. 1862.] 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
69 
Liquid Medicine Daugerons for 
Horses.—It is difficult to induce a liorse to take fluid 
medicine, and lie is very likely to get it into his lungs and 
thus produce spasmodic coughing and sometimes, perma¬ 
nent disease, or “broken wind.” According to experi¬ 
ments instituted in Hanover (Germany), horses have 
even been killed in this way. Use medicines in the form 
of powders, agreeable drinks, or mashes, pills, etc. 
Galls on Morses Cnred.-E. R. Church¬ 
ill, Hillsboro’ Co., N. H., writes to the Agriculturist: 
“ Is it generally known that arnica flowers digested in 
spirit cures galls on horses very quickly, applied several 
times a day ? It cured a very obstinate case on my own 
horse last Summer.” (The dried flowers are sold at 
drug stores.) 
Hloody Mills.— L. N. P., Ottawa City, Iowa. 
Garget is probably the cause. Feed a teaspoonful of salt¬ 
petre twice daily, and if the bag is caked and sore, rub it 
with equal parts of arnica tincture and warm water which 
will take the soreness out, and then rub and knead it. 
Soiling' Stock. —A “Subscriber” at Jeuner- 
ville, Chester Co., Pa., wishes to see in the Agriculturist 
the Dr. and Cr. side of some well conducted soiling ex¬ 
periments, extending through a considerable period. He 
wishes to know how it affects the health of stock, about 
the gain in the manure heap, and whether it will pay. 
There are readers of the Agriculturist who are experi¬ 
enced in this—will they respond with the particulars ? 
The Monster Mog.— We published in the 
February Agriculturist the statement given us by the 
butchers of the weight, etc., of an immense hog. From 
the gentleman upon whose farm it was fattened.—Mr. 
Frank Lathrop, of Morris Co., N. J.— we learn that when 
2 yrs. 8 mos. old, five months before he was killed, he 
weighed 1,035 lbs.; that he was imported by David Leavitt, 
jr., Esq., of Great Barrington, Mass., with the following 
pedigree ; “ Bred by Earl of Sefton, Croxteth Hall, 
Lancashire, England. Pigged Dec. 1, 1658, got by Young 
Tinker out of Maria ; Young Tinker by old Tinker ; he 
by Bruiser; he by Burster, and he by the Berkshire Boar, 
who weighed 1,175 lbs., when 2 years and 3 months old, 
and was supposed to be the weightiest pig of his age Eng¬ 
land has produced. Maria is out of Sal; Sal, by Mot; Mot, 
a lineal descendant of the Suffolk Punchster, the greatest 
pig of his age.” (Signed). Wm. Little, jr. 
Farm Steward of the Earl of Sefton. 
His weight was stated by Lilly & Brower, who butch¬ 
ered him, to be 1,393 lbs. alive, and 1,053 dressed. 
Tlie Breaick Csirc for Skeep Mot.— 
We do not remember to have mentioned that in France 
during the past year a medicine has come into pretty ex¬ 
tensive sale for the rot, a disease which prevails much 
more generally in Europe than in this country. So great 
were the claims for this remedy, that the Royal Agricul¬ 
tural Society of England deemed it worth while to ap¬ 
propriate £12 ($60), for the expense of a trial of it in Eng¬ 
land. Prof. Simonds was entrusted with the experiments, 
and after a faithful trial during last Summer, he reports 
that no good results were apparent. It is therefore to 
be classed with the thousand and one humbug nostrums, 
cures for consumption, etc., that get notoriety by adver¬ 
tising, deceptive certificates, etc. 
Sheep Wanted at tlie West. — In a 
letter of Feb. 5th, from F. W. Windship, of Princeton, Bu¬ 
reau Co., Ill., he remarks incidentally: “ We want five to 
ten thousand sheep in this County immediately. Where 
can we get them, and at what price ? If any one can tell, 
let him address the Secretary of our County Agricultural 
Society, or myself.” (Mr. W. is County Surveyor.)- 
Similar inquiries come from other points at the West, 
as well as from some localities in the East. We do not 
know how the want will be supplied. Farmers are be¬ 
coming more alive to the profitableness of sheep raising, 
and pi-obably very few would now be willing to part with 
their flocks at prices they would be likely to be offer¬ 
ed for them. We suggest in this connection, the impor¬ 
tance of taking good care of the breeding ewes at this 
season. Keep them in good heart, not too fat, and let 
the greatest care be exercised to save and raise all the 
lambs dropped this Spring. 
Sheep—ISelative value of Breeds in 
England.— In the prize sheet for the next Show of the 
Royal Agricultural Society, prizes of $100 (£20) are offer¬ 
ed for the best shearling ram, for the best ram of any 
age, and for the best pen of five shearling ewes. These 
are for Leicesters, and Southdowns. Only $75 (£15) are 
offered for the same classes of Lincolns, Cotswolds, and 
Kentish or Romney Marsh breeds. Quite a little breeze 
Is being raised by the graziers of the-last named three 
breeds, for, as says one of the number, “ this course of 
the Society is to inform foreigners who come to the Show 
to buy sheep, that the Cotswold, Lincoln and Kentish are 
only second class sheep, whereas, we (the graziers) think 
them the most useful and profitable class of sheep in the 
Kingdom ...” A strong appeal is made to the breeders 
to vote out of office the members of the Council who have 
made the distinction. 
Mow to Prove the Vitality of Eggs. 
De Berri, Rye, N. Y., writes to the American Agricultur¬ 
ist : It is emphatically “ Love’s labor lost ” to set her on 
eggs lacking vitality. For some years I have generally 
been successful in “ counting my chickens before they 
were hatched.” About the 2nd week in March I select 
fresh eggs of a medium size, and set as many hens as 
possible at the same time. After three days examine the 
eggs at night with a light, those having the embryo chick 
will appear dark, while those lacking vitality will look 
clear as ever, remove them as they will not hatch, but are 
still fit for family use ; transfer the good eggs from one 
nest to another to make up deficiencies, and give the 
robbed hens fresh eggs. 
Vellow Mutter in Winter.— R. Downs, 
New-Haven Co., Conn., puts the cream into the churn, 
stirs it for a few minutes, and then adds the juice of a 
good sized yellow carrot. The carrot is grated or scraped 
fine and mixed with a pint of new milk, and left to soak 
for a short time, then strained through a very fine sieve or 
cloth and. the liquid added to tlie cream in the churn. 
The butter will be as yellow as if made in Summer, with 
no carrot taste. 
“Milk for Bakes.”— D. J. F., of Troy, 
writes to the Agriculturist dissenting from a view express- 
’ ed by a writer in this journal, and giving his own practice. 
He says, “ I have had 18 years experience in furnishing tlie 
unmixed milk from a single cow to infants, sometimes to 
as many as 7 at once, and have never found a.farrow cow’s 
milk that a child would thrive on. There are but few 
new milch' cows whose milk is good for infants. When 
I commence leaving milk for a young child, I always in¬ 
quire after its health for a week at least,’ if the milk makes 
it sick, I change to another cow, and continue to do so 
until I find milk that is good for the child, then I do not 
change till the child is weaned, if the cow remains well. 
Not one milkman in ten is honest in carrying one cow’s 
milk. They find it very convenient to supply the baby’s 
milk out of a 60 quart can. 
Concentrated Milk. —Cynthia M. Green, 
Broome Co., N. Y. No patented process is secret—the 
Government grants exclusive rights for a term of years, 
in consideration of the full disclosure, or making patent, 
of tlie process or method. This milk is concentrated by 
an expensive process, which is, we believe, patented. 
The milk is purified, and very rapidly boiled down by 
means of steam heat and an air-pump at a temperature 
considerably below that of boiling water, (about 160°,) un¬ 
til 5 gallons are reduced to 1, in which condition it is 
marketed, and when used it is reduced by the addition of 
five times as much water and a little salt, which it seems 
to need, in order to restore the flavor of fresh milk. 
Time on :i “Truck” Butch.—M. B., 
of Clinton Co., Pa., asks if it will do to put fresh lime on 
a “ truck ” patch. If the soil is rather heavy and has 
been long receiving its annual supply of manure, or con¬ 
tains much vegetable matter, lime will probably be an ex¬ 
cellent application. Apply about a peck to the square 
rod, sowing on the surface, and working it in. Lime is 
said to make peas boil hard. By no means mix it with 
manure, for its action will set ammonia free. 
Salt as Manure.— G. B. Smith, Albany Co., 
N. Y. Salt is an excellent ingredient in composts, added 
at the rate of about a peck to the load. It is a good dres¬ 
sing for grass, grain land, and ground where roots are to 
be grown, and in fact it is seldom without some benefit ; 
yet it is impossible to tell how much or how little will 
produce the best effect. Sometimes two or three bushels 
to the acre seems to produce the best results, and some¬ 
times but little effect will. be seen from a dozen. You 
will find an answer to the question about gas lime in the 
January Agriculturist, page 7. 
Manure under Shed.— L. Labo, of Penn¬ 
sylvania, and others. Manure mixed largely with 
straw and thrown together under cover, without further 
care, will be in danger of drying out and fire fanging. It 
should be occasionally forked over, and if not wet enough 
to continue rotting, water should be thrown on to keep 
the entire heap always moist. A free addition of muck, 
or black earth, or sods, or even of common soil, will help 
to absorb the escaping gasses, and increase the value of 
the heap materially, unless there be as much straw as can 
be decomposed by the intermixed droppings of animals. 
Muck, or black earth, or sods, when composted (mixed) 
with decaying manure, increase the value of the heap not 
only by acting as absorbents, but they also add much fer¬ 
tilizing material by the decomposition of their own or- : 
ganic elements. 
Mew Manure.-Rygatej Vfc. You did not 
calculate for the strength of the compost made by “ dry¬ 
ing ” hen manure with unleached ashes. Never make 
such a mixture ; ammonia is set free and lost. In this 
case it was disengaged in the soil and in contact with the 
seed, and of course killed it. Compost hen manure with 
soil or muck, throwing it into a heap and working it over 
two or three times, adding more soil each time, until it is 
about K manure, % soil or muck, and put of this but a 
handful to the hill of corn. The grass you sent was a va¬ 
riety of Panicum dichotomum, one of the Panic” grasses. 
Granite Manure.—' “ John.” Yes, there is 
such a thing ; but it will never drive barn-manure out of 
use. Th efne chips or dust of granite quarries, and of 
the stone-cutters, when strewn over grass-land often pro¬ 
duces a marked effect. Granite is composed of felspar, 
mica, and quartz ; and felspar contains about 14 per cent 
of potash. Hence the fertilizing power of the granite. 
Mack Swamps which cam mot be 
Drained.—M. D. Loper, Long Island. In the Winter 
cut off all the brush, and in a dry time dig out a place in 
the lowest part, as deep as you can, for a constant pond, 
and dig ditches running into it. In this way you wil t un¬ 
doubtedly get a good part of your swamp dry enough to 
dig muck in, even in Winter. If there is a clay bottom to 
the swamp, and gravel or sand beneath, a boring or well 
through the clay will tap such a sink, and give drainage. 
Grass Eand—Whesa to Manure.— 
Hampden, of Holyoke, Mass., communicates to the Agri¬ 
culturist his experience in manuring grass lands, which 
we have only room for in a very condensed form : Three 
years ago, he top-dressed part of a meadow in August; 3 
weeks, dry and hot, without rain, followed; he thought all 
the manure lost. After a few rains, the manured part 
showed finely and the next Summer the crop of hay was 
double. The next year, top-dressed a meadow the last 
of November; saw very little benefit the next season, and 
this little, perhaps, due to the action of the manure as a 
mulch or “ blanket” rather than as a fertilizer. Last year, 
manured part of mowing lot in August, the restin Septem¬ 
ber. The appearances indicate one third larger crop 
from the August application. 
Wire Fence on a §tone Wall.—J. C. 
Boorse, Montgomery Co., Pa. The manufactured wire 
netting fence answers a good purpose, fastened to posts 
set in the ground or in the center of a low stone wall 
It can be purchased at most agricultural stores for $1 to 
$2 per rod, according to the hight, the size of the wire, and 
the fineness or coarseness of the meshes. 
flttow Much Ball in Brains ?—T. 
Hooper, Kansas. Be sure only that there is a fall. It 
you are sure that a tile drain falls 1 inch in 100 feet, and 
that uniformly, it will do, but it is easier to be sure of I 
foot fall in 100 feet, and 3 to 5 feet are preferable. 
Stone drains, etc., need a greater fall than tiles, but drains 
with little fall must be very carefully laid so as not to get 
out of place or fill up with sand and silt. 
Cisterns. —J. M. H., Mt. Vernon, N. Y. You 
may locate the cistern at almost any distance from the 
pump by having a tight connecting pipe. The force re¬ 
quired depends mainly upon the hight of the pump above 
the water, though the longer pipe involves more friction 
from the water. The expense of blasting will probably 
greatly exceed that of a connecting pipe—you can judge. 
Roman cement is an English article, so called from 
its resemblance to the cement found in the old Roman 
structures of England. Probably none in the world sur¬ 
passes the Rosendale and Kingston cements. The Cro¬ 
ton Acqueduct was laid in these. We can not say which 
is the best pump. 
A Good Cellar.— A. M. Ward, Hartford Co., 
Conn., thus expresses to the Agriculturist his apprecia¬ 
tion of a good cellar. “ Although living in a hired house, 
four years ago I had the cellar bottom cemented at my 
own expense. The walls were rough, destroyed costly 
brushes in whitewashing, and let in damp, sometimes wa¬ 
ter, and more especially rats, so I kept a tub of mortar on 
hand in the cellar, with which occasionally of an even¬ 
ing I smoothed off the walls; and then whitewashed. 
Now it is a pleasant room, with constantly increasing 
conveniences, and is the envy of my wealthy neighbors 
who have nothing in comparison.” 
