AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
329 
with the steadiness of the pear stock, it re¬ 
tains the fertility of the quince. 
Much has been said about the short-living 
of the quince stock. If properly planted in 
genial soil, which is not exhausted or im¬ 
poverished by intervening field crops with¬ 
out a reasonable supply of manure, as most 
of our apple orchards are ; if free from ill 
weeds and shrubs, and other drawbacks, the 
quince-grafted tree will thrive for fifty years 
or more. Some actual facts will prove what 
I state. Hon. M. P. Wilder has in his gar¬ 
den in Dorchester, trees which he bought 
from the widow of Mr. Parmentier, Long 
Island, some twenty years ago. They have 
yielded fine crops almost every year. Some 
have been regrafted with new varieties ; one 
of them with Beurre Clairgeau, which bore 
this year between one and two bushels of 
the finest and largest pears. These trees 
look healthy, despite all their mutilations, 
and there is no reason to anticipate a dimin- 
tion of growth or crops. These trees are 
on the quince, but they have been planted by 
a man w'ho knows how to manage trees. 
In the same garden are some fineUrbanist 
trees,—a part on the pear, and a part on the 
quince,—planted in the same spot, in the 
same year. Those on pear roots are now 
beginning to bear some spare fruits, while 
the others, on quince, have yielded bushels 
of fruit for the last seven years, and are ac¬ 
tually loaded with a splendid crop. All are 
equally healthy; but, those on pear stock, 
not having exhausted part of their vigor in 
the best marketable produce for years back, 
are rather more vigorous. By thinning the 
crop early, so as to make it moderate, those 
pyramids may be easily brought up to the full 
vigor of their unproductive neighbors. Now 
comes the important question, 
“ Will quince roots do for orchards V 
For orchards, as we find them on most of 
our farms, a promenade ground for cattle, a 
dreary waste of ill weeds, badly cultivated 
and shallow soil, stagnant water, injudicious 
selection of varieties, and more injudicious 
pruning with axes or dull shopping knives— 
no, sir! No fruit tree of a refined class, no 
tree of any value, will do in such conditions. 
One half of the trouble, manure and labor, 
which a poor vineyard requires in France, 
would make a thrifty pear orchard, and 
would certainly pay better. 
Let us look at some fine nurseries, or or¬ 
chards (schools), where specimen trees are 
cultivated with care, and in proper soil and lo¬ 
calities, and facts, those stubborn things, will 
soon bring conviction in the place of doubts. 
Messrs. Elwanger & Barry, and others, in 
Rochester; Mr. Wilder and Mr. IIovey,near 
Boston ; Chas. Downing, in Newburg ; Dr. 
Grant, near Peekskill; Mr. Reid, Elizabeth¬ 
town, N, J.; and many others, cultivate the 
pear on the quince stock with the best re¬ 
sults. At Mr. Chas. Downing’s, where eve¬ 
ry fruit and flower is cultivated in perfec¬ 
tion, the surface of the ground in the dwarf 
orchards is covered with straw, refuse hay, 
&c., and no care nor cultivation is required ; 
no weeds find their way through that car¬ 
pet, renewed or supplied with new straw or 
brush every two or threeyears. Mr. Down¬ 
ing seems to be perfectly satisfied with his 
system, and indeed he must be. 
In conclusion, let me say that, when one 
expects to reap the fruit of industry, he 
needs to give the proper attention to it; if he 
expects a fruit tree to yield crops of the 
most refined fruit, and to grow as a maple 
or a cedar in the woods, he is badly mistak¬ 
en. The old saying that “ a tree must take 
care of itself,” is nonsense, when applied to 
fruit trees of improved kinds. It would do 
as well to plant dahlias or prairie roses in a 
a swamp, or among thistles and briars. 
A great deal more remains to be said, but 
I have already extended my remarks too far. 
He who wants large crops of pears, indif- 
erent in size or quality, may plant all his 
trees on the pear stock, in deep soil; but he 
has to wait from ten to fifteen years. If you 
want large fine fruit, which, in fact, pays 
better with less trouble and expense, select 
your varieties on the qnince. These will 
often bear the first year, and always the 
third or fourth from their planting. If 1 had 
thirty trees to plant, twenty should be on 
the quince, the balance on pear stock. 
Some varieties will not grow upon the 
quince, but even these do well double worked, 
that is, budded or grafted upon a variety 
worked already upon the quince and suc¬ 
ceeding upon it.. The French call it inter¬ 
mediaiy grafting. 
In planting orchards, the same care and 
the same digging is required for a standard 
as for a quince stock, but how different, the 
result ? Ask Mr. Hovey, and others around 
Boston, from which they derive their largest 
profits. They all agree that the quince root 
has paid the soil, the expenses, tree and all, 
long before a pear stock has shown any sign 
of bearing. 
Below is, according to my own and my 
friends’ experience, a list of varieties which 
will do for the market, till new and as good 
varieties can be added. We must consider 
that the introduction of new varieties of 
fruit into the market is not an easy thing. 
Those named below are also the best adapt¬ 
ed to the most of the States between 30 and 
42 degrees of north latitude. 
I. 
Varieties of pears which do well on the pear- 
stock or when double-worked. 
{The following are not so certain as the 
above, though succeeding well enough.) 
Bonne d’Ezees—Sept., mid¬ 
dle. 
Beurrd Clairgeau—Oct.,Nov. 
Winter Nelis—Jan. 
Dearborn Seedling—Sept., 
early. 
Belle Lucrative—Sept. 
Easter Beurre—winter. 
Easter Bergamot—winter. 
Columbia—Nov., Dec. 
Doyenne Sterckman (the true 
Beurre St.,)—Sept-, Oct. 
III. 
Amateur's Fruit on Pear-stocks. 
Beurrd Haggerston—early 
Fulton—Sept., Oct. 
Sheldon—Sept., Oct. 
W ashington—Sept. 
Beurre Bose—Oct. 
Calebasse Bose, (Paradise 
of Autumn)—Oct. 
Westcolt—Sept , Oct. 
St. Ghislain—early Sept. 
Sept. 
Bloodgood—early Sept. 
Ananas d’Ete, (good on 
quince,)—Sept. 
Cushing—Sept. 
Calhoun—Oct. 
Chancellor—Nov., Dec. 
IV. 
Amateur's Fruit 
Tyson—Sept. 
Howell—Oct. 
Meriam—Sept., Oct. 
Oswego Beurre—Sept., Oct. 
Sterling—Sept. 
Ott’s Seedling- Sept. 
Brandywine—Sept. 
White Doyenne—Sept., Oct 
Nouveau Poiteau — Sept. 
Oct. 
Doyenne Gris—Oct. 
Henry the IVth—Sept.. Oct. 
Beurre Langelier—winter. 
Theodore Van Mons—Sept. 
Pius Ninth—Sept., Oct. 
on Quince-stocks. 
Figue of Alemjon—early 
winter. 
Berg’tte Siculle—Sept., Oct. 
Baronne de Mello- Sept. 
Fondante de Malines-Sept., 
Oct. 
Bergamotte Esperen—(all 
winter.) 
Beurre Goubault—Sept. 
Beurre Giffard—Aug. 
Beurre Nantais-Sept, 
Beurre St. Nicholas—Sept. 
Beurre Dumortier—Oct. 
Van Assche—Sept., Oct. 
AMERICAN P0M0L0G1CAL SOCEITT. 
The recent session of this Society held 
in Rochester, was well attended. The dis¬ 
play of fruit was not as good as on son e 
former occasions, in consequence of an iin- 
propitious season. The discussions, how¬ 
ever, were interesting and important, and 
we may hereafter recur to them. It was de¬ 
cided to hold the next session in the City of 
New-York, and we bespeak for the Society 
a generous welcome. We understand that 
the New-York Horticultural Society has 
already moved in the matter, and will ex¬ 
tend to the Pomological Society the usual 
hospitalities. In this we trust they will be 
aided by our wealthy citizens and the muni¬ 
cipal authorities as has been the case in 
Boston, Philadelphia, and elsewhere.—En. 
THE CONCORD GRAPE. 
This new variety, which caused so much 
discussion at its introduction some four 
years ago, is settling down to a place among 
standard fruits, in northern gardens. No 
grape was ever introduced with a louder 
flourish of trumpets, and few were ever as¬ 
sailed with severer criticism. It is gradual- 
Those marked a do not succeed well on 
quince stocks. Those marked b do bear as 
early and as well as others on the quince. 
They are arranged according to their value 
for general cultivation, market purposes, &c. 
b. Bartlett—Sept. 
b. Madeleine—Aug. 
a. Seckle, (sometimes does 
well on quince.) 
b. Beurre Clairgeau—Oct., 
Nov. 
a. Columbia—Nov 
a. Dix—Dec. 
n. Doyenne Boussock—Sept. 
a. I^awrence, (often good on 
quince)—Nov., Dec. 
a. Heathcot—Sept. 
a. Onondaga—Oct. 
a. Kingsessing—Sept. 
a. Pratt—Sept., 0,:t. 
— Philadelphia—Sept. 
b. Buffum — Sept., Oct. 
And many others. The above are all good 
looking fruits, and of course will sell readily. 
II. 
Varieties adapted to the quince-stock, which 
also do well on the pear-stock. 
Louise bonne de Jersey- 
Sept., Oct. 
Duchesse d’Angouleme— 
Oct, Nov. 
Beurre Diel—Oct., Nov. 
Vicar of Winkfield—winter 
Urbaniste—Oct., Nov. 
Beurrd Superfin—Oct. 
Beurre Hardy (or Sterck¬ 
man)—Sept. 
Abbott—Sept. 
Belle Epine Dumas—Dec., 
Jan. 
Beurre d’Anjou— Oct., Nov. 
Flemish Beauty—Sept. 
Andrews—Sept. 
.Kirtland’s Seckle—Sept, 
j Brandy wine—Sept. 
Steven's Genesee—Sept. 
Doyenne d’Alenfon—winter 
Glout Morceau—winter. 
ly winning favor, and appears destined to 
become popular, where the Isabella will 
not ripen. A fruit grower in Connecticut 
recently informed us, that it has done re¬ 
markably well with him, ripened this year 
by the 1st of September, while the Diana did 
not mature until the 16th, and the Isabella 
not until the last of the month. This is 
valuable testimony to its early maturity. 
The price has fallen from five dollars to one, 
and is now within the reach of all who de¬ 
sire it. We hear of gentlemen, who are 
making large plantations of it.—En. 
How they do it in Minnesota. —An editor 
of a Minnesota paper gravely states that 
one of his subscribers informs him, that six 
weeks after planting his corn it was fit for 
the table! Minnesota, no doubt, is a great 
country ; our own opinion, however, is that 
in this case the editor was decidedly corned. 
