
mals the dressing is ample. But after all, 
slings cannot be dispensed with, when the 
patient is a large, heavy or unruly animal, 
that frets with the pain and irritation of the 
wound, and will tear the dressings with his 
teeth if permitted, and if prevented will 
paw and kick. The treatment must be ne¬ 
cessarily adapted to the character of the pa¬ 
tient; and in some cases it would not be 
safe to trust wholly to the dressings how¬ 
ever rigid they may be, as they would not prevent pressure 
or percussion of the fractured bones when the animal 
is restless or violent, and then recovery would be im¬ 
possible or very slow.—It is wise to use every precaution 
in surgery.— Ed.]. 
Meep Can Set ling - . — “ R. M.,” Kane Co., 
Utah. The Cooley System of setting milk promises bet¬ 
ter results than any other system of deep setting we have 
tried. It is described and illustrated on page 376. 
A Woman’s Success at Farming;.— 
The farm which has been awarded the first prize of the 
English Royal Agricultural Society the present year, is 
occupied and managed by a woman, the widow of the 
former occupant. The family have now been tenants for 
36 years. The condition of the farm was very highly 
spoken of by the judges, who declared that it was “ like 
a great market garden.” Its extent was 242 acres. The 
rotation was grass, potatoes on sod, wheat, barley or oats 
seeded to grass, which brought the course to the begin¬ 
ning again. Ffteen men and boys were constantly hired, 
and what is strange in these days of machines, not one of 
these—not even a thrashing machine—is kept on the farm. 
Ventilation Under an Ice-ESousc. 
— “Winchester.” If a current of air is permitted to 
enter beneath an ice-house the ice will melt very 
rapidly. There should be no ventilation beneath, but 
the floor of the ice-house shonld be of gravel or sand ; if 
it is not naturally drained, a drain with an air-trap shaped 
like an S should be made, which will let the water es¬ 
cape, but which will keep the air out. 
Effog’s Sis Manure Celiacs.—“H. J.,” 
[ Winchester. N. H. We do not approve, in any case, of 
keeping hogs in manure cellars, as it is productive of 
disease. No more effective method of communicating 
diseases of the intestines could be practised than this, 
as the excrement from a diseased animal is virulently 
poisonous when swallowed by another one. Nine tenths 
of the so-called hog cholera is doubtless directly or in¬ 
directly caused by permitting hogs to devour the drop¬ 
pings of cattle that are diseased, although these may not 
show any conspicuous signs of disorder. 
BI>Isense Among Stirep.—“J. TV. P.,” 
Marshall, Texas. When the lungs (or lights, as they are 
sometimes called), are found to be filled with mucus and 
frotti, after death, it is an indication that the sheep have 
suffered from parasitical worms in them. These may, if 
this is the case, be found by searching among the froth. 
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SECOND FLOOR OF MR. KINNEY’S POULTRY HOUSE. 
They are like pieces of white thread two or three inches 
in length, hence they are called Strongylus filaria or 
thread-like strongles. The remedy for these is to give 
repeated doses of turpentine (a tablespoonful at a time), 
and to move the sheep to fresh pastures where sheep have 
not been previously kept. 
Lime for Cloddy Soils.—“L. A.,” 
Akron, Ohio. Lime has a very beneficial effect upon 
hard, cloddy soils, and loosens and opens them very 
much, especially when they have been drained. Apply 
evenly, 50 bushels, per acre, broadcast. Double this 
quantity has been used with good effect upon heavy clays 
or mucky soils. 
Farming without Manure.—The an¬ 
nual sale of the growing crop, of Mr. Prout, an English 
farmer, who uses only artificial fertilizers, keeping no 
live stock and making no manure, has this year realized 
a full average. One field, which bore its tenth successive 
crop of wheat, was estimated at 48 bushels per acre and 
sold for $70.62£ cents per acre, the purchaser cutting and 
removing the crop. The fertilizers most largely used 
are bone manure and “ dissolved guano,” which is the 
same as the rectified guano sold in this country. $12.50 
per acre is expended in fertilizers. 
The BBil lor SellkSaackiaag' Animals. 
—“C. B.,” Easton, Md., writes: “I have just tried the 
perforated bit described in the American Agriculturist 
for November, 1876, on a stubborn calf one year old. It 
works like a charm, and is cheap at fifty cents, the price 
I paid the blacksmith for making mine.” 
Keeping' Hotter.—“T. A. G.,” Livermore, 
Col. To keep butter in sacks, these, when filled, should 
not be packed in dry salt, as the air can then have access 
to the butter, the dry salt being porous. If the sacks are 
packed in brine in a barrel, and headed up, the butter 
will keep for a year or more, if it was good when packed. 
Temperature for Clmrning;.—“L.,” 
Colorado. Cream should be 60 to 65 degrees before 
churning. If at a lower temperature, longer time is re¬ 
quired to bring the butter. If kept at 50 degrees or less, 
cream should be brought where it will become warm 
enough for churning. 
Export oflleefaud Mutton.— During 
the hot weather the export of meat to Europe has some¬ 
what fallen off; but that of live animals has greatly in¬ 
creased. The Euglish papers, referring to this business, 
report that it has not, so far, reduced the price of meat 
there, and thus has not interfered with the interests of 
graziers and farmers; while it has had the beneficial effect 
of preventing an increase of the retail prices, and has 
thus been greatly helpful to the poorer class of consumers. 
The successful transit of many hundreds of animals with¬ 
out one death having been reported, will act as a great 
encouragement to the trade. 
Cure 1'or Garget in Cows.—“R. H.,” 
Piatt Co., Ill. Effort should always be made to prevent 
garget, by proper management of the cow, previous to 
the birth of the calf. If the udder springs freely, and has 
any tendency to hardness, we should give one ounce of 
saltpeter, which would act on the kidneys and as a febri¬ 
fuge. This would relieve the udder, but if one dose does 
not act, we would repeat it the second day, or for two or 
three days, until the udder becomes soft and cool. If 
there is any milk in the udder, this should be drawn 
away. The cow’s feed should be very light and laxative. 
When the cow’s system has been freed from fever and 
cooled down, the danger will have passed, if she is kept 
reduced somewhat in condition, until the calf is dropped. 
Then, if the udder becomes hard, it should be bathed in 
warm water several times a day, and after the bathing 
should be vigorously rubbed with the hand, and ammo¬ 
nia water applied, and rubbed in. The saltpeter may be 
given as before, until the feverishness has been removed. 
It is well to allow the calf to suck the cow. 
Hlootly Mitlc.— “W. TV.,” Richmond Co., 
Ya. This trouble is due to a congested condition of the 
udder. The remedy is to give a strong saline purgative, 
such as 12 to 16 ounces of Epsom Salts, and bathe the 
udder frequently with cold water, afterwards rubbing it 
with spirits of ammonia. Keep the heifer very quiet. 
Air Compressors.— “B.,” Norfolk, Ya. 
Machinery for compressing air, and air engines, are made 
by the Norwalk Iron Works, South Norwalk, Conn. 
There is a wide scope for using compressed air stored by 
the power of windmills, in agricultural operations, and 
there is no doubt that this method of propelling farm 
machines, pumping, thrashing, etc., might be made ex¬ 
ceedingly safe, simple, convenient, and economical. 
