303 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[June, 
Contents for June, 1871. 
An Eg" Farm.209 
Apparatus for Cooling Cream. Illustrated ..216 
A Scraper, or Ground Leveler.2 Illustrations. .217 
Berkshire Pigs. Illustrated.. 220 
Bottle for Cosing Animals. Illustrated ..216 
Boys and Girls’ Columns.—Fishing—Aunt Sue’s Puz¬ 
zle Box—Just Hatched.3 Illustrations.. 227-228 
Butter from Devonshire Cream.218 
Canada Snakeroot. Illustrated. 224 
Clustered Leucothoe. . Illustrated.. 224 
Dollar Steam-Engine.204 
Don’t Sow too Early.222 
Early Cabbages, Cauliflowers, and Lettuce.209 
Essential Implements.224 
Farm Work for June.202 
Fat-tailed and Fat-rumped Sheep. Illustrated.. 213 
Field Culture of Lima Beans. 221 
Flower Garden and Lawn in June.204 
Fruit Garden in June. 203 
Gardening in Iowa.222 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in June.204 
Hardy Pear-stocks. 224 
Hay-rack for Farm-wagon.2 Illustrations.. 217 
Head of Jersey Bull “ Waehusett ”. Illustrated.. 201 
Household Department—A Revolving Grater—Home 
Topics—Portable Clothes-Drying Posts—Hints on 
Canning Fruit—Washing Dishes—Corn Bread—Car¬ 
rie’s Pudding—Refreshing Summer Drink .5 111.. 225-226 
Kitchen Garden in June. 203 
Large Turkeys and Turkey Breeding.205 
Management of Clover Hay.219 
Manure in Illinios.215 
Market Reports.204 
Meat-flies and Fly-blows. Illustrated.. 213 
Mineral Fertilizers.5 Illustrations. .218-219 
Mr. Crozier’s Pig-pens.3 Illustrations.. 216 
Mulching. 223 
Ogden Farm Papers No. 18.—Work on the Farm— 
Seed for Grass, Vetches, Peas, Oats, etc.—Carrots 
and Mangels—Transplanting Mangels — Potatoes 
and Cabbages for Sale.211 
Orchard and Nursery in June.203 
Premiums.205 
Riding on Horseback, No. 4. 3 Illustrations. .212 
Sowing and Curing Corn Fodder.219 
Sweet Potatoes.223 
The Art of Making Good Butter. 217 
The Cabbage Pest. 223 
Tlie Rhodora. Illustrated. .221 
The Robin. 223 
Training and Pruning the Tomato. Illustrated. .222 
Variegated Crown Imperials. Illustrated.. 221 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 90—How to 
Kill Docks—Tlie Cheapest Fertilizers—How to Use 
Muck — Cotswold and South-Down Siieep — Steel 
Plows—High Wages.214-215 
INDEX TO “BASKET,” OK SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Bark Louse.208 
Bells on Sheep.207 
Bloody Milk. 
Bone Mills. 
Bone Spavin. 
Brushing Peas. 
Buckwheat. 
Chicken Cholera_ 
....207 
.... 200 , 
....200 
....208! 
....258 
....207 
Colorado Agricultural So¬ 
ciety.207 
Composts.208 
Corn Husking Machines.207 
Currant Worm.208 
Dark Brahma Fowls.207 
Diseased Fowls.207 
Does Farming Pay ?.208 
Double Furrow Plow... .207 
Double Head of Rye;.207 
Exhibition at Jersey.208 
Fattening Cattle and 
Hogs in Illinois.207 
Feeding Horses accord¬ 
ing to Work.207 
Feeding Milch Cows. . 208 
Fruit-Trees in Gardens..208 
Ilalf-a-Year Now.208 
High Priced Seeds.207 
Hoop Poles.207 
“ Hybrid,” Rabbit and 
Cat.208 
Improved Stock.208 
Large Eggs.207 
Management of Colts... .208 
Messrs. B. Fox & Co.207 
Milk Escutcheon.209 
Milk Fever.206 
Peas on Sod Land. 207 
Potato Bug.207 
Purity of Plaster.207 
Sage’s Vinegar Recipe.. .206 
Spurious Eggs for Hatch¬ 
ing..207 
Strawberry Show at Eliz¬ 
abeth.209 
Sundry Humbugs.206 
That Mexican Saddle... .207 
Tree-Planting in Illinois.207 
Warts on Horses.206 
Watering Tomatoes.207 
Which Breed of Cattle is 
Best ?.206 
Will Clover, Peas, and 
Beans produce Milk 
with more Cheese? etc.207 
Calendar for June. 
-- 
Boston. NEng- 
N. Y. City, Ct. 
Washington, 
land, N. 
York 
Philadelphia, 
Maryland, 
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State . Michi- 
New Jersey, 
Virginia Ken- 
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Ohio. 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. 
BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
W-VSIl’N. 
cha’ston 
CHICAGO. 
P. 
H. M. 
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3 
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1 31 m. 
1 19 m 
1 7 ill. 
0 37 m. 
3(1 Quart... 
9 
7 53 ev. 
7 41 ev. 
7 29 ev. 
7 17 ev. 
0 47 ev. 
New Moon 
17 
9 45 ev. 
9 33 ev. 
9 21 ev. 
9 9 ev. 
8 39 ev. 
1st Quart. 
25 
6 0 ev. 
5 48 ev. 
5 36 ev. 
5 24 ev. 
4 54 ev. 
A 'IVIawg-tilar Marrow. —A correspond¬ 
ent sends us a drawing and description of a triangular 
harrow which he has constructed. It does not differ es¬ 
sentially from the well-known Geddes harrow. For a 
heavy harrow, and for working among stumps, the tri¬ 
angular foam has manifest advantages. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, JUNE, 1871. 
We have had a remarkably favorable and early 
spring for getting in wheat, barley, oats, and peas, 
and it is probable that an unusually large breadth 
of wheat and oats have been sown. For a year or 
two past oats have proved a more profitable crop 
than barley, and many farmers who usually sow 
barley have this year sown oats instead. In the 
great spring wheat sections of Wisconsin, Illinois, 
and Minnesota, the crop was sown unusually early 
and in good condition, and the prospects, so far, are 
highly favorable for a large yield. As a rule, also, 
winter wheat looks well. 
The early spring has given farmers an unusually 
long season for plowing; and tlie presumption is 
that they have availed themselves of it, and that a 
large area has been, or will be, planted to corn and 
potatoes. It is true that high wages have induced 
a good many farmers to leave their operations. 
But on the whole we can hardly doubt that a large 
breadth has been planted, and that the cultivation 
and harvesting will require as much labor as 
hitherto, and consequently high wages must still 
be paid. The country will prosper, though those 
who work for farmers will do better than the 
farmers themselves. And there is no remedy for 
this unsatisfactory condition of affairs except in 
better farming—that is, in raising as much grain 
on half a million acres as wc now do on a million. 
Mints about Work. 
Com .—Small early varieties may still be planted. 
Soak the seed in 6oft water for 34 hours, and if the 
ground is warm, moist, and mellow, the plants will 
be up in a few days. The great business of the 
corn-grower this month is to cultivate, cultivate, 
cultivate. Something may still be done by appl^ ing 
plaster, or plaster, ashes, and lien-dung, mixed, on 
the young plants in the hill; but the main reliance 
now is on the cultivator. There was much sod land 
plowed early this spring for corn, and not a little 
of it was planted while the soil was cold and sod¬ 
den underneath. In such eases a good crop can 
only be expected by deep and thorough cultivation. 
Anil the implement should be of the best kind— 
one that wiH not slip over the hard spots. Many 
are not sufficiently careful on this latter point. 
The loose soil that needs the least cultivation gets 
the most, while the clay spots that need the most 
get the least. It canuot be too often repeated that 
there is an immense advantage in starting the cul¬ 
tivator the moment the rows can be distinguished. 
If necessary, set the cultivator very narrow, and go 
only once in a row, and as deep as it can be rnn 
without tearing up the sod too much. In a few 
days run closer to the plants; and if the rows are 
not absolutely straight, it may be necessary, in 
order to get closer to the plants, to go twice in a 
row. Less hoeing and more cultivating should be 
the motto of tlie corn-grower. Clean and thorough 
cultivation will often add one-third to the yield of 
the corn, and the land will be in far better con¬ 
dition for the following crops of grain and grass. 
Potatoes .—We believe in early planting, especially 
for Pcachblows nud other late-growing varieties. 
But we have had good crops of Flukes and other 
early kinds planted as late as the first week in 
June. Where potatoes were planted early and 
deep, a harrow run over the land just as the po¬ 
tatoes are breaking tlie crust, will destroy millions 
of small weeds without pulling up one potato in a 
thousand. Tlie cultivator should be used as early, 
as deep, and as frequently as possible, and con¬ 
tinued until there is danger of disturbing the roots 
or tubers. 
Plaster or Gypsum may still be sown with advan¬ 
tage on clover, corn, peas, etc. Where the sowing 
costs more than tlie plaster, put on two or three 
bushels per acre; but when plaster is dear, we 
should not sow more than a bushel per acre. 
Beans .—Drill in the beans on good, clean land, 
or on clover sod, feet apart, and 10 inches 
apart in the rows, and say 4 beans in a hill; or 
drill in the beans 2 or 3 inches apart in the rows. 
The latter plan sometimes gives the largest yield, 
but it is more work to hoe and pull the crop. 
Beans may be sown as late as the middle of the 
month, but the earlier in the month the better. 
Root Crops .—If not already sown, beets, mangels, 
parsnips, and carrots should be put in at once. It 
is a waste of labor and expense to sow any of these 
crops, except tlie land is rich, clean, and mellow. 
Mangels will produce an immense quantity of val¬ 
uable food per acre, but they require the richest of 
land. A good plan is to mark off the rows 27 
inches apart (or tlie width of tlie wagon wheels), 
and ridge up the land, and then put 25 or 30 loads 
of well-rotted manure per acre in tlie rows, spread¬ 
ing it evenly and breaking up tlie lumps; then 
split the rows and cover up the manure; then roll 
down the ridges and drill in the seed, at the rate of 
5 lbs. per acre. As soon as tlie plants can be seen, 
run the cultivator between tlie rows, and thin out 
the plants a foot apart. Many of the English 
growers prefer to dibble in the seed 15 inches 
apart, putting two or three seeds in each hill. 
This is done to save labor in hoeing. And it has 
another advantage—you can soak the seed for 24 
or 36 hours before planting, thus gaining several 
days tlie start of the weeds. 
Ruta-bagas need not be sown before the middle 
or end of tlie month. Same preparation as for 
mangels. Never sow them broadcast. Let the 
land be clean, mellow, and rich, and drill in the 
seed at the rate of 2 lbs. per acre, on the fresh- 
stirred, moist soil. Thin out to 10 inches or a foot 
apart. There is no remedy for the fly. Thick 
seeding, aud pushing the plants rapidly forward by 
the use of superphosphate, will greatly lessen the 
chances of injury. On a small scale, something 
may be done by dusting slaked lime or plaster on 
aud under the plants when the dew is on. Plaster 
is good for the crop, and lime will not hurt it. 
Corn for soiling .—Select land near the barn-yard, 
and make it as rich as possible. It cannot be too 
rich. Never sow this crop broadcast. Prepare 
the land, and mark it one way as for other corn; 
then drill in the seed, at the rate of 4 bushels pel 
acre; or if you have no drill, plow out a shallow 
furrow, and sow the seed in the furrow—say a pint 
to flfteen or twenty yards. Keep the land clean 
and mellow by the frequent use of the cultivator. 
