176 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[May, 
Tlie roosting and laying rooms are immediately 
in the rear of the grapery. In figure 2, we give 
a ground plan of a portion of the structure, the 
rest being merely a repetition of the parts here 
experience has taught him that for market and 
fancy poultry, his present breeds are decidedly 
favorites. His birds are kept perfectly pure, 
and from August to the middle of October the 
■ELEVATION OF MR. WARREN’S FOWL-HOUSE. 
represented. In the plan, A , A, A, are apart¬ 
ments in the grapery; B, B, B, are the roosting 
and laying rooms, which are in an addition at the 
rear of the grapery, the end of which is seen in 
figure 1. These roosting rooms are 8 x 10. 
Between these and the apartments in the grap- 
HG —i 
Q t- 
Fig. 2. —SECTION OF PORTION OF FOWL-HOUSE. 
ery are the self-feeding bins, filled with the 
different kinds of grain, and so arranged that 
each bird may have a bin to itself. When the 
fowls are let into the glass run in the morning, 
the bins are opened, and remain so until their 
appetites are satisfied; they are then closed 
until toward night, when food is again offered. 
Figure 3 shows a single feeding bin, and in 
figure 4, which represents the interior of the 
apartments in the grapery, the bins are seen in 
place. The roosting rooms have board floors ; 
those in the grapery are earth. Figure 5 shows 
the interior ofthe roosting and laying apartments, 
ooking towards the grapery. The roosts are 18 
inches from the floor, and are 4 inches wide. The 
nest-boxes are just over the feed-bins, three feet 
from the floor, and are reached by steps. The 
roosting apartments are ventilated by openings 
above the nests; these connect with the grapery, 
which has a row of ventilators extending its 
whole length. The building is so arranged 
that a wheel-barrow can be run its entire length 
for the purpose of cleaning. At the north of the 
building are yards, D, B, D , figure 2, where the 
birds run during summer. These yards are 
10 x 26 feet, and each pro¬ 
vided with a covered dust- 
shed, figure 4. About the 
middle of March the fowls 
are shut out of the grapery, 
the partitions removed, and 
the vines made ready for the 
season. Beyond the small 
yards are large grass runs, 
Fig. 3.— feed-bin. A 1 , fig. 2, where the fowls are 
allowed to forage for a few hours each day. The 
stock consists wholly of Light and Dark Brahmas 
and Buff Cochins. Mr. Warren’s experience is 
that these are the most profitable varieties, and 
has spared no expense in procuring the best 
blood to be found. In laying qualities, quiet 
■disposition, and hardiness, they are unequaled. 
He had no success with the French breeds, and 
hens are kept entirely separate from the cocks. 
The setting-house occupies the cellar under 
the barn, and is capable of setting 150 hens; to 
the north of the barn, are large runs, well shaded 
with numerous storm-houses, where the pullets 
and cockerels are raised, the two sexes being 
j .__ separated as soon as they 
can be selected ; they are 
allowed a large field range, 
and commodious roosting- 
places. Last fall he had 
some 650 birds, and up to 
the last of September was 
still hatching. His birds 
were all free from disease, 
and fine,vigorouschickens. 
Mr. Warren is now ex¬ 
perimenting with a new in¬ 
cubator, and has succeeded 
in hatching chickens, and 
before another season he 
will improve on his present plan. Experience has 
shown him that it is practicable to rear chickens, 
artificially. Connected with this extensive es¬ 
tablishment are two sheds, which open to the 
VARD 
breeding of choice animals to disturb the usual 
law of demand and supply. Like any other 
article in the market, they are worth just what 
they will bring. The scrub cow is good for beef 
and milk, and it does not add a cent to 
her value that she can reproduce her 
kind, for thousands of her kind are every 
year deaconed, and the flesh is fed to 
swine or thrown away. If she is a good 
milker she is worth sixty dollars as a new 
milch cow, if that is the market price of 
the article. If she will make five hundred 
pounds of beef, she is worth eight cents a 
pound live weight, if that is the market 
price. You can get as many asyoulike at 
that price. But the thorough-bred is prized for 
different qualities altogether. If known to be a 
barren animal, she is worth no more than a scrub 
of the same weight. If she can reproduce her 
kind, every good quality in her is enhanced in 
value. We are ready to pay for her pedigree, 
Fig. 4.— INTERIOR OF APARTMENTS IN GRAPERY. 
south, 60 x 13 each, where hens and chickens 
are protected fromstorms, etc., and are kept un¬ 
til old enough to put with their several classes. 
The whole management and arrangements of 
this establishment are most complete, and it is 
probably the largest and 
best paying poultry-yard in 
this country. From the 
very start, the establishment 
has given a liberal return. 
High Prices for Thor¬ 
ough-bred Animals. 
To a man, who deals in 
scrub cattle, worth fifty dol¬ 
lars a head, it seems an 
enormous price to pay two 
hundred dollars for a herd- 
book animal, and six hundred is deemed a clear 
case of extortion. But there is nothing in the 
Fig. 6.—DUSTING-BIN. 
her beauty of form, her capacity to make beef 
economically, to produce a large flow of milk, 
or to make rich butter and cheese. These extra 
qualities are the result of care in breeding; they 
represent capital lavishly spent, and skill in the 
breeder, acquired by long years of experience. 
He has in the carcass of his 
thorough-bred animal a ma¬ 
chine for the production of 
certain economical results, 
which has cost him large 
sums of money. If he can 
show that he can produce 
these results with a fair share 
of uniformity, he is entitled 
to an extra price for his thor¬ 
ough-bred animal. There is 
no doubt that the skillful 
breeder can do this. A 
shorthorn bull at his price is 
cheaper for a farmer who 
wants to raise beef in the 
blue-grass region, than a 
scrub bull at any price. It is 
the confidence which farmers have that thor- 
ough-breds will transmit their good qualities that 
leads to the steady demand for them. A breeds 
them, it may be, to sell to B at a fancy price. But 
B would not want them, unless he could sell to 
Fig. 5.— INTERIOR OF ROOSTING AND LAYING APARTMENTS. 
C, Who is engaged in raising beef cattle, and 
has found out that grade shorthorns will save a 
