AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
299 
on the north and lowest end of the lot with 
the cross drains, making them about thirty- 
two feet apart, (varying a little according to 
the situation of the surface,) nearly at right 
angles with and entering into the main 
drain. Now for the result. As the drains 
progressed, the water began to disappear 
from the surface, and within one week after 
the drains were dug, the water entirely dis¬ 
appeared from the lowest places. The effect 
was striking and remarkable to every one 
who witnessed it. That portion through 
which the drains had been cut being entirely 
dry, whilst the other portion immediately 
adjoining was literally soaked in water, and 
as fast as the drains progressed, the water 
would as rapidly disappear. The experi¬ 
ment has proved entirely satisfactory, and I 
have already plowed about one-third of the 
lot, and intend to plant the whole of it to 
corn next Spring; in fact, 1 expect after it 
shall have been thoroughly tilled, it will be 
one of the driest lots on the farm, and if the 
season proves favorable, 1 have no doubt 
the com crop will tell well next year. 
The actual amount expended in draining 
the nine acres above described is $234 20, 
showing the whole expense to be about $26 
per acre, the items of which are given below. 
Digging 630 rods drains, at 12c. $75 00 
“ 42 “ main drain, at 14c.. 5 88 
586 six inch tile, at $18 per 1,000. 10 58 
1,680 two inch pipe tile, at $12 50 
per 1,000. 21 00 
7,560 one and a half inch pipe tile, at 
$9 per 1,000. 68 04 
Drawing 588 six inch tile. 2 00 
“• 1,680 two inch pipe tile_ 2 50 
“ 7,560 one and a half inch 
pipe tile. 11 00 
400 feet of lumber for bottom of main 
drain.'. 4 00 
Leveling bottom and laying tile, 672 
rods, at 2c. per rod. 13 44 
Filling same, at 3c. per rod. 20 16 
$234 20 
The cost per rod of the different sized 
drains, with the items , are given below, the 
difference in the cost being chiefly the differ¬ 
ence between the price of large or small tile, 
viz. : 
586 six inch lile. $10 58 
Digging 42 rods, at 14c. per rod_ 5 88 
Laying and filling same. 2 10 
Drawing tile. 2 00 
Lumber for bottom. 4 00 
Total expense, (or 58|rc. per rod)... $24 56 
TWO INCH TILE. 
1,680 two inch tile, $12 50 per 1,000 $21 00 
Digging 120 rods, at 12c. per rod... 14 40 
Laying and covering 120 rods tile, at 
5c. per rod.. 6 00 
Drawing tile... 2 50 
Total, (or 36ic. per rod). $43 90 
ONE AND A HALF INCH TILE. 
7,560 H inch tile, at $9 per 1,000... $68 04 
Digging 510 rods, at 12c. per rod... 61 00 
Laying and covering same. 25 50 
Drawing tile. 11 00 
Total, (or about 32ic. per rod).$165 74 
Thus I have given a correct history of 
the above, hoping that it may be the means 
of inducing my brother farmers to improve 
some of the waste places on their farms 
which are now entirely worthless, and 
when thus improved are the most valuable 
part of their farms, and would by thus doing 
add many valuable acres to their farms. 
I have endeavored to give the facts dis¬ 
tinctly, and in such form that f hope you 
will be able to understand them. 
A HORSE WITH THE HEAVES. 
1 tried all sorts of heave powders on my 
patient, with no effect whatever. It is said 
that in a limestone country this disease is 
unknown, and lime water was prescribed 
Avith no apparent advantage. Some one 
told me to give the horse ginger, and strange 
to tell, I found that a tablespoonful of ginger 
given to the “General” Avith his oats, would 
cure him for the day, in half an hour after 
he had eaten it; but on giving it daily the 
effect soon ceased. It is a jockey’s remedy 
and will last long enough to swap upon. 
Finally, I Avas advised to cut my horses’ 
fodder and give it always Avet. I pursued 
that course carefully, keeping the “General” 
tied with so short a halter that he could not 
eat his bedding, giving him chopped hay and 
meal three times a day, and never more 
than a bucket of water at a time. 
He improved rapidly. I have kept him 
five years, making him a factotum —carriage 
horse, saddle horse, plow and cart horse— 
and he bids fair to remain useful for five 
years to come. Kept in this way, his dis¬ 
ease does not. lessen his value for speed or 
labor, a single dollar. When the boys 
grow careless, and give him dry hay, he 
informs me of it in a few days by the pecu¬ 
liar cough I have mentioned ; but sometimes 
for six months together, no indication of 
disease is visible, and he would pass for a 
sound horse Avith the most knowing in such 
matters. There is no doubt that clover hay, 
probably because of its dust, often induces 
the heaves. Stable keepers, with us, refuse 
it altogether for this reason. 
Many suppose that the wind of the horse 
is affected by the heaves, so that fast driving 
at any time will, as we express it, put him 
out of breath. With my horse, it is not so. 
When the “ General ” was at the Avorst, 
rapid driving, when just from the stable, 
would increase his difficulty, but a mile or 
two of moderate exercise would dissipate 
the symptoms entirely. We have, occasion¬ 
ally, what are called wind-broken horses, 
which are nearly worthless for want of wind. 
They can never be driven rapidly Avithout 
great distress, and frequently give out en¬ 
tirely by a few mile’s driving. This is 
thought to be a different disease. The 
“ General’s” case is, I suppose, a fair ex¬ 
ample of the heaves. 
I have no doubt that regular feeding Avith 
chopped and Avet fodder, and exclusion of 
dust from hay fed to other animals in the 
same stable, Avould render many horses now 
deemed almost Avorthless, and Avhich mani¬ 
festly endure great suffering, equally valuable 
for most purposes, with those rijat -ire sound. 
[Indiana Farmer. 
A CHAPTER ON WATERING HORSES. 
Although feAV persons pay proper atten¬ 
tion to this department of stable manage¬ 
ment, yet a little reflection will prove of 
Iioav much importance it is that the horse 
should be supplied with such water as is 
most palatable to him. Horses have a great 
aversion to what is termed hard water, and 
have been known to turn aAvay from the 
filthy stuff found in the trough of some of 
our stables : the water of Avells and pumps 
in our seaport tOAvns is usually hard, and 
possesses a degree of coldness not at all 
congenial Avith the palate of the animal. 
The intense coldness of Avell Avater, in the 
Summer months, has been known to gripe, 
and produce spasmodic colic, injuring the 
animal in other Avays. 
Pure Avater will never hurt a horse, if 
given to him at proper times and in small 
quantities; the English grooms generally 
Avater from a bucket three times daily; 
Avater given in this manner scarcely, if ever, 
does harm; but let a horse be driven hard, 
and then allow him to go to the trough and 
imbibe Avater, ad libitum , more than he 
actually needs, the same may prove injuri¬ 
ous, and result in some disease known as 
“ founder." The latter clause is in accord¬ 
ance Avith the popular theories of the day, 
Avhich are always open to argument. Hence, 
Ave shall now examine into the merits of 
the case. 
We don’t believe one-half of the multitude 
of stories that are told about Avater “ found¬ 
ering horses in a great majority of cases 
the blame rests Avith Mr. Fastman, avIio has 
either over-driven or over-worked the poor 
brute, or else has suffered him, when heated, 
to cool off Avithout the necessary care and 
attention Avhich should always be observed 
when animals are fatigued or perspiring 
freely. 
Hard usage, Avilful neglect, and Avanton 
cruelty are more likely to produce disease 
than the “ universal beverage” so accepta¬ 
ble to the palate of a weary or thirsty horse. 
Hoav often do Ave see a “ let ” horse come 
into the stable all exhausted and used-up, 
scarcely able to advance one limb before 
another ? Examine into the facts, and Ave 
shall find that the poAvers of the subject 
have perhaps been overtaxed. He has been 
driven too far, or at too rapid a rate for the 
present state of his constitution to endure ; 
and perhaps he has not had sufficient nour¬ 
ishment to repair the Avaste incidental to the 
living mechanism under the states of rapid 
and protracted labor. Is not this enough to 
account for the used-up condition ? Is it 
not more rational to suppose that abuse of 
the respiratory organs, and those of locomo¬ 
tion, operates far more unfavorably on the 
horse than Avater l It is. But Mr. Fastman 
must, if there be any blame rightly belong¬ 
ing to him, try to shift the same from his 
shoulders, and therefore he avails himself 
of a popular error, “ He drank too much 
water." Yet the individual has no means of 
ascertaining the precise quantity needed. 
We might say the same as regards our 
truck horses, whose labors are very fatigu¬ 
ing ; they come from their work, and as 
