204, 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[Juke, 
repay a liberal supply of manure, and a watering of 
liquid manure once a week is of great advantage. 
Lettuce .—Transplant from the seed-beds; seed 
may be sown in a cool and partially shady spot. 
Melons need the same care as cucumbers. 
Onions need a great deal of attention in weeding. 
A push-hoe is a very useful implement to loosen 
the soil and destroy the weeds. Give the bed a 
dressing of salt or ashes. 
Parsnips must be kept clear of weeds until the 
tops cover the ground. Seeds planted early this 
month will give a fair crop in most localities. 
Peas may yet be planted for late use, though they 
are usually affected by mildew. Ground from 
which the early sorts have been removed can be 
planted with cabbages or celery. 
Radishes can be sown now for late use, though 
they are usually tough and stringy put in so late. 
Rhubarb should not be cut severely after the 
small fruits begin to ripen, but allowed to rest; 
give a supply of manure ; keep all Uower-stalks cut. 
Ruta-bayas .—Sow this month, and when the plants 
are well up, dust with ashes to keep off insects. 
Salsify , if sown now, will produce fair roots, but 
not so large as that sown earlier; the treatment is 
the same as for carrots. 
Spinach .—Spade up the ground where the early 
crop has been taken off, and if the soil is not too 
dry, sow a bed for late use ; the later sown crop is 
very liable to run to seed. New Zealand spinach 
is the best for late. 
jobbing way. The export call has been mainly for 
Wheat, Corn, and low grades of Flour. Prices have 
been variable, but close steadily, as a rule. The advance 
in ocean freights has been against the export movement. 
....Cotton has been more active, closing strong and 
buoyant in price... .There has been a moderate business 
reported in Provisions, generally at lower rates... .Wool 
has been offered sparingly and has been in fair request at 
firmer prices _Hay has been in better supply and 
quoted cheaper, on a moderate trade. Straw has been 
scarce and in demand at an advance... .Hops and Seeds 
have been quiet... .Tobacco has been rather more sought 
after at our quoted rates. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
May 15, 1871, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TUANS ACTIONS AT TIIK NEW-YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Hue. Bariev. Oats. 
as days this m'lb.225,000 875,000 664.000 26,000 129,000 147.000 
26 days last m’tli.261,000 413,000 827,000 13,000 121,000 293,000 
Sacks. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Bariev. Oats. 
25 days this nVth.254,000 1,517,000 1,281,000 31,000 216,000 908,000 
26 days last ni’tli.283,000 1,413,000 1,336,000 25,000 297,000 795,000 
3. Comparison with same period at this lime last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
25 days 1871.225,000 875,000 664,000 26,000 129,000 147.000 
25 days 1870.231,000 986,000 243,500 12,500 139,000 230,000 
Sat.es. Flour. Wheat. Corn. llye. Barley. Oats. 
25 days 1871...251,000 1,517,000 1,281,000 31.000 216,000 908,000 
25 days 1870...243,000 2,411,000 1,170,000 20,0,0 151,000 1,200,000 
3. Exports from Few York, Jan. 1 to May 15 : 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Barley. Oats. 
1871.670,233 3,641,590 1,748,021 17,358 77,902 12,541 
1870.633,515 4,003,651 119,022 6,709 - 1,087 
1869.337,389 2,643,800 1,173,235 - 39,583 
18GS.319,202 1,708,175 2,909,014 153,093 - 36,469 
4. Stock of grain in store at Mew York. 
Sweet Potatoes should be planted on ridges as re¬ 
commended last month. Keep the ground clear of 
weeds. 
Tomatoes .—Set out plants and keep them well 
cultivated and clear of worms. 
STowcr^Garden and I.awn. 
The cultivator is supplied with plenty of flowers 
from the garden, but weeds also make their appear¬ 
ance in great numbers, requiring constant care to 
keep them down. The lawR needs to be cut at 
least once a week, and if weeds make their appear¬ 
ance, destroy as soon as seen. 
Bulbs which have finished flowering ought to be 
taken up and put away in a dry place, and the 
ground occupied by bedding plants or annuals. 
Annuals .—Those sown in the seed-beds milst be 
transplanted into fine, rich soil. 
Herbaceous Perennials may be set out early this 
month, if not already done ; divide and reset those 
that have done blooming. 
Tie up all plants which need support, and sup¬ 
ply neat labels to all requiring them. 
Greciihouse and Window Plants. 
Plants which are to remain in the greenhouse 
during the summer require shading, and this is 
best furnished by whitewashing the glass. 
Azaleas and Camellias ought to be put out in a 
shady place, and if they can be plunged in the soil, 
it will save a great deal of time in watering during 
hot weather. 
Insects must be destroyed whenever they attack 
plants in the greenhouse. 
Soil .—Now is the time to prepare a stock of soil 
for use next winter and spring. Pile up sods, and 
if possible, empty house slops upon the heap turn¬ 
ing it over once in two or three weeks. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
Gold has been quoted firmer, since our last, on a more 
active inquiry, chiefly for Custom House and export pur¬ 
poses. The quotation, May 15, was 111%_The Bread¬ 
stuff movement lias been up to a fair average, though 
checked by the break in the Erie Canal, near Rochester, 
which delayed the arrival of fresh supplies from the 
Lakes. The receipts by rail have been quite liberal of 
Wheat and Corn, though moderate of other articles. The 
home trade demand has been good, though mostly in a 
1871. 
1870. 
Dec. 15. 
Nov. 9. 
Oct. 10. 
Sept. 12,.. 
Wheat, 
Corn, 
Bye, 
Barley, 
Oats, 
jralt. 
bush. 
bush. 
bush. 
busli. 
bush. 
bush. 
. 283.700 
259.215 
160,734 
50,725 
376,226 
171.933 
. 811,871 
180,947 
150,964 
164,393 
709,363 
171 S97 
.1,523,785 
204,388 
150,514 
329.319 
1,133,897 
218,231 
.2,203.677 
311.47! 
148,498 
481,863 
1,409,995 
215,124 
.3,685,11(5 
272,618 
157,730 
554,491 
1,736,936 
216,394 
. .3,060,762 
208,319 
148,009 
500,397 
2,085,137 
231,129 
. .2,092,900 
300,000 
116,800 
400.400 
2,125,000 
_ 
.1,809,921 
476,544 
53,391 
184,803 
1,679,658 
237,453 
.1,387,487 
761,891 
50,869 
107,474 
1,053,079 
130,881 
.1,438,876 
589.973 
25.137 
106,101 
691,766 
119,046 
.1,281.913 
483,540 
28,816 
93,600 
655,068 
109,478 
. 706.178 
69,845 
21,891 
91,630 
488,143 
108,775 
. 1.158,052 
110,829 
20,502 
126.043 
440,517 
83,000 
.1,845,186 
285,916 
23,249 
187,172 
756,Sll 
99.9S8 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
Price of Gold.. 
Flour—S uper to Extra State! 
Super to Extra Southern_ 
Extra Western. 
Extra Genesee. 
Superfine Western. 
Eye Flour . 
Corn-.M hal.. 
Wheat—A ll binds of White.. 
All kinds or Red and Amber. 
Corn— Fellow . 
Mixed.. . 
Oats— Western .. 
State •. 
Eye .. . 
Barley ... 
Hay—B ale ifl 100 16s. 
Straw, 19 100 Its. 
Cotton—M iddlings, ?! K>... 
Hops—C rop of 1370.78 lb. 
Feathers—L ive Geese, 18 lb 
Seed—G lover, 78 lb . 
Timothy, 18 bushel. 
Flax, ?! bushel. 
Sugar—B rown, 78 lb . 
Molasses. Cuba. ?!gal. 
Coffee— Eio, (Gold, in bond) 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &e„?Hb. 
Seed Leal, 78 lb . 
Wool—D omestic Fleece,78 lb. 
Domestic, pulled, 78 lb. 
California, unwashed,. 
Tallow, ft lb . 
Oil-Cake— ft ton . 39 50 @42 50 
Pork—M ess, ft barrel. 19 50 @19 75 
Prime, 78 barrel . 16 75 @17 25 
Beef—P lain mess. ... 10 00 @15 00 
Lari), in tres. & barrels, ?! lb. 
Butter—S tate, 78 lb. 
Western, 7? lb . 
Cheese . .. .. 
Beans— 78 bushel. 
Peas—C anada, free, 78 bu_ 
Eggs—F resh, ft dozen . 
Poultry—D ressed Fowls_ 
Turkeys, dressed, ?! lb. 
Geese,?!lb. . 
Ducks, ?! pair. 
Potatoes, 78 bbl. 
Sweet Potatoes, 78 bbl. 4 
Turnips—?! bbl. 1 
Garbages—78 100. 
Onions— 78 bbl.. . 
Cranberries—?! bbl_ 
Broom-corn— 78 lb. . 
Apples— 78 barrel. 1 
Neiv*York I.ivc-Sfock Markets. 
WEEK ENDING. 
April 17th__ 5,226 
April 24th. 7,087 
May 1st. 7,514 
May 8th. 6,644 
May 15th.7,88“ 
Total in 5 Weeks _34,9" 
CioforprevA Weeks 24,998 
Ap 
ril 15. 
Maj 
r 15. 
110% 
111% 
G 
15 
@ 
7 
25 
5 
40 
© 
7 00 
6 
00 
@11 
00 
5 
65 
9 75 
6 
50 
@10 
00 
6 
00 
9 75 
7 
25 
@ 
9 
00 
7 
00 
© 
8 75 
G 
15 
@ 
6 
55 
5 
40 
© 
5 90 
4 
25 
@ 
6 
15 
4 
20 
© 
6 10 
3 
50 
@ 
4 
45 
3 
25 
© 
4 20 
1 
65 
@ 
2 
00 
1 
00 
@ 
1 90 
1 
45 
@ 
1 
70 
1 
32 %@ 
1 62 
78 
@ 
80 
8L 
@ 
83 
75 
@ 
78 
79 
@ 
82 
66 
@ 
71 
65 
70 
67 'A® 
70 
67%@ 
69 
95 
@ 
1 
18 
1 
05 
@ 
1 21 
85 
@ 
1 
18 
75 
@ 
1 20 
1 
15 
@ 
1 
50 
1 
00 
@ 
1 45 
75 
@ 
1 
35 
80 
@ 
1 65 
14%@ 
15 y z 
15%@ 
16% 
6 
@ 
12 
6 
@ 
12 
65 
@ 
75 
65 
© 
75 
10 
@ 
10^ 
9 %@ 
9% 
6 
25 
@ 
6 
50 
3 
50 
© 
4 00 
2 
15 
@ 
2 
25 
2 
12%@ 
2 20 
7 a 
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10 K 
8%@ 
10% 
20 
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© 
45 
10 
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13M 
10 
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6 
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11 
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11 
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© 
70 
13 
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© 
57 
47 
@ 
57 
25 
43 
28 
@ 
52 
26 
® 
33 
20 
@ 
SS 
8%@ 
9 
8 'A® 
9 
39 50 @42 50 
17 00 @17 25 
14 00 @15 00 
10 00 @15 00 
10%@ 
11% 
10U® 
11% 
15 
@ 
43 
12 
@ 
35 
12 
@ 
33 
10 
@ 
28 
5 
@ 
16 
8 
@ 
15 
75 
@ 3 20 
75 
@ 
3 
10 
1 
50 
@ 1 
L 55 
1 
-10 
@ 
1 
45 
14 
@ 
17 
15 
@ 
17 
15 
@ 
18 
16 
@ 
17 
15 
@ 
18 
16 
@ 
17 
12 
@ 
16 
13 
® 
16 
1 
00 
® 1 
l 25 
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75 
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25 
6 
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5 
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3 
00 
@ 
— 
— 
@ 
— 
5 
00 
@ 9 
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8 
00 
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6 
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4 
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4 
75 
Beeves. 
Cows 
. Calves. 
. Sheep. 
Swine. 
Tot'l. 
65 
3,543 
15.055 
9,415 
33,301 
. 7,087 
51 
3,618 
13,614 
13,610 
38,640 
74 
3,968 
17,050 
18,405 
47.011 
,. 6,644 
83 
5,263 
19,064 
15,515 
47,169 
. 7,886 
88 
4,8T0 
18,273 
20,290 
51,418 
.34,957 
361 
21,298 
83,686 
77.241 217,542 
S 24,998 
346 
7,059 
77,962 
51,908 : 
162,273 
Average per Week . 
do. do. last Month. 
do. do. prev's Month. 
Average per Week, 1870. 
Average per Week, 1869. 
do. do. do. 1868 
do. do. do. 1867. 
do. do. do. 1866. 
do. do do. 1S65. 
Total in 1869. 
Total in 1868..-... 
Total in 1867. 
Total in 1S66. 
Total in 1865. 
Total in 1804. 
Beeves. 
...6,991 
...6,249 
....5,843 
6,847 
6,275 
5,733 
5,514 
5,748 
5,255 
.326,2S0 
.29S.128 
,293,832 
298,880 
270,274 
267,009 
Cows. 
72 
86 
69 
97 
92 
105 
64 
94 
118 
4,827 
5,166 
3,369 
4,885 
6,161 
7,603 
Calves. 
4,259 
1,765 
915 
2,240 
1,752 
1,588 
1,320 
1,200 
1,500 
91,033 1 
82.571 1, 
69,911 l, 
62.420 1, 
71,991 
75,621 
Sheep. 
16,737 
19,490 
20,070 
28,151 
28,836 
27,182 
22,154 
20,000 
16,091 
,499,500 
,413,479 
,174.154 
, 010,000 
836,733 
732,462 
Swine. 
15,448 
12,977 
12,256 
17,108 
15,348 
18,809 
20,605 
13,000 
11,023 
798,199 
978,001 
1,102,643 
672,000 
573,190 
660,277 
Beef Cattle. —With an average of 742 more cattle 
per week than were received the previous month, and 
881 above the average for the corresponding period of 
1870, the market rules weak, and prices have a down¬ 
ward tendency. The fine corn crop of last year at the 
West, now shows itself upon the stock coming forward. 
There are abundance of ripe cattle without waiting for 
the grass to fatten them. In fact, it is a common remark 
among butchers that cattle never did so well at this sea¬ 
son of the year. There is one great drawback to the 
butcher, however, and that is the low price of rough fat, 
so that the more a bullock has, the more are the other 
portions reduced in value. High prices are not looked 
for this spring. Taken as a whole, the market does not 
differ materially- from what it was five weeks ago, only 
we are not getting so poor cattle as were then sent in. 
Even tlie Texans are fat, and the scallawag, State, dry 
cows, old oxen and stags, are kept at home, as it does 
not pay to send them here. 
Below we give the range of prices, average price, and 
figures at which large lots were sold : 
Apr. 17th,ranged 11 @15%c. Large sales 12%@14 c. Ay. 13% 
do. 24th, do. 10%@15%c. do. dc. 13 @14 c. do. 13% 
May 1st, do. 11 @15 c. do. do. 12%@13%c. do. I3jj 
do. 8th, do. U%@15 c. do. do. 13 @14 c. do. 13% 
do. 15th, do. II @15 c. do. do. 13 @13%c. do. 13)4 
Milch Cows. —The offerings of fresh cows and 
springers have been light, the demand not calling for 
them. Trade has ruled very dull until within the past 
week, when it has picked up a little. If only good cows 
were sent here, they would sell, but the stock runs very 
poor. The presumption is that good cows are wanted at 
home for the opening of the butter and cheese season, 
while nearly worthless stock is sent here for sale. Com¬ 
mon cows are quoted at $50@$60 each ; medium to good, 
$70@$80, with a few prime at $00@$1.00. Calves.— 
Here we have a great increase in numbers, the present 
being the season of their greatest abundance. The ar¬ 
rivals would be still larger but for the low rates which 
induce farmers to hold them back. Those known as 
“ buttermilk calves ” will only sell at 4@Gc. per lb., live 
weight, while fair to good calves from Central N. T.. 
bring 7@Sc., and those from near the city. S@!)c. A pen 
of 92 State calves, 127 lbs., just sold at 7%e... .Slieep 
and Lambs.— Spring lambs are now coming forward 
in considerable quantities ; and have declined from 18 to 
20c. per lb., to 12@15c., some poor ones selling still low¬ 
er. There is not much difference in the price of sheep, 
from what they were quoted last month. Nearly all the 
stock is now shorn. Wool skins help materially to sell 
a lot of sheep, the pelts being in good demand. Ordina¬ 
ry to fair sheared sheep sell at 5@6J4c. per lb., live 
weight, good to prime at G‘,4@7c., with a few extras at 
7>4C. Lambs are quoted at ll@15c.—the latter price for 
55®60 lb. Jersey stock Swine, —Receipts have been 
unusually large for the spring months, and trade has 
dragged heavily at constantly declining rates. Most of 
the hogs are first killed and then sold, but live hogs are 
worth 5%@5%c., with city slaughtered at 7@7%c., being 
a falling off of lc. per lb. during the month. 
The Dollar Steam-Emgisic—:CJive it 
to tlie Boys !—In a former paper, we described and 
illustrated this useful (oy, and strongly commended it, 
after a trial of a few weeks. After a much longer 
experience, we can still more strongly commend it, not 
only for small boys, but for grown np ones, too. We 
confess to having played with it not a little ourselves, 
and to have helped onr boys to add sundry little mechani¬ 
cal contrivances. It is a perfect little engine that will 
not only go itself, but has power enough to drive other 
toys. It gives pleasure to tlie operator, while it conveys 
instruction and develops mechanical skill. As pre¬ 
viously announced, we have secured a supply for pre¬ 
miums,one being given for three subscribers to American 
Agriculturist, at $1.50 each a year, or for two subscribers 
to Hearth and Home, at $3 each a year. And to make it 
more convenient, we will, for a month or two, give one 
of the engines for one subscriber to each of tlie papers, 
at $4.50 a year for the two. It will he mailed anywhere 
in the United States and Territories if 3G cents he sent 
for purpose of postage. Any subscriber, however, can 
have one for $1.00 at the Office, or have one mailed, post¬ 
paid, to his address for $1.36. Nothing is needed to set 
the engine in motion after it arrives hut to put water in 
the boiler, raid a little alcohol for the lamp under it. 
