AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
125 
hard egg! Be sure of it, he who dines out 
of debt, tho’ his meal be biscuit and an onion, 
dines in “The Apollo.” And then for rai¬ 
ment ; what warmth in a threadbare coat, if 
the tailor’s receipt be in your pocket, what 
Tyrian purple in the faded waistcoat, the 
vest not owed for; how glossy the well- 
worn hat if it cover not the aching head of a 
debtor! Next the home-sweets, the out 
door recreation of the free man. The street- 
door falls not a knell on his heart; the foot 
on the staircase, though he lives on the third 
pair, sends no spasm through his anattomy; 
at the rap of his door he can crow forth 
“come in,” and his pulse still beat health¬ 
fully, his heart sink not in his bowels. 
See him abroad. How confidently, yet how 
pleasantly he takes the street; how he re¬ 
turns look for look with any passenger ; how 
he saunters ; how, meeting an acquaintance, 
he stands and gossips ! But, then, this man 
knows no debt; debt, that casts a drug into 
the richest wine ; that makes the food of the 
gods unwholesome, indigestible ; that 
sprinkles the banquets of a Lucullus with 
ashes, and drops soot in the soup of an em¬ 
peror; debt, that like the moth, makes val¬ 
ueless furs and velvets, inclosing the wearer 
in a festering prison, (the shirt of Nessus 
was a shirt not paid for ;) debt, that writes 
upon frescoed walls the hand writing of the 
attorney ; that puts a voice of terror in the 
knocker; that makes the heart quake at the 
hunted fire-side ; debt, the invisible demon 
that walks abroad with a man, now quicken¬ 
ing his steps, now making him look on all 
sides like a hunted beast, and now bringing 
to his face the ashy hue of death, as the un¬ 
conscious passenger looks glancingly upon 
him! Poverty is a bitter draught, yet may, 
and sometimes with advantage, be gulped 
down. Though the drinker make wry faces, 
there may after all be a wholesome goodness 
in the cup. But debt, however covertly it be 
offered, is the cupof a Syren, and the wine, 
spicy and delicious though it be, as poison. 
The man out of debt, though with a flaw in 
his jerkin, a crack in his shoe-leather, and a 
hole in his hat, is still the son of liberty, free 
as the singinglark above him ; but the debtor, 
though clothed in the utmost bravery, what 
is he but a serf out upon a holiday—a slave 
to be reclaimed at any instant by his owner, 
the creditor! My son, if poor, see wine in 
the running spring; let thy mouth water at 
last week’s roll; think a threadbare coat the 
“ only wearand acknowledge a white¬ 
washed garret the fittest housing-place for 
a gentleman; do this, and flee debt. So 
shall thy heart be at peace ; and the sheriff 
be confounded.— Douglas Jerrold, in “ Heads 
of the People .” 
THE BOSTON CORN EXCHANGE. 
The opening of the new Corn Exchange, 
a few weeks since, was duly announced by 
the press, and the favorable auguries of the 
enterprise duly given. We are pleased to 
learn that the new association has more than 
realized the expectations of its founders, by 
the facility it affords for trade in the mere 
item of concentration of business and in the 
matter of regulation of prices by a uniform 
standard. 
The flour and corn business had become 
a most important feature in Boston com¬ 
merce, about one million barrels of flour 
being sold here per year, and about three 
million bushels of grain, with large quanti¬ 
ties of seeds. All this business was in the 
hands of some two hundred receivers or 
jobbers, scattered through the whole extent 
of the city, to find whom dealers were put to 
a considerable inconvenience. The re¬ 
ceivers themselves had no place for consul¬ 
tation, to compare samples and average prices, 
and the necessity for a place of meeting 
became very evident. The mere broaching 
of the thing to the trade was at once hailed 
with favor, and the Boston Corn Exchange 
was the result, the benefit of which has been 
most happily illustrated. 
The rooms of the Exchange are located in 
the now granite block at the corner of Com¬ 
mercial-street and City wharf. They are 
exceedingly pleasant, and so central as to 
admit of the readiest access. These rooms 
are open one hour daily—from ten till eleven 
—and here are brought such samples of 
flour or grain as the receivers may have to 
sell, which wholesale buyers can examine at 
their leisure. A vote of the exchange, in 
order to facilitate the operations between 
buyers and sellers, has decided that flour 
shall not be sold at the rooms in quantities 
less than fifty barrels, nor grain in quantities 
less than five hundred bushels, except in 
such cases where the balance of a lot shall 
be offered. 
The rooms are provided with long black 
walnut tables, running their entire length, 
with sufficient space on either side for the 
movements of those doing business. Each 
table is provided with drawers, to one of 
which every member of the association is 
entitled, in which he keeps his samples in 
small boxes, each box marked with particu¬ 
lar brand and the particular quality. These 
boxes are spread upon the tables, and it 
is a matter of interest to note the va¬ 
rious descriptions and their differences, 
more marked when seen together. It is 
a busy scene in the Corn Exchange dur¬ 
ing the allotted hour. The dealers know 
that the clock is looking at them, that its in¬ 
exorable fingers will bid them stop at the 
limited moment, and all the energy and tact 
of trade are exerted to clinch their bargains 
before they are shut off. 
It will be seen how great the advantage of 
such a place must be to those engaged in 
the flour and grain trade and to their cus¬ 
tomers, and aside from its business import¬ 
ance, the benefits of which, in this as in all 
other departments of life, can not be too 
highly esteemed. The advantage of the 
Corn Exchange is a fixed fact and its com¬ 
plete success undoubted .—Boston Post. 
Remarks. —Flour has fallen from 31 to 50 
cents per bbl.; Corn 3 to 4 cents per bushel. 
Cotton has advanced i of a cent per lb., 
Sugar the same. 
The Weather the past week has been cold 
with some rain. Planting is going on rap¬ 
idly. 
NEW-YORK CATTLE MARKET. 
Wednesday May 2, 1855. 
The chief feature in the market to-day is a short sup¬ 
ply of cattle, and enormously high prices. Last week 
there was 1750 ; while to-day there are only 1371, being a 
falling off of 379. Seeing the few animals offered, the 
brokers thought this morning to rule the market; but the 
cattle were held so high that butchers preferred not to 
buy at all, rather than pay such enormous prices. Con¬ 
sequently the market was dull in spite of the limited sup¬ 
ply, and later in the day, the butchers saw fit to ease off 
a little. A few of the cattle sold to-day as high as 13c., 
though this was the top of the market. Very few, we 
think, sold less than 10ic. This great advance is chiefly 
owing to the short supply, and is, doubtless, merely tem¬ 
porary. 
Below we give some of the lots offered : 
Franklin Ford was on hand with 100 fine cattle, from 
Paris, Ky., which sold by Wm. Belden from 11. to 12Jc. 
The cost of bringing was nearly $20 head. He also 
had another lot of 105 inferior cattle, sold by David Bel¬ 
den from 11c. to 124c. The difference between good and 
poor cattle, when there is a scarcity, is much less than 
one would suppose. This gentleman said he lost last 
week $1,800 on two droves. 
Geo. Ayrault sold 95 good cattle from Seneca Falls, N. 
Y., owned by Van Duser* Mumford. They would aver¬ 
age about 600 lbs., and* sold for about 12c. 
Chas. Teed sold a fair lot of 117 Indiana cattle, owned 
by Roward & Creamer for about 12c. 
Mr. M. Romback had 6 very choice 5-year-old full-blood 
Durhams, from Clinton Co., Ohio, which would weigh 
2,200 lbs. each at home. One pair was as fat and fine built 
as need be. Such cattle bring no more than many others 
in the yards, nor pay for feeding ; however, there is some 
pleasure in bringing them to market as well as looking at 
them. They were held at $1,100. 
Ulery & McConnell, had 67 fine Ohio cattle, which 
brought from 11c. to 12]c. and a few 13c. 
Barney Bartam, had the best drove in the yards, from 
Pratt Co., Illinois. There was 84 in all, fed by Calf* 
Jacoby, and owned by Cochran & Claypole. These cattle 
cost $125 per head, in Illinois, and brought here from $120 
to $160, or from 12ic, to 13c. 
The following are about the highest and lowest prices : 
Extra quality at. 124®13c. 
Good retailing quality beef is selling at_lll®12ci. 
Inferior do. do. .10J®llJc. 
Cows and Calves.$30®$75. 
Veals. 4c.®7c. 
Sheep, poor. .$4(5)4 50. 
do good.$5 50(5)6. 
do extra.$7(59. 
Swine, alive.51c.®5tc. 
“ dead,. 74®8c 
Washington Yards, Forty-fourth-street. 
A. M. Allerton, Proprietor. 
RECEIVED DURING THE WEEK. IN MARKET TO-DAY. 
Beeves. 1478 1371 
Cows,. 14 - 
Veals,. 1051 - 
Sheep and lambs,. 77 - 
Swine,.— 1492 - 
Of these there came by the Erie Railroad—beeves.. 550 
Swine. 1492 
Sheep . — 
Veals. _ 
By the Harlem Railroad—Beeves. 8 
Cows. 14 
Veals.1051 
Sheep and Lambs. 77 
By the Hudson River Railroad. 300 
Sheep and Lambs. — 
Swine. — 
By the Hudson River Boats—Beeves.425 
Sheep. — 
Swine. — 
New-York State furnished—beeves_ 
Ohio, “ . 
Indiana, “ . 
Illinois, “ . 
Virginia. “ . 
Kentucky, “ . 
Connecticut, “ . 
Peensylvania “ . 
The report of sales for the week, at Browning’s, are as 
follows: 
Sheep and Lambs. 843 
Beeves. 220 
Veals. 36 
Cows and Calves. 20 
The following sales were made at Chamberlain’s: 
230 Beef Cattle. 9(S)12c. 
76 Cows and Calves.$30®$60 
2,754 Sheep.$4®$10. 
Sheep are very scarce, and command almost any price. 
There are none in the market to-day at all. Good lambs 
sell from $4 to $6. 
The following are the sales of Jas. McCarty: 
238 
537 
.117 
.363 
. 48 
53 
64 Sheep. 
00 
50 Sheep. 
... 150 
00 
32 Sheep. 
00 
25 Sheep. 
,... 75 
00 
126 Sheep. 
... $283 
50 
154 Sheep. 
... 827 
75 
41 Sheep. 
... 209 
29 
7 do. 
... 25 
00 
42 do. 
... 88 
50 
541 
$2,051 
00 
Average.... 
....$3 95. 
PRODUCE MARKET. 
Tuesday, May 1, 1855. 
The prices given in our reports from, week to week, are the 
average wholesale prices obtained by producers, andnot those 
at which produce is sold from the market. The variations in 
prices refer chiefly to the quality of the articles. 
The market still continues dull, as usually happens at 
the first of May. Poor potatoes are more plentiful and a 
little lower. Nova Scotias are very abundant. There 
are 50,000 bushels afloat in the docks. 
Apples remain nearly the same in price, but are rather 
