Mar., 1889. 
REPORTS OF SOCIETIES. 
71 
Parkes, C. J. Wainwright, G. Hadley, C.Pumphrev, and J. Pumphrey. 
The annual report (which is printed in full at page 49) and the 
financial statement having been read, Mr. W. K. Parkes proposed the 
adoption of the report and financial statement.—Mr. W. A. Parker 
seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously.—On the pro¬ 
position of Mr. Hughes, seconded by Mr. Levick, a hearty vote of thanks 
was accorded to the president for his services to the society during the 
past year. Votes of thanks were also passed to the editorsof theBirming- 
ham press for inserting reports of meetings, and to the officers of the 
society.—Mr. Grove was re-elected president for the year ; Mr. Rabone 
was re-appointed treasurer, and Messrs. Wilkinson and Marshall 
general secretaries. —Biological Section, February 12th. Mr. R. W. 
Chase in the chair, among those present being Messrs. Bagnall, Grove, 
Hughes, Levick, Marshall, Pumphrey, and Wilkinson. Mr. Charles 
Pumphrey was elected president and Mr. Thomas E. Bolton as 
secretary of the section for the present year. Mr. Bagnall exhibited, 
for Miss Gingell, ffypnum molluscum and Anomodon viticulosum , from 
Dursley; also, for Miss Taunton, Aristolochia boetica and an Arum 
from Spain. Prof. T. W. Bridge, M.A., then gave a valuable and 
interesting paper on “ The Structure and Function of the Air-bladder 
in Certain Fishes,” illustrating it by means of many diagrams and 
skeletons of various fishes. A discussion followed in which Messrs. 
Pumphrey, Chase, Hughes, and Grove took part. —Sociological Section, 
Supplementary Meeting, Feb. 14th, in the Society’s room. Mr. 
W. R. Hughes, F.L.S., in the chair. The minutes of last meeting 
being read and confirmed, the President read a letter from Mr. Spencer 
calling attention to an essay by a German author, Dr. Karl Kinder- 
man, on the “ Entwickelungslehre of H. Spencer; ” the first sign of 
recognition of the Synthetic Philosophy in the land of Kant. Also, 
a letter from M. Grosclande, of Paris, announcing his failure to 
keep the Parisian Sociological Society afloat, attributing his lack of 
success to the want of thinking persons, and to the unsettled 
political condition of the country. A translation of the letter was 
entered on the minutes. The President also announced the receipt 
of the Second Part of the “ Modern Essayist,” from the Brooklyn 
Ethical Association. Mr. Kineton Parkes read his paper on “ Evolution 
and Dissolution,” being an exposition of chapter twelve of Herbert 
Spencer’s “First Principles.” The subject, which was ably treated, 
was afterwards discussed. 
BIRMINGHAM MICROSCOPISTS’ AND NATURALISTS’ 
UNION.—December 17th. Mr. Deakin exhibited Pandora incequivalvis , 
a marine shell from Bournemouth. Mr. Cracroft described a new 
method of making drawings of objects to be used at soirees, etc., by 
Dr. Hudson. The drawing is made on tissue paper and pasted over a 
circular hole in brown paper. A series of these is fastened in a frame 
and a light placed behind, when a good effect is produced. A drawing 
made and mounted in the manner described was handed round.— 
December 31. Mr. J. Corbet showed a collection of ammonites and 
other fossils from the Inferior Oolite of Cheltenham ; under the 
microscope, Mr. J. Collins, leaf of Niphobolus lingua ; Mr. J. W. 
Neville, anthers and pollen grains of the Japanese hibiscus.—January 
7th. Mr. J. W. Neville exhibited the skin of a large Australian snake ; 
Mr. J. Corbet, a small collection of plants from the bush of South 
Africa.—January 14th. Mr. J. W. Neville showed specimens of 
ammonites, whole and in section, from Whitby ; Mr. J. Betteridge, 
