AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
195 
A WATER SONG. 
Pure cold water bright, 
All sparkling and white, 
^ r ill color your cheeks like tire cherry ; 
A tine pearly hue, 
Your skin will renew, 
And make you light-hearted and merry. 
Then powdeis and pills, 
And doctors’ long bills, 
Just throw to the dogs, with their physic, 
And if you can’t sleep, 
Why take a wet sheet— 
'Twill cure both the cold and the tisic ! 
Their smooth anodynes, 
And all their drugged wines, 
Will fasten disease to you faster— 
Ten chances to one, 
If when you’ve “been done,” 
Old Nature makes out to be master ! 
Then if you should reel, 
From topmast to keel, 
And hobble along on your crutches, 
Let calomel tell 
Who struck your death knell, 
When he had you fast in his clutches ! 
Topsey, in Life Illustrated. 
land per acre in this State exceeds , by $14.67, 
that of the “ Empire Stateand by the latest 
returns, it is rated higher than that of any 
other State ! 
POPULATION. 
New-Jersey has rapidly increased in pop¬ 
ulation since the census of 1840 ; also ex¬ 
ceeding, in this respect, New-York, propor¬ 
tionately, thus : 
1840. 1850. 
New-York.2,428,921 
Pennsylvania.1,724,033 
New-Jersey. 373,306 489,555 
The average ratio of increase being— 
New-York.28.14 
Pennsylvania.34. /2 
New-Jersey.32.40 
STOCK. 
The stock of New-Jersey is thus estimated: 
Number. 
Horses, Asses and Mules in 1650 . 
N eat Cattle.211,261 
Sheep.160,4b8 
Swine....250,370 
Value of Live Stock generally.$10,679,291 
Value of Slaughtered Animals. 2,638,552 
CROPS. • 
The advance of New-Jersey in Agricultu¬ 
ral matters will be clearly seen by the Crops 
of the years 1840 and 1850 compared : 
NEW-JERSEY AS A FARMING STATE. 
In an appendix to the Premium list of the 
New-Jersey State Agricultural Society, we 
find the following statements, which will be 
found interesting not only to our numerous 
readers in that State but to those residing 
1840. 1850. Increase. 
Bushels. Bushels. Bushels 
Wheat. 774,203- 1,601,190 826,987 
Oats.20,835 24 33,780.63 2,945 39 
Indian Corn.4,361,975 8.759,704 4,397,729 
The yield in New-York for the same year 
(1850) was but 17,858,400 bushels ; and Penn¬ 
sylvania, 19,835.314 bushels. 
Hay—Yield in... .1840-334,861 tuns. 1850—435,950 tuns. 
Increase.1,089 tuns. 
elsewhere. 
TO THE PEOPLE OF NEW-JERSEY: 
The Executive Committee of the “ New- 
Jersey State Agricultural Society ” take this 
method of presenting to their fellow-citizens, 
and others interested, a few statistics con¬ 
nected with the growth and relative import¬ 
ance of New-Jersey, in its agricultural de- 
velopment. 
They believe that too little is known of the 
resources and advancement of the State by 
its citizens, and therefore earnestly recom 
mend a careful perusal of the following state¬ 
ments, compiled from the most authentic 
sources. And they do this not only because 
much is said against New-Jersey by those 
who ignorantly, or even maliciously, malign 
her, who can best be answered by statements 
they can not refute—although they can 
scarcely credit—but also that the importance 
of a State Agricultural Association, having 
already such a favorable basis for opera¬ 
tion, and whose object is to more thor¬ 
oughly develop its resources, may be ap¬ 
parent to, and thus receive the cooperation 
of, all. 
Where comparisons are made, the States 
of New-York and Pennsylvania have been 
selected, for the purpose of showing still 
more forcibly the importance of New-Jersey, 
by contrast with States acknowledged the 
first in the Union. The reader is request¬ 
ed to remember the relaHve sizes of the 
States here given, while inspecting the ta¬ 
bles. 
Area of acres 
Sq. miles. Sq. acres. in farms. 
New-York has.47,000 30,080,000 19,114,088 
Pennsylvania.46,000 29,440,000 14,923,347 
New-Jersey. 8,320 5,324,800 2,752,946 
It will thus be seen that New-York and 
Pennsylvania are each over five times as 
large as New-Jersey—the ratio being thus : 
New-Jersey.1.00 
New-York.5.65 
Pennsylvania.5.53 
THE VALUE OF LAND 
is the next important consideration. 
Total Vale of Average 
Farm Land per acre. 
New-York.$554,546,642 $29.00 
Pennsylvania. 407,876,099 27.33 
New-Jersey . 120,237,511 43.67 
It will thus be seen that the value of farm 
Potatoes .—The yield of this important 
crop for 1850 shows, in its increase over that 
of 1840, a very gratifying improvement. 
Exhibited in comparison with our sister 
States, as below, this may well be consider¬ 
ed one of the most desirable articles for rais¬ 
ing in Nevv-Jersev. 
Irish Potatoes. Sweet Potatoes. 
Bushels, Bushels. 
In 1850 New-Y r orkk raised. 15,398.368 5,629 
“ Pennsylvania “ 5,980.732 52,172 
“ New-Jersey “ 3,207,236 508,015 
While New-York decreased in this crop 
14,719,617 bushels in the ten years prior to 
1850, and Pennsylvania also decreased 35,- 
027 59 bushels in the same period, New- 
Jersey increased her yield in the same time 
643,181 bushels. 
It may be asserted that no other State has 
such facilities for “ Market Gardening,” and 
the raising of “Orchard Products,” as this. 
The vast demand always existing in the 
markets of New-York and Philadelphia, as 
well as for home consumption, and the con¬ 
stantly increasing facilities for conveying 
articles of this perishable character to mar¬ 
ket, rapidly and cheaply, must combine to 
continue New-Jersey as the most prosper¬ 
ous State, proportionately, in this respect. 
That its citizens are awaking to the value 
of these matters, will be found from the fol¬ 
lowing statement : 
PRODUCE OF MARKET GARDENS. 
1840, 1850. 
New-York.$499,126 $912,647 
Pennsylvania. 232.912 6?8,7I4 Increase, 
New-Jersey. 249,613 475,243 — $125,629 
ORCHARD PRODUCTS. 
1840. 1850. 
New-York.$1,701,935 $1,761,950 
Pennsylvania. 618,179 723,369 Increase, 
New-Jersey. 464,006 607,268 — $143,262 
It is believed that enough statistics have 
now been given to convince all of the rela¬ 
tive importance of New-Jersey as an Agri¬ 
cultural State. These statements, however, 
are not made to furnish evidence of sufficient 
excellence already attained, but that our fel¬ 
low citizens may learn the feasibility of ren¬ 
dering this State in almost every respect as 
competent to excel, as it does already in 
some of the most important. * 
No means have yet been found more ef¬ 
fective in securing, on the part of agricultur¬ 
ists and others, a willingness to investigate 
and adopt the benefits afforded by the devel¬ 
opments of science—whether exhibited in 
the more successful culture, by the applica¬ 
tion of new fertilizers, &e., or in a piece of 
mechanism, whereby labor is economized— 
than Agricultural Societies. The existence 
of such an Association depends entirely 
upon the interest evinced by the People , 
for whom alone its operations are carried 
forward. 
Thus, fellow-citizens, stands at this time 
the Society in your own State. It must be 
that its 23,900 farms, with almost innumera¬ 
ble factories, workshops, &c., will furnish a 
noble list of active and interested members. 
Its officers claim for it public sympathy and 
support; and while its successful continu¬ 
ance depends upon that, it shall be the effort 
of those controling its operations at all times 
to render it, in its operations, a benefit and 
honor to New-Jersey. 
On behalf of Executive Committee, 
J. II. FRAZEE, Cor. Sec’y. 
GUAN0-THE OTHER SIDE. 
Col. David Moseley, an excellent farmer 
of Westfield, says, in the Springfield Repub¬ 
lican : 
In the spring of 1852 I purchased one tun 
of guano for $56 when delivered. The land 
it was used upon was a gravelly pasture that 
was never manured ; plowed in the fall; and 
in the spring what I called ridged, by plow¬ 
ing two fnrrovvs together. The guano was 
ca ted into the field in the sacks, and placed 
so as to be convenient for putting on 300 
pounds per acre; then emptied from the 
sacks into the furrows, and mixed with 
about one-third earth, and then sowed broad¬ 
cast from a bag or basket, saving out the hard 
lumps and pounding them fine and mixing 
with the same. It was sowed on a still, 
damp day, and harrowed three times in a 
place as fast as sowed to keep the ammonia 
from escaping. Then well brushed over 
with a good white birch bush so arranged as 
to take a sweep 12 or 14 feet wide, which I 
prefer to a good roller. The second week 
in May, planted the corn across the ridges, 
which made it three and a half feet apart 
each way. It required but a little hoeing. 
Good judges estimated it to increase the crop 
at least fifteen bushels per acre ; which is al¬ 
so my opinion. We had a good opportunity 
of judging, as it was side by side of that 
which had no guano. 
I made an experiment on my meadow land 
by sowing broadcast three hundred pounds 
of guano per acre and harrowed it in as be¬ 
fore, and upon each side of said acre carted 
on and plowed in fifteen loads of good stable 
manure. The land was equally good and 
was planted and cultivated alike. The acre 
that was guanoed yielded from a quarter to a 
third more than the stable manured. In the 
fall sowed to rye, and when harvested the 
guanoed acre had the preference. 
I have mixed the guano with from a quar¬ 
ter to a third earth, using plaster in the mix¬ 
ture at about a bushel por acre, with three or 
four hundred pounds of guano per acre, and 
sowed it as a top-dressing upon grass with 
good success. Sow in the rain or just before 
a rain. 
In the spring of 1853, 1 was unable to pur¬ 
chase any ; the price run as high as $80 per 
tun, and was not to be had in our market by 
the tun. Last spring, 1854, I purchased of 
Messrs. Allen and Mason, of Springfield, 
early in the season, for $53 per tun. In June 
I paid $60 per tun for it. I put one tun upon 
eight acres of the gravelly pasture adjoining 
the first, and planted the corn the first week 
in May ; the land prepared and cultivated as 
before. The corn was cut up and stacked 
