4r 
[January. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
Gardening at the South.— In the Southern States, 
whenever the condition of the soil will allow it, 
the hardy, early vegetables are sown in succession 
from January to April. The hardy vegetables in¬ 
clude beet, carrot, parsnip, parsley, radish, turnip, 
onion, leek, lettuce, cress, cauliflower, cabbage, 
spinach, etc. Tender vegetables, such as cucum¬ 
bers, melons, beans, tomatoes, etc., can only be 
sown with safety in the open ground, at corn plant¬ 
ing time, or when the peach is in full bloom. 
These rules answer for any latitude. 
Seeds .—Their quality and integrity are of the 
greatest importance. It is better to be at any 
trouble and expense to get good seed, true to its 
kind, than to take that which is doubtful for noth¬ 
ing. Purchase early of reliable dealers only. Seeds 
go by mail at the rate of two cents for four oz.; 
if in doubt about the quality offered by home deal¬ 
ers, send to those of known reputation. 
Tools are to be overhauled and repaired, and 
those needed made or purchased. A liome-made 
roller, marker, reel for a garden-line and the like, 
are great helps, even in a small garden. 
-- Flower C-ai'aleaii samtl I,awis. 
But little can be done out of doors. Where im¬ 
provements are contemplated, a plan should be 
drawn to a scale, and sufficiently large to serve as 
a guide in working. 
Evergreens are now appreciated, and the present 
is the season to discover where they may be intro¬ 
duced into the grounds to the best advantage. 
Many are injured by 
Snow, there are many close growing deciduous 
shrubs injured by this. Shake it out before it be¬ 
comes icy. Drifts around low-branching ever¬ 
greens are apt to break off the lower branches as 
they settle, and should be shovelled away. 
Hedges may have their winter pruning in mild 
weather and in southern localities. 
Rhododendrons, Hollies, and other of the broad¬ 
leaved evergreens may be made to contribute largely 
to the cheerful winter aspect of the grounds, and 
some of them, such as the Kalmias and Rhododen- 
dions, serve the double purpose of making them 
gay with their flowers in spring and summer. 
Pits, need air in mild weather. Water only when 
they seem to actually need it. Keep mice from pits. 
Seedling Perennials in their first winter will do all 
the better for protection, no matter liow' hardy the 
old plants may be. A mulch over the bed will pre¬ 
vent the roots from injury. Leaves may be used. 
Trellises, Stakes, and all the little appliances that 
will be needed in spring, should bo made and re¬ 
paired while there is leisure. 
^Ri'eosalioaise and Window Plants. 
Temperature with house plants is less readily 
adapted to their wants than in the green-house. It 
is not well to let any collection reach a tempera¬ 
ture much below 40°. Plants cannot, as a general 
thing, be expected to flower at much below 60°. 
'For stove plants proper, more heat is needed, ac¬ 
cording to their tropical character. 
Air is to be given in the grcen-lionse whenever 
the ventilators can be opened with safety. Window 
plants need a change of air, and should have it 
whenever it can be given without chilling them. 
Violets and other half-hardy plants in cold frames, 
need plenty of air when the outside temperature 
will allow. 
Bedding Stock of scarce kinds may be multiplied 
by starting the stock plants into growth and taking 
cuttings, which, after they are rooted, will in turn 
furnish cuttings for later propagation. 
Insects are easily kept under by fumigating. 
Bust. —Arrange some kind of a shield of cloth 
or paper to put over house plants while sweeping. 
Bulbs, that were potted last autumn and kept 
cool, may be brought to the warmer atmosphere 
of the green-house or dwelling, and will soon 
flower. 
Camellias need an even temperature, one rather 
low with a moist atmosphere. If necessary, thin 
the buds. Keep the foliage clear by use of syringe. 
Cactuses should, generally, have rest and dryness. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist , 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
Dec. 15, 1870, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT THE NEW-YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. II heat. Corn. Bye. Bariev. Oats. 
26 (lays this m’th.535,0003,184,001) 1,540,000 70,000 1,212,000 1,936.000 
26 days last iu’tli.511.000 3,196,0001,574,000 89,000 874,0001,710,000 
Sat.es. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bi/e. Bariev. Outs 
26 (lays this ill’ tli.547,000 3,451,000 4,116,000 67,000 456,000 1,743,000 
26 days last m’th.329,000 3,437,000 1,549,000 61,500 239,000 1,856,000 
ii. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour, meat. Corn. Rue. Barle//. Oats. 
26 days 1870...535,000 3,1S4,000 1.540,000 76,000 1,212„000'1,936,000 
24 days 1869...519,000 3,173,000 729,000 56,500 1,538,000 2,147,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bve. Bariev. 
26 days 1870_347,000 3.451,000 1,416,000 67,000 456,00(1 1 
24 days 1S69. ...336,000 3,018,000 1,009,000 47,000 703,000 1 
3 . Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to Dec. 14 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bve. Barley. 
1870.1,855,876 1 7,773,810 417,328 92,431 - 
1869.1,512,020 17,903,887 1,619,970 142,542 - 
1868 . 842,393 4,809,527 5,645,795 153,093 61,598 
Oats. 
. '43,000 
,656,000 
Oats. 
27,786 
48,538 
149,479 
4. Stock of grain in store at New York: 
Wheat, Corn, Bye, Barley, Oats, Malt, 
1370. hash. bush, busli. hush. bush. bush. 
Dec. 15.3,060,762 208,319 148,000 500,397 2,085,137 231,129 
Nov. 9.2,092,900 300,000 116,800 400,400 2,125,000 - 
Oct. 10.1,809,921 476,544 53,391 181,803 1,679,658 237,453 
Sept. 12.1,S87,4S? 761,894 50,869 107,474 1,053,079 130,881 
Aug. 8.1,438,876 589,973 25.437 106,101 691,766 119,046 
July 11.1,281,913 .... 
June 7. 706.478 
May 10.1.158,052 
April 11.1,845,ISO 
March 7.2,509,608 
Feb. 11... .2,902,633 
Jan. 12 .4,423,028 
13(19. 
Dec. 11.3,810,562 
Nov. 14 
Dec. 
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483,540 28,816 98,600 655,068 109,478 
69,845 21,891 91,630 488,113 108,775 
110,829 20,502 126,013 410,517 83,000 
285,916 23,249 IS",172 756,Sll 99.9S8 
484.176 39,089 278,905 1,105,194 97,139 
534,003 62,112 322,425 1,199,672 36,214 
591,903 83,2S9 34,900 1,310,935 85,405 
833,909 50,043 285,906 1,336,594 77,097 
5. Receipts at head of tide-water at Albany each sea¬ 
son to Dec. 7 : 
flour. Wheat, Corn, Bye, Barley, Oats, 
..... b'njh bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. 
^§‘-2- ,0 ° 18,192,000 4,898,300 630,500 4,645,000 6,348,600 
-18.425,000 7,039,400 267,000 3.410,300 5,094,800 
18GS-4Gi,900 14,085,200 16,990,400 869,500 3,628,700 12,184,000 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
Price of Gold. 
Flour—S uper to Extra State 
Super to Extra Southern.... 
Extra Western. 
Extra Genesee. 
Superfine Western. 
Rye Flour... 
Corn-Meal. 
Wheat—A ll kinds of White.. 
AH kinds of Red and Amber. 
Corn—Y ellow. 
Mixed. 
Oats— Western. 
State... 
Rye.. . 
Barley. 
Hay—B ale 18 100 ft. 
Straw, $ 100 ft. 
Cotton—M iddlings, $ ft_ 
Hops—C rop of]870, # ft. 
Feathers— Live Geese, 19 ft. 
Seed—C lover, 79 ft .. 
Timothy, # bushel. 
Flax, 19 bushel. _ _ 
Sugar—B rown, # ft. S54© 1154 9 'A® 11^ 
Molasses, Cuba, ?!gal. 13 © 36 18 © 33 
Coffee—R io, (Gold, in bond) 9 l A@ 13 944© 13 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c„ #n>. 544 © 13 6 ® 129, 
Seed Leaf, # ft.. 8 @ 75 10 @ 75 
Wool—D omestic Fleece,# ft. 43 © 56 44 © 56 
Domestic, pulled, # ft. 25 @ 45 27 @ 44 
California, unwashed,. 23 @ 33 — © — 
Tallow, lb.. 8 X® 9 — @ 
Oil-Cake—# ton. 
Pork—M ess, # barrel- 
Prime, 19 barrel.. 
Beef—P lain mess. 
Lard, in tres. & barrels, # ft. 
Butter—S tate, # ft. 
AVestern, # ft. . 
Ciieese. 
Beaits—V bushel. 
Peas—C anada, free, 19 bu_ 
Eggs—F resh, # dozen.. 
Poultry'—D ressed Fowls_ 
Chickens, Spring, 3! ft. 
Turkeys, dressed, $ ft. 
Geese,# pair. 
Woodcock, ?! pair. 
Partridges, 19 pair. 
Ducks, ?! ft. 
Prairie Chickens, ?! pair. 
Quails, per dozen. 
Venison, per ft. 
Potatoes, ?! bbl. 
Sweet Potatoes, ?! bbl. 
Turnips— 19 bbl. 
Cabbages—"# 100. 
Onions—?! bbl. 
Cranberries—# bbl. 
Broom-corn—# ft. 
Apples—# barrel. 
Grapes—# ft. 
Gold fluctuated slightly since our last, the extremes of 
the price having been 11014®1D14, and the closing quo¬ 
tation on Dec. 15, 111... . There has been a fairly active 
business reported in Breadstuff's. The dealings in Wheat 
and Flour have been most extensive, largely for ship¬ 
ment, at improved prices. There has also been consider¬ 
able speculative inquiry for shipping grades of Flour, 
and for red and amber, winter, and prime new crop spring 
Wheat. At the close, the market for both Flour and 
Wheat was tame, but steady. Corn lias been offered 
much more freely at reduced figures, and has been in 
good request, chiefly for home use, though to a limited 
extent for export at the lower rates. There has been a 
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fair demand noted for Oats within our revised range. 
Barley lias been very quiet and much depressed. Rye 
has been scarce and wanted at bur quotations. The 
available supply of wheat in store and afloat at this port 
is given at alittle over four million bushels... .Provisions 
have been much less sought after, and have been quoted 
lower, particularly hog products, which have been press¬ 
ed for sale. The business in Bacon and Lard has been 
mainly for forward delivery.Cotton has been in less 
request at easier rates.Wool has been held with 
comparative firmness, but has been quiet .. Clover seed 
lias been purchased with unusual freedom, mainly for 
shipment, at firmer prices.Hay has been salable at 
our quotations....Hops have been depressed and quoted 
cheaper, but have been without activity_A very mod¬ 
erate trade has been reported in Tobacco at irregular 
figures.The closing of canal navigation has had the 
usual effect of greatly diminishing the receipts of produce 
at this point. 
Kew-Toric Bave-Stoclk Markets.— 
WEEK ending. Beeves. Cows. Calves- Sheep. Swine. Tol'l. 
Nov. 14tli.8,160 107 
do. 21st. 6,796 108 
do. 28tli. G,686 72 
Dec. 5th. 6,684 80 
i do. 12tli . 6,594 81 
Total in 5 Weeks... .34,920 448 
do. for prev.iWeeks 33,612 447 
1,9SS 
1,672 
1,311 
1,457 
1,115 
7,513 
8,557 
39,929 21,395 71,579 
38,927 23,561 71,064 
31,524 28,586 71,179 
32,620 24,527 65,368 
27.446 23,836 59,072 
173.446 121,905 338,202 
105,226 104,826 311,408 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
1,509 
2,139 
3,203 
1,752 
1,588 
1,320 
1,200 
1,500 
4.827 91,083 1,499,509 
5,466 82,571 1,413,479 
3,369 69,911 1,174,154 1,102,64: 
4.S85 62.420 1,010,000 672,000 
6,161 71,991 836,733 578,190 
89 
111 
02 
92 
105 
64 
94 
118 
34,GS9 
41,306 
36,007 
28,836 
27.182 
22,154 
20,000 
16,091 
24,381 
26,206 
75,745 
15,348 
18,809 
20.605 
13,000 
11,023 
798,199 
978,061 
Average per Week .6,984 
do. do. last Mouth _8,403 
do. do. prev's Month.... 7,921 
Average per H 7 eeA',18G9. 6,275 
do. do. do. 1SGS. 5,733 
do. do. do. 1S67. 5,514 
do. do. do. 1S66 . 5,748 
do. do. do. 1865 . 5,255 
Total in 1S69.326,280 
Total in 1868.298,128 
Total ill 1867. 293,832 
Total in 1866. 298,880 
Total in 1805. 270,274 
Total in 1864. 267,609 7,003 75,621 782,462 660,'2 1 
Beef Cattle.—After the heavy run of late grass 
cattle reported last month, receipts naturally fell off. 
When cattle are put upon winter feed farmers prefer to 
keep them a month or two, the first few weeks not telling 
upon their condition. In addition to this reason of the 
lighter supply now, is the fact that on December 5th the 
freights were nearly doubled—$1.00 per cwt. from Chi¬ 
cago, instead of 60c.—and this at once shut down on 
much of the thin stock. Instead of 2,500 Texans received 
one week previous to the advanced tariff, we had barely 
377 of the wild breed last week. New Yorkers may 
thank the railroads for better beef. Choice Christmas 
cattle begin to arrive, and are selling at lSc.@19c. per lb., 
net weight of the beef. One pair went at 20c., weighed, 
to make 64Ibs. per cwt., live weight. In the absence of 
very poor quality the prices obtained show quite an im¬ 
provement. There has been a real advance of about y 2 c. 
per lb. during the month, with an upward tendency at the 
close. Below ive give the range of prices, average price, 
and figures at which large lots were sold: 
Nov. 14th, ranged 7 @16 c. Av, 13 c. Large sales 11 @1444 
do. 21st, do. 7 @16 c. do. 13 c. do. do. 11 @14K 
do. 2Stli, do. 7K@16 c. do. 13 c. do. do. 11K@15 " 
Dec. 5lli, do. Sik@16 c. do. 13 c. do. do. 11 "©15 
do. 17th, do. 10 ”@1644c. do. 1344c. do. do. 12 ©15X 
Milcli Cows.—There is a gradual tendency towards 
a removal of the fresh cow trade from the city, as the 
large swill stables—those mills which grind cows up in 
about one year—are broken up. More country, and less 
city, produced milk is now used. The few good fresh 
cows sent in bring better prices, an advance in beef 
adding to the market value of cows. Very poor cows are 
selling at $45®$55, fair to good at $70@.$S5, and prime 
to extras $90@$110.Calves.—Fell off to 11c. for 
tlie best, with heavy receipts of dressed, and bad wea¬ 
ther forcing them to a quick sale. Now, prime 1251b.® 
16011). milk calves are worth 12c., with ordinary to fair at 
Sc.@llc. Grass, or hay calves of large size, sell at 414c.® 
6!4c., or $10@$15 each.Sliecp.—The few lambs 
now sent in are generally weighed with, and sold at the 
same price as the sheep. In fact there is little call for 
lambs alone. The demand runs upon extra holiday 
sliecp, and some lots of 1501b.@1605). long-wool Canada 
sheep are selling at 8;4c.@9c. per 5)., live weight. One 
lot of 125 head, averaging 157%B>s., went at 9c. Poor 
sheep are neglected; a car very thin, 61 lbs., selling at 4c. 
Most sales are from 5c.@6>4c., and the market is very 
good.Swine.—These run down soon after last 
report, live selling at 7c.@754c., hut with lighter receipts 
just now, and cold weather, they vary from 7%c.®7%c. 
The iveights are too heavy to suit the fresh trade. Hogs 
are unusually fat this season. The bulk are still sold 
after killing, and range from S9£c. for 200®>s. and up, to 
914c. for ISOlbs., and 9%c.@10c. for 120fi>.@.1601b. pigs. 
The ^ Jersey Agricultural So¬ 
ciety Record lias been received through the Secre¬ 
tary. It contains a list of all the prizes awarded at the 
last (12tli) Annual Exhibition, together with the address 
of lion. Orestes Cleveland and a list of the officers. 
