284r 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[August.’, 
fruit than can be used, it should be preserved by 
canning, bottling, or drying. Directions have 
often been given in the Household Department. 
Blackberries. — Do not allow the new canes to 
grow over fout or five feet high, and pinch the 
laterals when a foot or eighteen inches long. Fruit 
for home use should be thoroughly ripe before it is 
picked, while that for the market must be gathered 
before it becomes soft enough to bruise in handling. 
Dwarf Trees. — Thin out all poor fruit, and if the 
crop is too large, remove a part of it. Control the 
shape of the tree by pinching. 
Grapes. —If mildew appear, give a thorough dust¬ 
ing of sulphur. Keep the vines tied to stakes or 
trellises, and do not allow them to become entan¬ 
gled with each other. Cut of! all bunches which 
are affected with rot. 
Baspbernes.— Remove all of the old fruiting 
canes, and keep the new growth tied to Stakes, to 
prevent its being blown down ; three or four strong 
canes are enough for one plant to carry. The soil 
between the rows must be kept loose and clean. 
Strawberries. —New beds, if set out with young 
plants, will produce moderately next spring. Old 
beds should be cleared of weeds, and thoroughly 
enriched with a good dressing of manure. 
Weeds will grow in the fruit garden as well 
as elsewhere, if not kept down by constant cultiva¬ 
tion. A thick mulch between the rows will save 
much time and trouble in cultivation. 
Flawei^Gardeu am’ Lawn. 
The severe heat of this month often prevents the 
growth of plants, and it is not until the late rains 
have watered them that they produce their finest 
effect. Weeds will, however, grow, and they will 
require constant attention. 
Box ought to be clipped this month, to preserve 
the edging in good shape. 
Bulbs. —If any spring flowering bulbs are still in 
the ground, take them up. 
Climbers. —The annual climbers ought to have 
strong supports, to prevent the wind from blowing 
them down. Keep the woody climbers tied up, 
and cut off all superfluous branches. 
Dahlias ought to be tied to strong stakes, which 
should be firmly set in the ground. Remove all 
Imperfect buds and flowers. 
Grass. —Lawns and edgings need constant care 1o 
preserve their good appearance. Tliey ought to be 
mowed once a week at least, and, if possible, twice. 
Where a lawn has been recently seeded down and 
weeds are abundant, many of the larger ones can 
be removed by the use of a, spud; this is a thin- 
edged chisel, about two inches wide, having a sock¬ 
et for a handle, which may be of any convenient 
length; the root of the weed can be cut off be¬ 
low the surface without disturbing the grass. 
Gladiolus. —Tie flower-stalks to stakes to pre¬ 
vent breaking by the wind, for if once bent it is 
very hard to bring them into an erect position. 
Hedges. — Give their summer clipping this month. 
Potted Plants. —Do not neglect them at this sea¬ 
son, but keep supplied with water. 
Perennials. —Seeds of these, as well as of bienni¬ 
als, are better if sown now, as they will generally 
produce plants large enough to flower next season. 
(jireetihiuisie :s*s<l Window flanls. 
The thorough renovation of the., greenhouse 
should be finished before the pressure'of fall work 
comes. See that all insects are destroyed by a 
thorough washing, and afterwards paint or white¬ 
wash the inside woodwork. If the heating appa¬ 
ratus is out oi order, repair before cold weather. 
See that there is a good stock of potting material 
on hand for winter use, and also provide boxes and 
pots for the large plants which have been planted 
out during the summer. 
- -Eicooat fiSHoolt.—There is no profit in 
feeding old stock. When cows and sheep are past their 
prime, they can not be made to pay for feeding. There¬ 
fore wo would not advise sheep to be kept over five 
years, or cows over eight or nine. Occasionally a ewe 
ora cow will be profitable to keep for breeding puiposes 
for three or four years after these ages, but no expectation 
of fattening them profitably need be entertained; and it 
is a question whether the gain in one way is not lost al¬ 
together in the other. After the system begins to run 
down, the teeth become worn, and food is no longer per¬ 
fectly digested. Waste occurs, and though it is true the 
manure pile is enriched when aged stock is kept, the ad¬ 
vantage does not compensate for the waste. During the 
latter part of summer, selections should be made for feed¬ 
ing for market next spring. No time should be lost then 
in preparing those of full age, intended for this purpose, as 
much care and attention must be given them and early 
feeding be commenced, or they can not be successfully 
brought into condition for market. 
—-«>-•-— gI B r. * - 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
July 17, 1871, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT THIS N15W-YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. V.arlen. Oats. 
'17 days this m’Ml.380.001 2,911,000 3, ■115.000 51,000 311.000 815.000 
27 (lays last m’th.271,000 3,151,000 2,816.000 87,000 41,003 1,413,000 
Sacks. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Parle//. Oats 
27(hiysIOHvm’tli.343,1)00 3,436,000 2,225.000 59,0"0 6,800 1.371,000 
27 days lust m’lh.247,000 2,745,000 2,933,000 65,000 23,000 1,156,000 
fi. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Parle//. Oats. 
27 (lavs 1871.380.000 2,911,000 3.415,000 51.000 321,000 815,000 
25 days 1870.378,000 3,341,000 1,228,500 76,000 53,000 734,1(00 
Sai.es. Fio/ir. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
27 (lavs 1871...313,000 3.436,000 2.235.000 59.000 6,800 1,371,000 
25 days 1870...283,000 4,237,000 1,568,000 109,0.0 13,500 1,411,000 
3. Exports f rom New York, Jan. 1 to July 13. 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. R//e. Parle//. Oats. 
1871.963,831 8,193,157 4,824,872 43,018 83,796 14,889 
1810.880,626 7,9)4,408 164,468 65,734 9,788 
1869.605,950 6,260,268 1,481,849 68,536 42,257 
1868.48),663 2,956,522 4,044,602 153,093 - S9,86S 
4. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat, Corn, Rye, Parley, Oats, Malt, 
1871. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. bush. 
July 10. 336,163 631,954 96.9-15 -- 274,099 199,541 
June 12. 230.350 292,188 114,783 3,480 334,159 112,512 
May 9. 283.700 259.215 160,784 50.725 376,226 171.933 
April 10. 811,871 180,947 15",964 164,39S 709.363 171 S97 
March 13. ..1,523.735 204.388 150.514 329.319 1,133.897 218,231 
Fell. 13.2,203,677 311.471 148,198 481,863 1,409.995 215,124 
Jan. 16 .3,685,116 272,618 157,730 551,491 1,736,936 210,394 
1S70. 
Dec. 15 .3,060,762 208,319 148,069 500,397 2,085,137 231,129 
Nov. 9.2,092,900 300,000 116.800 4110.100 2.125,000 - 
Oct. 10.1,809,921 476,544 53,391 181.803 1,679,658 237,453 
Sept. 12.1,387,487 761,891 50,869 107,174 1,053,079 130,881 
Aus. 8.1,138,876 589.973 25.137 106,101 691.766 119,046 
July 11.1,281.913 483.540 28,816 98,600 655.063 109,478 
June 7 . 706,478 69,845 21,891 91,630 483,143 108,775 
Current Wholesale Prices. 
Prtck of Goi.b. 
Flour—S uper to Extra State®! 
Sillier to Extra Southern_ 6 75 
Extra Western . 6 20 
Extra Genesee. 7 10 
Superfine Western. 5 45 
Rye Flour.. 4 20 
Coiin-Meal. . 3 25 
Wheat— All kinds of Wliite.. 1 69 
All kinds of lied and Amber. 1 45 
June 15. 
112% 
50 @ 7 00 
@10 25 
@10 25 
@ 8 75 
@ 6 00 
© G 10 
@ 4 20 
@ 1 85 
1 65 
July 17. 
113% 
4 60 @ 0 59 
@10 25 
@ 9 75 
5 15 
5 40 
C 50 
4 60 
4 00 
3 40 
1 45 
1 30 
@ 5 15 
@ 5 50 
® 4 15 
@ 1 70 
© 1 52 
Corn—Y ellow. 
78 
72 @ 74 
Mixed .. 
. G9 @ 
76 
67 ® 72 
Oats — Western. 
70 
64 %@ 70 
State . 
67 % 
G5%@ 67! 
Rye .. 
. 1 02%@ 
1 15 
85 @ 1 12 
Baklkv. 
Nominal. 
Hay— bale ?! 100 tbs . 
Straw, ?i l<)0 fts. 
Cotton— Middlings, 79 lb ... 
Hops—C rop olls70. 79 tb. 
Feathers— Live Geese, ?! lb. 
Seed— Glover, 78 lb . 
Timothy. 78 bushel. 
Flax. 78 bushel.. 2 30 
i 
00 
® 1 
L 40 
1 
05 
@ 
1 
45 
85 
® : 
t 95 
05 
@ 
1 
65 
20%@ 
20% 
21 
@ 
21% 
7 
@ 
13 
7 
® 
13 
65 
@ 
75 
05 
® 
75 
10 
® 
10% 
10%@ 
11 
3 
50 
@ ' 
4 00 
8 
75 
® 
4 
50 
2 
30 
@ : 
2 45 
2 
40 
® 
2 
50 
8 %@ 
20 @ 
10 ® 
6 @ 
32 @ 
49 ® 
33 @ 
23 @ 
8%@ 
13 % 
12 
70 
60 
53 
30 
9% 
Sugar—B rown, V lb . 8%@ 10 % 
Molasses. Cuba. 78gal.. 
Coffee— liio(Gold, in homl). 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c., ?tft. 
Seed Leaf, 78 lb. 
Wool—D omestic Fleece,78 lb. 
Domestic, pulled. 78 lb. 
California, unwashed,. 
Tallow, 79 lb . 
Oil-Cake— 38 ton. 89 00 @41 00 
Pork—M ess, 78 barrel. 15 50 @15 75 
Prime, ?! barrel .... 12 75 ©13 50 
Beef—P lain lnpss. 8 00 
Lard, ill tres. & barrels, 78 lb. 
Butter—S tate, ?< ft. 
Western, ?Ub. 
Cheese . .... 
Beans—?) bushel . ... 
Peas—C anada, free, 78 bn_ 
EGSS— r r?sh. 78 dozen . .... 
Poultry • Live Fowls. 
Turkeys, V . 
Geese,?) pair.. 
Ducks, ?! pair. 
Potatoes, ?< bid. 
Sweet Potatoes, 79 bbl. 
Cabhaqes — 78 1 00. 
Broom-corn— ?) ft. 
Apfi.es— 38 barrel. 
Raspberries, 38(|uavt. 
Blackberries, ?< quart. 
Gooseberries, ?! bushel. 
814® 
20 @ 
10 'A® 
6 | 
12 
50 
37 
23 
9 
40 00 
14 75 
12 00 
8 00 
@ 
@ 
® 
® 
@42 50 
@15 00 
©13 00 
@12 50 
10% 
45 
13% 
32 
70 
70 
55 
40 
9% 
9%@ 
n% 
0%@ 
11 
12 
® 
30 
13 
® 
32 
10 
® 
23 
13 
® 
27 
5 
® 
12% 
G 
12 
1 25 
© 
3 50 
1 00 
© 8 75 
1 35 
® 
1 40 
1 25 
© 1 35. 
16 
® 
19 
16 
@ 
21 
16 
® 
18 
18 
® 
19 
16 
© 
18 
IS 
® 
19 
1 50 
® 
2 00 
1 50 
® 
2 00 
75 
© 
1 00 
75 
® 
90 
8 00 
© 
7 00 
2 50 
© 3 00 
— 
@ 
— 
—■ 
<■’ 
.— 
8 50 
<8 6)50 : 
3 00 
i @. 
5 00 
4 
@ 
8 
4 
8 
4 00 
® 9 00 
2 50 
® 
4 50 
— 
@ 
— 
7 
® 
18 
— 
@ 
— 
13 
© 
18 
— 
@ 
— 
2 23 
® 
2 50 
Gold has been up to 113?I and down to 112 since our 
last., closing, Ju 15, at 112J4 . Breadstuff's have been 
offered with m .re freedom, and have been generally 
quoted lower, with a fairly active business reported in 
the leading- kinds, for homo use,' shipment, and, to a 
limited extent, on speculative account. The arrivals of 
Wheat have been quite generally in poor order, while 
those of Corn have been well up, on the average, to the 
standard of merchantable. Several lots of new-crop 
Wheat, chiefly Southern and South-western amber, have 
been received and marketed within the month at equal to 
full current rates. The quality, in most instannees, was 
superior to that of the earlier offerings oi new-crop last 
year.Provisions have been depressed and lower, yet 
not active. At the close, more steadiness was apparent, 
.Cotton has been less freely dealt in, at variable 
prices, though closing with a fair show of firmness, on a 
less liberal offering of stock. Wool has been in good 
demand, at advancing prices.Tobacco, Hops, Hay, 
and Naval Stores are m request. 
New-York Livestock llarkets. 
week ending Peeves. Cows. Caines. Sheep. Swine. Tot'l. 
June 19th. 8,566 63 2,971 28,093 26.979 66,632 
June 26th. 7,891 113 4,229 26,035 29.589 67.860 
July 8(1. 7,542 102 2,942 26,584 29,140 66,310 
July liith. 8,196 43 2,159 29,751 22,720 62,874 
Total in 4 Weeks....3i,m 326 12,301 110,463 108.428 263,716 
do.forprev. 4 Weeks 27,117 338 15,634 79,20G 83,200 205,511 
Peeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
Average per Week .8,049 
do do. last Month _6,779 
do. do . prev's Month.... 6,991 
Average per Week, 1870. 6,847 
do. do. do. 1869 . 6,275 
do. do. do. 1808 5,733 
do. do. do. 1867 . 5,544 
do. do. do. 1866. 5,748 
Total in I860.326,280 
Total in 1868.298,128 
Total in 1807.293.832 
Total in 1866 . 298.880 
Total in 1865. 270,271 
Total in 1804. 267,609 
Beef Cattle. —With an 
bullocks per week, during tin 
have ruled dull and decidedly 
81 3,075 27,616 27.107 
84 3,908 19,801 20,800 
72 4,259 16,737 15,448 
97 2,240 28,151 17,108 
92 1,752 28,836 15,348 
105 1,583 27,182 18,809 
61 1,320 22,154 20,605 
94 1,200 20,000 13,000 
118 1.500 16,091 11,023 
4.827 91,083 1,499,509 798,199 
5,466 82.571 1,413,479 978,061 
3.369 69,911 1,174.154 1,102.643 
4,885 62.120 1,040.000 672,000 
6,161 71,991 836,733 573,190 
7,603 75,621 782,462 GG0,277 
average increase of 1,300 
; past month, the markets 
against the drover. There 
has been a steady decline from beginning to end, amount¬ 
ing to about lc. per lb., the closing rates being 3f4c. be¬ 
low wliat they were one year ago. Texans begin to 
come forward somewhat freely — much faster than they 
can be sold. Operators in this kind of stock are likely 
to have a hard time of it. When people are starved to 
it, they take to the dry Texan beef, but in a glut of good 
stock, as at present, when fair Illinois cattle can be 
bought at 10l4c.@llc., these wild breeds go begging at 
8t.@S!4c. They are frequently sold at about what they 
cost in Illinois. Altogether, the trade is very discourag¬ 
ing for Western shippers and Eastern speculators. Low 
freights alone save them from heavy losses, but do not 
always keep them from going behind. 
Below we give the range of prices, average price, and 
figures at which large lots were sold : 
June 19th, ranged 9 @14 c. Large sales 11 %@13 c. Av. 12% 
June 26th, do. 8%@13%c. do. do. 11%@12%C. do. 1 1% 
July 3d, do. 8%@13 c. do. do. 11%@12%C. do. 11% 
July 10th, do. 8 @13c. do. do. 11 ®12 c. do. 11% 
IWilcli Cows. —Tlie price of beef has much to do 
with the value of milch cows. Cattle ruling very low, 
causes a dull trade in milkers, and prices are lower, or 
$35@$45 for very poor; $50@$65 for ordinary to fair, and 
$70l®$85 for good to extras. Calves.— The falling off 
in numbers is not equal to the lessened demand, lienee 
trade is slow and prices low. Poor grass and buttermilk 
calves can scarcely be sold at nil. They will only bring 
3}4c.@4}4c. per lb., a large lot, of 170 lbs., selling at 4c. 
Ordinary milk veals are quoted at 6c.©7c ; fair to prime, 
7^c.@8K c - ; and only extras reach 9c. Slieep and 
Lambs.— Arrivals are much larger, swelled by the free 
receipts of spring lambs. Fat slieep have been in re¬ 
quest every week, tlieir surplus fat being in demand for 
dressing off thin lambs. Still there is an average de. 
cline of fully !4c. per lb. on slieep for the month. Poor 
stock sells at 4c.@5c.; fair to good, 5Hc.®5Jlc., and 
prime to extras, 6c.@6J4 c - Lambs suffer most, Western 
selling at 7c.@.8f4c.; few choice, 9c., with Jersey and 
State at 8>4c.@9i4c., and 10c. for very fine — Swine.— 
These, too, are in heavier supply, hut there is no de- 
cline. In fact, we quote J^c. advance during the past 
few days, live selling at 5t6c.@5"4c., with dressed at 
Gc.@,7e. Some small pigs, which are scarce and wanted, 
reached 7%c. 
Crops in Virg’imisi. — Gilbert Child, 
Staunton, Va., sends ns specimens of wheat, rye, and 
timothy, grown in his neighborhood, where he says the 
best yield of wheat is 44 bushels per acre, though some 
claim 1o have made much more than that. Average yield 
of the county, 10 bushels. Landis worth sixty debars per 
acre; labor is plentiful at one dollar per day and board in 
harvest, and eight to twelve dollars per month by the 
year. The spocimens sent would indicate what we 
should call a fair crop, and would equal the average of a 
good crop in New York State. We rarely see a crop that 
will yield over 25 bushels of wheat, or 30 of rye, though 
we often hear of them. The writer never succeeded in 
