May, 1889. 
THE WORK OF FIELD CLUBS. 
109 
formed and adding fresh sterilised wort, it is obviously 
possible to obtain a goodly supply of yeast. Finally 
this is transferred to a large apparatus where sterilised 
wort can be supplied in any quantity, and the pure yeast 
derived from a single cell is thus continually produced and 
drawn off as required for use. Throughout every operation, 
the precautions dictated by previous experience are taken to 
exclude the germs of “wild” yeast or of Bacteria. This 
process, invented by Dr. Hansen, a Continental brewers’ 
microscopist, is now no longer an experiment. It is worked 
on a large scale in several breweries, with the most brilliant 
and commerciallv successful results. In these establishments 
%/ 
“ returns ” are unknown ; bottled beer leaves no sediment, and 
anv desired flavour can be secured and maintained the whole 
«/ 
vear round. 
(To be continued.) 
THE WOKE OF FIELD CLUBS.* 
BY CH. CALLAWAY, D.SC., F.G.S. 
In accepting the presidency of this Club, my desire was to 
promote amongst its members an interest in Nature. The 
Severn Valley abounds with specimens of her handiwork. 
Each creature that swims in the waters of our noble river, 
each flower that blooms on its banks, each hill that looks out 
over its verdant meadows, is a microcosm of wonders ; and 
as the prophet beheld horses of fire and chariots of fire where 
the common eye saw nothing, so the true student of nature 
expatiates in a world of beauty and marvel which is invisible 
to the untrained sense. A Newton perceives laws where 
other men had seen only aimless motions. To a Darwin, a 
buttercup is a wonder whose glory derives a tenfold charm 
from the mysteries which still lie hidden in its nectaries or 
its carpels, but to most men it is a buttercup and nothing 
more. Surely it is worth making an effort to penetrate the 
secrets which hide themselves in the common objects that lie 
about us. 
But I may be met by the objection that it requires a 
long course of study to fit the mind to look into Nature. 
This is by no means the case. Training is no doubt required— 
except perhaps by a Darwin—to qualify men to make impor¬ 
tant discoveries, but we must be content at first to learn what 
* Presidential Address to the Severn Valley Field Club, delivered 
at Wellington, January 24th, 1889. 
