AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
99 
from the Remontants and Ever-blooming, 
adding a few Moss and a few Garden or 
June roses. 
For our first selection, if we could have but 
one, we would take from the Remontants a 
“ Hybrid Perpetual,” called “ Giant of the 
Battles,” (Geant des Battailes.) This Rose 
is distinguished for its brilliancy of color and 
free blooming. It is perfectly hardy, and 
has been thoroughly tested. 
For our second selection, if we could 
have but two, we would choose from the 
Ever-Blooming, a Bourbon rose, called the 
“ Souvenir de la Malmaison,” which is per¬ 
fectly double, a very large, bold flower, deli¬ 
cate pale flesh-color, tinted with fawn. It 
is quite hardy, though requiring slight pro¬ 
tection during Winter in very cold situa¬ 
tions. If killed down to the ground, it will 
spring up rapidly. It blooms very early in 
the Spring. 
For our third rose, if we could have but 
three, we would take the “ Palace du Crys¬ 
tal,” from the Remontants,. a bright, pink¬ 
ish rose, deeply tinged with bright fawn. It 
is of strong habit and a robust grower. 
For our fourth rose, if we could have but 
four, we would select the Amandine, also a 
Remontant, which has a delicate rose color, 
and a very large and full flower, and like 
he others is hardy. 
For a higher number, aside from the Moss 
and Garden roses we would select for a 
small plot of ground as follows : 
5. Appoline—a Bourbon. 
6. Baron Prevost—a Remontant. 
7. Cardinal Fesch—a Bourbon. 
8. Lion of Combats—a Remontant. 
9. Enfant d’Ajaccio—a Bourbon. 
10. Baron Hallez—a Remontant. 
11. Jupiter—a Bourbon. 
12. Caroline de Sansal—a Remontant. 
13. Madame Desprez — a Bourbon. 
14. Genie de Chateaubriand—a Remon¬ 
tant. 
15. Bourbon Queen—a Bourbon. 
16. Augustine Mie—a Remontant. 
17. Boquet de Flora—a Bourbon. 
18. Dolphine Gay— a Remontant. 
19. Mrs. Bosanquet—a Bourbon. 
20. Sydonie—a Remontant. 
The above constitute a fine selection for a 
small place where the roses are designed for 
common out-door, hardy culture. With them 
we should intermingle a few of the Moss 
Roses, which, though having a less brilliant 
flower, add beauty and variety to the collec¬ 
tion by their mossy buds and calyxes. The 
most choice of these are the Alice Leroy, 
Lee’s Brilliant, Cristata or Crested Moss, 
GeneralDrouet (a perpetual bloomer), Nu- 
itt’s de Young (Young’s Night Thoughts), a 
very dark rose, and White Bath/ 
To the above may be added some of the 
Once-Blooming or June roses, which, though 
blooming but once, produce most magnificent 
flowers. Of these the most desirable are 
the Blanchfleur (white flower), Brennus, 
Chenedole, Coupe de Hebe, Madame Plan- 
tier, Julie d’Etranges, Kean, Rien ne me sur¬ 
pass (nothing can surpass me), Schismaker, 
&c. 
Those who have piazzas, walls or arbors 1 
will select from the Climbing roses the fol¬ 
lowing, which constitute a fine variety, the 
most desirable beingplaced first: 
For the best red, the Prairie Queen ; for 
the best white, Baltimore Belle ; then the 
Perpetual Pink, Pride of Washington, Mil- 
ledgville, Elegans, Gravelle or seven sisters, 
Gravelli Graulthii (pure white), Laura De- 
voust, Felicite Perpetual, Madame d’Arblay, 
Sir John Seabright, Russelliana, Princess 
Marie, &c. 
All the above are strong growers, which 
often climb 25 feet in a season. 
Having thus given a list for selection, we 
will in our next furnish some practical direc¬ 
tions for cultivating the different varieties. 
GAKDEN SOILS. 
A good garden may be made by skillful 
management, upon almost any soil. But the 
results will differ somewhat according to the 
nature of the soil; where the soil is a moist, 
heavy loam, resting upon a clayey subsoil, 
crops can not be obtained as early as upon 
a different soil. But by tillage adapted to the 
nature of the soil, large heavy crops may 
be obtained for fall and winter use. Upon 
such soils only one crop can generally be 
obtained, in a season. Such soils should be 
well drained, and cultivated in beds or ridges, 
so that the surface water may be conducted, 
off, and not be permitted to injure land al¬ 
ready sufficiently moist. Horse manure is 
the best dressing for such soils, when culti¬ 
vated as a garden, and should be liberally 
supplied, and well plowed in. Such land is 
apt to bake and become hard ; consequently 
it requires to be frequently stirred during the 
growth of the plants. Such a soil is well 
adapted to the growth of pears and quinces. 
When it is an object to obtain early crops, 
as in the cultivation of market gardeners, a 
light, sandy loam is preferable. When such 
a soil is made rich by high cultivation, the 
crops are earlier, more sure and the soil is 
more easily worked. Many of the most pro¬ 
ductive gardens in the neighborhood of 
Boston are made upon light sandy plains 
that were previously exhausted by cultiva¬ 
tion without manure, and that have been re¬ 
deemed byjudicious management. The plow 
is put in as deep as it can be made to run, 
and the whole of this depth is made fat by 
liberal supplies of warm,stimulating manures. 
It is an important object with market garden¬ 
ers to get early crops, and they are able to 
get them in such a soil, two, three and four 
weeks earlier than in a heavy loam. This 
gives them a longer season, and by a skillful 
management of successive crops, they get 
two or three crops in one season. Apple 
trees succeed well on such soils. When the 
ground is enriched by high manuring and the 
cultivation of hoed crops, the trees grow 
rapidly, and come into bearing some years 
sooner than in a colder and heavier soil. 
They start earlier in the spring, and, of 
course, have a longer season to grow, and 
the wood which they make becomes better 
matured and prepared to endure the cold of 
the ensuing winter. 
In such soils, fall sowing is often prac¬ 
ticed to advantage. Onions, beets and let¬ 
tuce are sowed in September and covered 
with salt hay, rock weed or meadow hay ; 
the mulching is removed early in March, and 
the ground between the rows stirred, and 
onions and beets are thus obtained for the 
market in June, or early in July. Vegetables 
at this season command nearly double the 
price that they do later in the season. Three 
crops are often obtained from the same 
ground. A portion of ground is plowed as 
soon as the frost is out, and a heavy dress¬ 
ing of horse manure is plowed in. Early 
peas are planted in rows perhaps five feet 
apart; then radishes are sowed broadcast, 
and raked in. The radishes are pulled be¬ 
fore the peas are all picked. Between the 
rows of peas are planted at proper times, 
squashes, melons or cucumbers ; by the time 
the vines begin to run, the radishes and 
peas are removed from the ground, and the 
whole surface is left in possession of the 
vines. Early potatoes are taken off in July 
and the early part of August., and a full crop 
of turnips is made to follow. Or after peas 
and potatoes, onions and beets are sowed 
for the spring market. After lettuce and 
radishes, cabbages are set for fall use. Many 
such gardeners start vegetables in hot-beds 
under glass ; thus they obtain potatoes, to¬ 
matoes, cabb-iges and cucumbers some two 
or three weeks earlier than by open culture, 
and the increased price amply repays them 
for the outlay of capital and labor. 
Strawberries succeed admirably on such 
soils, especially if in addition to high culture 
irrigation is employed. Some of the straw¬ 
berry gardens in the vicinity of Baltimore, 
consisting of from ten to one hundred acres, 
are made of worn out sandy land, which has 
been redeemed by cultivation. One garden¬ 
er in the neighborhood of Boston, receives 
more than three thousand dollars annually 
for the vegetables and fruit grown upon 
twenty-six acres of such land. His proximi¬ 
ty to a ready market, and to an abundant 
supply of manure, are circumstances which 
contribute greatly to his success. But high 
culture, and a skillful arrangement of succes¬ 
sive crops are the essential conditions of his 
prosperity. I do not believe he would make 
as much money in proportion to his outlay, 
in the cultivation of a heavy loam, although 
the soil is in itself much more fertile. Early 
crops could not be obtained on such a soil, 
and these are a chief source of profit. Apples 
would not succeed as well as on a lighter 
and more sandy soil. From four Porter ap¬ 
ple trees on such a soil, apples have been 
sold to the amount of more than a hundred 
dollars in a year. This, to be sure, is an ex 
traordinary product, and was owing to the 
superior quality of the fruit; but under such 
culture on a sandy soil Baldwins, Greenings 
and Russets will yield from four to five bar¬ 
rels to a tree, worth from two to four dollars 
a barrel. On such a soil peaches and plums 
thrive better than on any other, and bear 
full crops in four or five years from the 
stone. 
Let no man say he can not have a good 
garden, because he has only a piece of poor 
sandy land. Qn such land, he can have 
