364r 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[October, 
in handling, and store in a room with a warm, even 
temperature. 
Tomatoes.— Cover up a few of the later plants 
during frosty nights. To prolong their season 
pull up the vines and hang in a sunny room, and 
they will continue to ripen for a month or more. 
Spading .—During warm spells spade such parts 
of the garden as can not be plowed, and work in 
a good dressing of manure. 
Turnips will do better in the ground until hard 
frosts come, then store in the root cellar. 
Flow r er-®ardeu and Lawn. 
The present month is more favorable for laying 
out plans for improvements than during the pres¬ 
sure of spring work. New walks and drives can 
be laid out, and old ones repaired. 
Bedding Plants. —Make cuttings of all seedling 
plants, if not already done, and take up such old 
plants as are to be kept during the winter. 
Bulbs .—Plant early this month, if possible. Take 
up all tender bulbs like Tuberoses, Gladioluses, 
etc., before hard frosts, and store in a dry room 
where they will not be injured by mice. 
Chrysanthemums. —These are very fine and showy 
for late bloomers, as they are not injured by 7 the 
early frosts. Keep tied up to stakes; pot a few-of 
the best for blooming iu-doors. 
Dahlias. —Keep tied up k> sticks, and if they are 
protected by a covering of paper they will con¬ 
tinue in flower a long time. After the tops are 
killed by the frost, allow the tubers to remain in 
the ground fora week, in order to ripen. 
Frames and Pits. —Have these ready to receive 
the plants as they are taken up from the border. 
Cannas. —Take up before the foliage is killed by 
frost, and lay in a shed for a fortnight, and then 
store the same as Dahlias. 
Peonies. —The best time to set Peonies is in the 
fall, as they start too early in the spring to be 
moved with safety. 
Perennials. —Transplant those sown in the spring 
to the place where they arc to flower. 
Greenliioiisc aiul Window Plants. 
The greenhouse ought to be ready for receiving 
all plants which are outside, as soon as there are 
any signs of frosts. The tender ones must be 
taken in early, in order to have them grow well 
during the winter. 
Annuals.—Sow seeds of annuals, for winter flower¬ 
ing. in pans of rich soil, and prick out as soon as 
large enough to handle. 
Bulbs. —Pot all bulbs for winter flowering, and 
allow them to remain in a dark place for a few 
weeks, to promote the formation of roots. 
Insects. —Every plant ought to be thoroughly 
cleansed before being taken into the greenhouse, 
so as to remove all insects, and in order to keep 
the house clear of those pests of plant growth. 
is —^ non, moss, etc., are 
in readiness for winter, so that nothing may occur 
to hinder work. 
Forcing Plants. —Take up all shrubs which are to 
be forced for winter flowering, pot them, and 
store in a cold frame, giving water occasionally 
until -February, when they may be brought into 
heat and forced. 
House Plants. —Re-pot plants which have become 
“pot-bound” in good, rich soil, and keep in the 
shade for a few days until established. 
Catlle Eating; Pry Earth.—C. New¬ 
ton, Fayville, Mass., wants to know why his cattle eat 
thy earth in winter, when they have a liberal supply of 
meal and roots, and plenty of the best hay. This is be¬ 
cause earth is a part of their natural food. In pasturing, 
ruminant animals partly cut off the grass and partly tear 
it up by the roots, taking more or less earth with it. The 
food is stored in large quantities in the first stomach, 
whero it is more or less fermented under the influence of 
the warmth and moisture to which it is subjected. The 
earth neutralizes tho acids, and perhaps condenses the 
gases thus formed, and prevents the distension and dis¬ 
comfort that would ensue. When cattle arc fed on clean 
forage, they merely gratify a healthful appetite in eating 
earth. This indicates the advisability of feeding roots 
without washing them. , 
Fowls for Towti.l>wellers.—W. F. 
W., Selin’s Grove, Pa., asks us to name a breed of fowls 
proper for a family living in town, who -would keep a few 
only, and desire good layers, and also large-sized birds for 
the table.-These conditions are fulfilled by the Brah¬ 
mas, either Light or Dark. They are fair layers of rich 
eggs, and produce well in fall and winter, there being no 
breed that distributes its laying favors so evenly through 
the year, a trait very desirable where the eggs are for 
family use. The great size of the Brahmas is too well 
known to need mention. 
---«e»-«-•- . 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices. 
The following condensed, comprehensive tables, care¬ 
fully prepared specially for the American Agriculturist, 
show at a glance the transactions for the month ending 
Sept. 15,1871, and for the corresponding month last year. 
1. TRANSACTIONS AT TUK NEW YORK MARKETS. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Rarley. Oats. 
as (lavs this in’tli.371,000 3,807,000 3,104.000 101.000 115,000 1 ,‘>19,000 
2G days last m’tU.312,000 2,736,000 4,117,000 37,000 16,100 911,000 
Sales. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rue. Barley. Oats. 
25 (lays !7(i.sm’Hi.3>3,000 4,939,000 3,015,000 06,000 51,000 1.224,000 
26 days tost m’tli.304,000 3,128,000 4,037,000 178,000 11,400 1,319,000 
3. Comparison with same period at this time last year. 
Receipts. Flour. Wheat.. Corn. Rue. Barley. Oats. 
25 days 1871.371.000 3,805,000 2,104,000 191,000 115,0001,219,000 
26 (lays 1870.596,000 2,354,000 1,581,000 57,500 151,000 1,429,000 
Sat.ks. Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
25 (lays 1871...323,000 4.939.000 3,615,000 90,000 51,000'1,224,000 
26 (lays 1870.. .291,000 2,656,000 1,719,000 37,01,0 4,850 1,531,000 
3. Exports from Neio York, Jan. 1 to Sept. 14. 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barlei/. Oats. 
1871.1,248,637 13,212,359 7,850,088 231,177 81,797 20,433 
1870 .1,315,234 12,233,854 301,431 65,734 - 11,806 
1869 .975,290 11,615,661 1,557,677 114,006 - 45,097 
1808.642,952 3,3S5,078 5,300,515 153,093 -—— 42,159 
4. Stock of grain in store at New York. 
Wheat, Corn, Rye, Barley, Oats, Malt, 
1871. bush. hush. bush. hush. bush. bush. 
Sept. 12. 471,719 3,310.849 30,492 9,483 884,629 187.525 
A ur. 14 . 397,516 2,403.359 34,599 • 34,405 177,484 
JulvlO. 386,163 634,954 96.945 - 274,099 199.541 
June 12 . 230.350 292,188 114,783 3,480 334,459 142,572 
May 9 . 283.700 259.245 160,734 50.725 370,226 171.933 
April 10. 811,871 180,947 159,964 164,398 709.363 171 897 
March 13. ..1,523.785 204.388 150.514 329.319 1,133,897 218,231 
Feb. 13.2,203.677 311.471 148,198 481,863 1,409,995 215,124 
Jan. 16.3,685,116 272,618 157,730 554,491 1,736,936 216,394 
1K70. 
Dec. 15.3,060,762 208,319 148,069 500,397 2,085.137 231,129 
Nov. 9.2,092,900 300,000 116.800 400.400 2.125,000 —- 
Oct. 10.1,809,921 476,544 53,391 181.803 1.679,658 237.453 
Sept. 12.1,387,487 761,894 50,869 107,474 1,053,079 130,881 
5. Receipts at head of tide-water at Albany each sea¬ 
son to Sept. 7 th : 
Flour. Wheat. Corn. Rye. Barley. Oats. 
bbls. bush. hush. bush. bush. bush. 
1871 .149,800 9,230,000 13,937,100 207,100 90.100 1,893.900 
1870 .249,000 8,727,800 2,927,000 315,400 94,300 2,330,500 
Current Wholksai.k Pricks. 
9 50 
© 9 00 
@ 8 25 
@ 5 00 
® 5 00 
© 4 15 
1 65 
1 51 
$5 50 
5 60 
6 20 
7 15 
5 50 
4 10 
3 30 
1 55 
1 40 
Sept. 15. 
114 
® 7 15 
© 9 75 
@ 9 75 
® 8 75 
@ 6 00 
@ 5 15 
@ 4 10 
@ 1 70 
1 05 
71 @ 
82 
75 
@ 
77 
67 @ 
69>£ 
71 
@ 
73 
35 @ 
51 
50 
® 
52 
Nominal. 
— 
@ 
— 
75 @ 
85 
80 
® 
9S 
Nominal. 
80 
© 
95 
1 15 @ 
1 65 
1 05 
© 1 55 
60 ® 1 20 
60 
@ 1 
10 
18%@ 
19% 
2I%@ 
21% 
15 @ 
25 
18 
@ 
30 
® 
40 
@ 
55 
65 @ 
75 
70 
@ 
76 
1054® 
11 
10 %@ 
11% 
4 00 © 4 no 
3 00 
@ 3 50 
Aug. 16. 
PRICE OF GOLD. 112% 
Flour—S uper to Extra State £4 41) ffi 6 25 
Super to Extra Southern_ 4 90 
Extra Western . 5 00 
Extra Genesee. 6 30 
Superfine Western. 4 40 
Rvk Flour. 3 85 
Corn-Meal. 3 30 
Wheat—A ll kinds of White. 1 45 
All kinds ol lied and Amber. 1 30 ® 
Corn—Y ellow. 
Mixed.. . 
O a ts—W estern. 
State . 
Rye . 
Barley. 
IIay—H ale 10 100 lbs. 115 
°,T”*'V, ?) 100 lbs.-.. 
Cotton, Middlings, n> ... 
Hops—C rry, -r 1870, ft lb. 
Crop of 1871. 
Feathers—L ive Geese, ?( lb 
Skkd—C lover, 10 lb . 
Timothy, 13 bushel. 4 00 
Flax. $ bushel. 2 05 
Sugar—B rown. 13 lb 
Molasses. Cuba. i3gal., 
Coffkk—R io (Gold, In bond). 
Tobacco, Kentucky, &c„?Mb. 
Seed Leaf, R>. 
Wool— Domestic Fleece,lb. 
Domestic, pulled. IS lb.. 
California, unwashed,.. 
Tallow, 13 lb . 
Oil-Oakk— : IS ton. 39 00 
Pork—M ess, 10 barrel. 13 50 
Prime, IS barrel .— 10 75 
Bkef—P lain mess. 8 00 
Lard, in tres. & barrels, $ lb. 
Butter—S tate, IS lb. 
Western, 1) lb . 
Oiieksk . 
Bkans—IS bushel. 
Peas—C anada, free, 13 bn— 
Eggs—F resh. IS dozen. 
Poultry— Live Fowls. 
Turkeys, 18 ib. 
Geese, pair. . . 1 (5 
Ducks, V pair. 75 
Potatoes, ?) bbl. 1 00 
Sweet Potatoes, ¥ bbl. — 
Cabbages—18 100 . 4 50 
Broom-CORN—IS n>. 
Appi.es— is barrel. 
Peaches—$ basket. 
Pears—IS barrel. 
Grapes—V pound. 
Gold has advanced to 114%, closing, September 14th, at 
2 
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@12 50 
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114.Under more favorable foreign advices, there has 
been a decided improvement in values of Breadstuff's, 
with an active home and export demand for the leading 
articles, also some speculative inquiry, closing strong in 
moBt instances. The scarcity of ocean freight-room 
and the high rates claimed by ship-owners have been 
against the outward movement.Provisions have 
been more freely dealt in ; Hog products have been 
quoted firmer; Butter, heavy ; Cheese, steady.Woo] 
has attracted attention and lias shown less buoyancy as 
to price, but holders have not been eager to place stocks 
at less than full asking figures.Cotton has been 
quite freely purchased at higher prices.Tobacco 
has been quoted dearer on a fair trade.Hops have 
been in reduced stock and good request at better rates. 
.Seeds have been quiet and depressed. 
3iew York 5,£ve-Stoclt Markets, 
week ending Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. Tol'l. 
August 21st. 9.330 105 2,956 28,869 17,234 58,494 
August 28th. 8,153 68 2,749 34,049 22.811 67,830 
September 4tli. 7,973 81 3,555 27,129 24,272 63,610 
September mil. 9,356 121 2,777 32,373 30,610 75,237 
Total in 4 Weeks —34,812 375 12,037 123,020 94,927 265,171 
do forprev. 5 Weeks 37,302 406 14,488 145,213 114,825 312,235 
Beeves. Cows. Calves. Sheep. Swine. 
Average per Week .8,703 
do. do. last Month _7,460 
do. do . prev’s Month.... 8,049 
Average per Week, 1870 . 6.847 
do. 
do. 
do. 
1869. 
6,275 
do. 
do. 
do. 
1868 
5,733 
do. 
do. 
do. 
1867. 
5,544 
do. 
do. 
do. 
1866. 
5,748 
do. 
do. 
do. 
1S65. 
5,255 
Total 
in 
1869. 
.326.280 
Total 
in 
1868 
.298.128 
Total 
in 
1867. 
.293.832 
Total 
in 
1866. 
298.880 
Total 
in 
1865. 
210,271 
Total 
in 
1864. 
207,609 
94 3,009 30,755 23,757 
81 2,898 29,043 22.965 
81 3,075 2-7,616 27,107 
97 2,240 28,151 17,108 
92 1,752 28,836 15,348 
105 1,588 27.182 18,809 
64 1,320 22,154 20,605 
94 1,200 20,000 13,000 
118 1.500 16,091 11,023 
4.827 91,083 1,499,500 798,199 
5.466 82,571 1,413,479 978,061 
3,369 69,911 1,174.154 1,102.643 
4,885 62.420 1,040.000 672,000 
6,161 71,991 836,733 573,190 
7,003 75,621 782,462 660,277 
SSeef Cattle.—The weekly average for the past four 
weeks exceeds the average of tho previous five weeks by 
1,243 head, and is 1,S56 greater than the weekly average 
of last year. While there has been plenty of thin, im¬ 
mature native cattle and a large number of Texans, the 
quality has averaged better than usual for the season. 
The demand has improved with the cooler weather and 
the return of our summer wanderers, and trade lias been 
generally good and fairly remunerative to shippers. For 
the second week under review, prices declined y 2 c. %c. 
per lb., but this decline was recovered in the third week, 
and the close was firm at the rates given at the close of 
last month. 
Below we give the range of prices, average price, and 
figures at which large lots were sold : 
Ang.21st, ranged 7 @12%C. Largesalesl0%@11%c. Av. rr 
Aug. 28tli, do. 7 @12%c. do. do. 10%@11 c. <\o. 
Sept. 4tli, do. 6%@12%c. do. do. 10%@11%c. do. 11 
Sept. 11th, do. 7 @12%c. do. do. 11 @ll%c. do. 11% 
ItlilclB Cows.—An increased supply has met tho 
improved demand inc.deni to tho season, and trade has 
been moderately active, more especially for the last two 
weeks, at sustained prices. Mixed with a considera¬ 
ble number of old, worn-out stock were some fair to 
good milkers and some promising young heifers, but 
nothing really fine, and all in thin flesh. Some of the 
poorest offered as milch cows were sold at $30 (a) $35 
each; and some of the best, with good calves by their 
sides, sold at $80 @ $85 ; but $40 $75 is the general 
range. Calves. —Fat veal calves have been com¬ 
paratively scarce and have ruled firm, with an advancing 
tendency. Grass calves were plenty, but sold readily at 
nearly sustained prices up to last week, since which 
time the market has been overstocked, with a marked 
decline. A few lots of fine, thrifty, well-bred calves have 
arrived, lint the hulk of the receipts were poor to com¬ 
mon. Good to prime milk-fed arc firm at 9J4c. @ 1014 c. 
per lb.; common to fair sell at 7',4c. 9c.; mixed lots, 
half grassers and half milk-fed to slaughterers at 5y 2 c. @ 
7c.; and common to best grassers to feeders at $5 @ $9 
per head. Slicep an«l Lambs. —The average re¬ 
ceipts Bhow a slight increase over the average for last 
month, but the demand lias kept even pace with the 
larger offering and the market has ruled unusually 
steady. Excepting a few car-loads, weekly, from Ohio 
and from Canada, the slicep have been of only common 
to fair quality, and the lambs, particularly the large 
number from Canada, have not been so good as in 
former years at. this season. Poor to medium sheep have 
sold at 4!4e. @ 5J4c. per lb.; fair to good at 5!4c. @ 6c.; 
and prime to best selections at 6)4c. @ 6!4c., with one 
lot of extra, last week, at 7c. Lambs range from C'/.c, ® 
7%c. per lb. generally, with some of the worst at 5>4c. 
0c., and prime to extra lots at 8c.@8J4c. Swine.— 
There has been a small increase in the receipts and more 
sales of live hogs. Quite a number of car-loads have 
come in from this State and from Michigan, consigned to 
commission salesmen. With unimportant fluctuations 
in prices, the market has been much the same as for the 
preceding month. Live hogs have sold at 4%c. @,5%c. 
per Hi., with one car-load of choice State, this week, at 
$5 .30 per 100 lbs.; and dressed are quoted at 6c. @ 7c., 
with tlie hulk of the sales at 6Me. @ 6%c., closing steady. 
