AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[July, 
ed deep, and only the early varieties should be sown. 
Potatoes .—The early varieties may be harvested 
this month, and the space filled with late cabbages, 
lettuce, or turnips. 
Rhubarb .—Do not exhaust the plants by avow¬ 
ing them to throw up flower stalks. Give the beds 
a thick dressing of stable manure. 
Squashes .—Keep the plants free from weeds, and 
pinch the ends of the shoots that run too far. 
Sweet-Potatoes .—Do not allow the vines to root, 
hut move them often, and keep down all weeds. 
Seeds.— It is usually better to procure seeds from 
some reliable seedsman than to attempt to raise 
them. Where one grows his own seed, preserve 
only the best plants or roots. 
Tomatoes must be kept hoed until the vines are 
too large. Place brush or a mulch of hay around 
the plants to keep the fruit from the ground. 
Destroy the green worm which is so destructive. 
Turnips .—Sow for winter use. Keep the early 
sown varieties free from weeds, and thin. 
Weeds should be killed as soon as they appear 
above the surface; an iron rake is very effective, as 
is also a push hoe. 
Flower-Garden sintl Lawn, 
Everything in this department requires constant 
attention to ensure neatness. All tall growing 
plants must be tied to stakes or trellises, and dead 
flowers, weeds, etc., carefully removed. The lawn 
will need to be kept mowed so as to give it a soft,- 
Yelvety appearance. 
Annuals sown last month may be transplanted 
from the seed-bed to the flower garden, arranging 
the taller growing ones at the back side, and the 
low ones in front. 
Carnations should be tied up to neat stakes; 
make layers and cuttings. 
Dahlias growing in pots may be put out; set the 
stake at the same time, and keep carefully tied up 
during the summer. 
Gladiolus should be tied to stakes to prevent be¬ 
ing broken by high winds. 
Gravel walks .—Keep clear of all weeds, and where 
the gravel has become thin apply a new coating. 
The edges of the paths must be cut with an edging- 
iron to prevent grass from growing into the walk. 
Propagation .—Many of the ornamental shrubs 
may be propagated from cuttings of the new 
growth, set in a light soil in a shady place. 
Rhododendrons may be preserved from injury by 
the drouth by supplying them with a good mulch. 
Perennials .—Sow the seed of these as fast as they 
ripen in a light, rich soil. 
Potted Plants .—Do not allow plants in pots to 
suffer from dryness ; the best way is to plunge the 
pots in the soil. 
Roses .—Keep the climbing varieties tied to trel¬ 
lises. Layers may be made from the new growth 
this month. Use sulphur for mildew. 
Verbenas and other low growing bedding plants 
ought to be pegged down so as to give a better 
show of flowers, as well as fpr the sake of neatness. 
Weeds .—A constant fight must be kept up with 
the weeds; never allow a weed to grow among 
the flowers. 
Greenhouse and Window Plants, 
All plants left in the greenhouse or house ought 
to be carefully watered, and during tho middle of 
the day shaded. The shading in the greenhouse is 
best effected by means of whitewashing the glass. 
Give plenty of air during warm days. 
Budding may be performed whenever the bark of 
the shrubs will lift. 
Callas. —Re-pot after flowering, and give only a 
small quanity of water. 
Earth .—Get a stock of potting earth ready for 
winter use, and store in a cellar or damp place to 
prevent drying. 
Potting .—All cuttings which are rooted must be 
potted before they become drawn ; shade for a few 
days until established. 
Propagation .—Cuttings of plants wanted for win¬ 
ter blooming ought to be started in time to get 
well established before fall. 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
June 15,1871, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT T1IB NE1V-YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Tine. Bariev. Oats. 
27 days this m’tli.271,000 3,151,000 2,816.000 87,000 41.000 1,413,000 
25 days Last Ul’th.225,000 875,000 664.000 20,000 129,000 147,000 
Sacks. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Title. Bariev. Oats. 
27 days this m’th.247,000 2,745,000 2,933,000 65,000 23,000 1,156,000 
25 days test m’tli.254,000 1,517,000 1,281,000 31,000 216,000 908,000 
ti. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Bye. Bariev. Oats. 
27 (lavs 1871.271,000 3,151,000 2,816,000 87.000 41,000 1,413,000 
25 days 1870.361,000 2,389,000 664,000 263,000 201,000 817,000 
Sacks. Flour. Wheat. Corn. live. Barley. Oats. 
27 days 1871...247,1)00 2.745,000 2.933,000 65,000 23,0(10 1,156,000 
25 days 1S70.. .267,000 2,938,500 1,137,000 78,010 40,000 1,228,000 
3. Exports from New York, Jan. 1 to June 15: 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
1871.874,090 6,153,722 3,200,638 34,919 78,848 14,889 
1870.727,097 5,435,282 130,519 36,595 - 9,378 
1860.420,294 3,802,539 1,328,869 - 40,401 
1868.403,556 2,580,805 3,559,097 153,093 - 39,008 
4. Stock of grain in store at Neiv York. 
Wheat, Corn, Rye, Barley, Oats, Malt, 
1871. bush. bush. bush. hush. bush. bush. 
Juno 12. 230.330 
May 9 . 283,700 
April 10. 811,871 
March 13. ...1,523,785 
Feh. 13.2,203.677 
Jan. 16.3,685,116 
1870. 
Dec. 15.3,060,762 
Nov. 9.2,092,900 
Oct. 10.1,809,921 
Sept. 12.1,387,487 
Aug. 8.1,438,876 
duly 11.1,281,913 
Juue 7 . 706,478 
292,188 114,783 3.480 334,459 142,572 
259.245 160,734 50.725 376,226 171,933 
180,947 150,964 164,398 709.363 171 897 
204,388 150,514 329.319 1,133,897 218;231 
311.471 148,493 481,863 1,409,995 215,124 
272,618 157,730 551,491 1,736,936 216,394 
208,319 148,069 500,397 2,085,137 231,129 
300,000 116,800 400,400 2,125,000 - 
476,544 53,394 184,803 1,079,658 237,453 
761,891 50,869 107,474 1,053,079 130,881 
589.973 25.437 106,101 691,766 119,046 
483,540 28,816 98,600 655,068 109,478 
69,845 21,891 91,630 488,143 108,775 
5. 
Receipts at head of tide-icater at Albany each sea¬ 
son to June 8th ; 
Corn. Rye. Rarley. 
bush. 
Flour. Wheat. 
bbls. bush. 
bush. 
1871.... 
... .48,500 
2,511,500 
2,093,800 
38,200 
1870.... 
....33,400 
1,900,000 
127,700 
41,200 
1869.... 
... .28,500 
1,531,000 
718,000 
124,400 
1868.... 
... .65,700 
3,684,900 
3,297,400 
149,200 
1867 ... 
....17,100 
21,700 
592,100 
28,000 
1866.... 
... .34,200 
317,200 
2,090,700 
64,300 
1865.... 
....94,100 
547,900 
731,800 
51,000 
bush. 
29,700 
78,900 
11,800 
Oats. 
bush. 
593.500 
382.500 
519,600 
326.300 1,864,800 
28,200 276,500 
41,700 898,700 
111.300 1,944,300 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
May 15. 
Price op Gold. 111% 
Flour—S uper to Extra State 5 40 @ 7 00 4 
Super to Extra Southern_ 5 65 @ 9 75 
Extra Western.. 6 00 ® 9 75 
Extra Genesee. 7 00 @8 75 
Superfine Western.. 5 40 @5 90 
Uye Flour 
Corn-Meal. . 
Wheat— All kinds of White- 
All kinds of lied aucl Amber. 
Corn— Yellow. 
Mixei. 
Oats—W estern. 
State . 
Uye . 
Barley. 
IlAY-Bale W 100 u>s. 
Straw, ^4100 ms. 
Cotton— Middlings, $ lb. .. 
Hops—C rop of 1870, TfUb. 
Feathers— Live Geese, lb. 
Seed— Clover, 7ft lb . 
4 20 
6 10 
3 25 © 4 20 
1 60 @ 1 90 
1 32 %@ 1 62 
81 @ 83 
79 @ 82 
65 @ 70 
67 %@ 69 
1 05 @1 21 
75 @ 1 20 
1 00 @ 1 45 
80 @ 1 65 
15 %@ 16 % 
G @ 12 
65 @ 75 
9 %@ 9 % 
3 50 @ 4 00 
June j. 
113% 
' ® 7 00 
@10 25 
@10 25 
@ 8 75 
© 6 00 
@ 6 10 
@ 4 20 
@ 1 85 
@ 1 65 
@ 78 
@ 76 
@ 70 
66!^® 67% 
1 02%@ 1 15 
Nominal. 
1 00 @ 1 40 
85 @ 1 95 
20 %@ 20 % 
7 @ 13 
65 @ 75 
10 @ 10 % 
3 50 @ 4 00 
15 50 
6 75 
6 20 
7 10 
5 45 
4 20 
3 25 
1 GO 
1 45 
76 
69 
65 
Flax. ?t bushel. 
Sugar— Brown, 78 lb . 
Molasses. Cuba, (p gal. .... 
Coffee— Kio, (Gold, in bond) 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c„ 
Seed Leaf, 7ft lb . 
Wool— Domestic Fleece, 7? B>. 
Domestic, pulled, 7H 1b. 
California, unwashed,. 
Tallow, ^ lb . 
Pork— Mess, 70 barrel. 17 00 @17 25 
Prime, 79 barrel ... . 14 00 @15 00 
Beef— Plain mess. 10 00 @15 00 
Lard, in tres. & barrels, 7ft lb. 
Butter— State, $ lb. 
Western, $ lb. 
Cheese . ... 
Beans— $ lmshel. 
Peas—C anada, free, ?t bu. 
EGGS— Fresh. 79 dozen 
Poultry— hive Fowls— 
Turkeys, dressed, V lb. 
Geese, $|pair. 
12%@ 2 
! 20 
2 30 
@ 
2 45 
8%@ 
10% 
8%@ 
10% 
20 
@ 
45 
20 
@ 
45 
10 
® 
13% 
10 
@ 
13% 
5M@ 
11 
6 
@ 
12 
13 
@ 
70 
12 
@ 
70 
47 
@ 
57 
49 
@ 
60 
28 
® 
52 
33 
@ 
53 
20 
© 
38 
23 
@ 
30 
8%@ 
9 
8%@ 
9% 
50 
@42 50 
39 00 
@41 00 
15 50 @15 75 
12 75 @13 50 
8 00 @14 00 
t>. 10%® 11% 
9%@ 11% 
12 
@ 35 
12 
@ 30 
10 
@ 2S 
10 
@ 23 
8 
@ 15 
5 
@ 12% 
@ 3 10 
1 35 
@ 1 40 
. 1 40 
@ 1 45 
— 
@ - 
15 
@ 17 
1(5 
@ 39 
10 
@ 17 
16 
@ 18 
16 
@ 17 
16 
@ 18 
— 
@ - 
1 50 
@ 2 00 
. i oo 
@ 1 25 
75 
@ 1 00 
3 00 
@ 5 50 
3 00 
© 7 00 
. 4 00 
@ 5 00 
— 
@ - 
® 1 25 
— 
@ - 
— 
@ - 
1 75 
@ 2 00 
— 
@ - 
— 
® - 
. 8 00 
@ 6 00 
— 
@ - 
4 
@ 8 
4 
@ 8 
. 1 25 
@ 4 75 
4 00 
@ 9 00 
— 
@ - 
15 
@ 25 
Turnips—? t bid. 
Cabbages—¥ bbl. 
Onions— 79 bbl. 
Cranberries—W bbl.. 
Broom-corn— 79 lb. 
Apples— 79 barrel. 
Strawberries, 79 quart. 
Tlic Gold market has been more active, since our last, 
and the price has been advanced to 113, closing June 15 v 
at 112%, as against 111% on May 15.... The supplies of 
Breadstuft's have been more liberal, and though the de¬ 
mand has been good, particularly for Wheat and Corn 
for export, prices have been variable, closing, as a rule, 
in favor of buyers. The foreign advices, which had been 
of an encouraging tenor, were rather against the export 
movement toward the end of the month under review. 
The decline in ocean freights, however, served to check 
the depressing influence of the later Liverpool reports. 
The grain coming to market by Canal is arriving in unu¬ 
sually good order, and the bulk of it is in merchantable 
condition — The Cotton market has been active, excited, 
and higher, under speculative operations, based mainly 
on the assumption that the next crop would he a short 
one. The final dealings indicated less confidence in this 
theory, and less buoyancy in values_The Provision 
markets have been less active, and prices have been 
quoted lower and unsettled, particularly for hog products. 
....There has been a good inquiry for Wool at firmer 
rates, on a limited offering of desirable samples_To¬ 
bacco, Hops, Hay, and Naval Stores, have attracted more 
attention. 
Kew-Yovk Live-Stock markets. 
week ending. Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tot'l. 
May 29tli... 
June 5th... 
June 12th.. 
. 0,986 
106 
4,014 
. 0,741 
88 
3,239 
. 7,172 
59 
5,008 
. 6,215 
85 
3,373 
,27,117 
388 
15.631 
34,957 
361 
21,298 
21,958 
18,478 
Average per Week 
..6,779 
84 
3,908 
19,801 
do. do. las't Month. 
. .6,991 
72 
4,259 
16,737 
de. do. prev's Month 
...6,249 
86 
1,765 
19,490 
Average perWeek, 1870. 
6,847 
97 
2,240 
28,151 
Average per W2eA:,1869. 
6,275 
92 
1,752 
28,836 
clo. do. do 
1808 
5,733 
105 
1,588 
27.182 
do. do. do 
1867. 
5,544 
64 
1,320 
22,154 
do. do. do 
1866. 
5,748 
94 
1,200 
20,000 
do. do. do 
1S65. 
5,255 
118 
1.500 
16,091 
Total in 1869_ 
.326,280 
4,827 
91,083 
1,499,509 
Total in 1868.... 
.298,128 
5,466 
82.571 
3,413,479 
Total in 18G7.. . 
293,832 
3,369 
69,911 
1,174.154 
Total in 1866. . 
298.880 
4,885 
62.420 
1,040.000 
Total in 1865. .. 
270,274 
6,161 
71,991 
836.733 
Total in 1864..,. 
267,609 
7,603 
75,621 
782,462 
Stock Breeding-.-— Charles R. Hoffman, 
Kansas. In breeding stock of all kinds, it is a rule never 
to breed the progeny to its sire. This rule is often de¬ 
parted from among breeders; but exceptions should 
only be made for some good reason. The male progeny 
of a thorough-bred heifer might be used on a half-bred 
heifer from a native cow, although the sire of both 
was the same, as this would not be considered close 
breeding. But judicious selections should be made. A 
change of blood would be well every four or five years. 
20,751 53,815 
17.556 46.121 
14,080 18,891 45,210 
24,690 26,002 60.365 
- ‘7,200 205,511 
’,241 217,542 
79,206 
83,686 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
20,800 
15,448 
12.977 
17,108 
15,348 
18,809 
20,605 
13,000 
11,023 
798,199 
978,061 
1,102.643 
672.000 
573,190 
660,277 
Beef Cattle.— The supply of cattle is large, and re¬ 
ports show that there is a heavy stock still pressing for¬ 
ward. Trade was somewhat unsettled during the month 
just ended, prices falling off lc. per lb. one week, with a 
heavy run, and recovering a like amount the next week, 
closing a little lower than it opened four weeks ago. 
Texas has not given us many grass cattle, but they are 
liable to conic forward any moment. One or two lots of 
cattle came through in stock Palace cars, but they did 
not show enough better to warrant the extra expense. 
There is probably some experimenting yet to be done 
before these cars will he looked upon with favor. As yet 
there are no indications of a general reduction of cattle 
freights, but a few of the leading shippers doubtless 
obtain drawbacks. 
Below we give the range of prices, average price, and 
figures at which large lots were sold : 
May 22d, ranged 11 @14c. Large sales 12@13%c. Av. 12% 
do. 29th, do. 10 @ 14c. do. do. 12@I3 c. do. 12% 
June 5th, do. 9%@1Sc. do. do. 11@12 c. do. 11% 
do. 12th, do. 10 @14e. do. do. 12@13 c. do. 12% 
Ulilclt Cows.—These have been offered more freely, 
and after a dull mouth, there is a little improvement at 
the close, helped by an advance in beef, which enables 
the milkmen to se?l their fat, dry cows to advantage. 
Some miserably poor cows arc being sent to market, and 
sold at $40@$45 each, with ordinary to fair milkers at 
$5o@$G5, and good to extras at $75@$90. Calves.— 
The offerings are still quite free, hut not so large as in 
May. They dragged heavily for a week or two, after 
last report, fat veals selling at 714@8c. Now they are 
doing better. Butter-milk and grass calves are worth 
5%@Gc., thin milk veals, 6^@.714c., good to choice, 8@ 
9*4c. A lot of 33 State calves, 142 lbs., just sold at Sc., 
with a pen of 204 lbs. at 9c_ Sheep and Lambs.— 
Receipts are larger, the greatest increase being in 
lambs. These have declined 2@3c. per lb., poor Southern 
and Western selling at 9@llc., fair to prime State and 
Jersey, 11H@12!4 c., with a few extras at 13c. Sheep 
have been running down quite gradually, hut close firm 
at 4%@514c. for poor to medium, and 6@6‘%c. for good 
to prime, some choice lots selling at 6%c. Most of the 
sheep are now coming from Ohio, and Ill., with lambs 
from N. J., and this State, an occasional lot being re¬ 
ceived from Ky., Va., and Ohio Swine.—Free as 
were the receipts of the previous month, they are still 
larger now, and live hogs have declined about %c. per 
lb. They went to 4%@5c., a fortnight ago, but close 
somewhat firm at 5c@5%c., a recent advance in lard 
helping them. City dressed vary from 6c. to 6%c., ac¬ 
cording as heavy hogs or light ones. 
