AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
317 
INTRODUCTION OF PLANTS INTO ENGLAND 
Pine apples were first grown by Rose, gar¬ 
dener to Charles II. 
Sir Walter Raleigh introduced the potato. 
Sir Anthony Ashley, the ancestor of Lord 
Shaftesbury, first planted cabbages in this 
country, and a cabbage appears at his feet on 
his monument. ; 
Figs were planted in Henry VIlI.’s reign, 
at Lambeth by cardinal Pole, and it is said 
that the identical trees are yet remaining. 
Spleman, who erected the first paper mill 
at Dartford, brought over the two first lime 
trees, which he planted at Dartford and which 
are still growing there. 
Thomas Cromwell enriched the garden of 
England with three different kinds of plums. 
It was Evelyn, whose patriotism Avas not 
exceeded by his learning who largely propa¬ 
gated the noble oak in this country; so 
much so, that the trees which he planted 
have supplied the navy of Great Britain with 
its chief proportion of the timber. 
Cherries were first planted in Kent, by the 
Knight Temples, who brought them from the 
East; and the first mulberry trees were also 
planted in Kent by the Knights of St. John 
of Jerusalem. 
Auberysays that Sir Richard Weston first 
brought clover grass out of Brabant. The 
introduction of turnips, and also of sainfoin, is 
attributed to him, and his memory is still re¬ 
vered by every inhabitant of Surry ac¬ 
quainted with his deeds. 
Measures of Different Countries. —The 
Newburyport Herald, in the course of an arti¬ 
cle on Weights and Measures, remarks that 
no two nations have the same—though the 
same name to designate them may be used 
in many countries. Take the mile measure, 
for instance : In England and the United 
States, a mile means 1,760 yards ; in the 
Netherlands, it is 1,093 yards ; while in 
Germany it is 10,129 yards, or nearly six 
English miles ; in France, 2,025 yards. The 
Scotch mile is 1,984 yards, and the Irish 
3,038 yards. The Spanish mile is 2,472 
yards, and the Swedish mile 11,700,yards. 
These are computed in English yards ; but 
the yard itself, of three feet in length, has 
divers significations in different places. The 
English yard is 36 inches: French 39.13 
inches ; the Geneva yard, 57.60 ; the Aus¬ 
trian, 37.35; the Spanish yard, 33.09; the 
Prussian, 36.57; the Russian, 30.51. For 
measures of capacity, the dissimilarity is 
yet wider and more perplexing. The British 
have two sorts of bushels, the Imperial and 
the Winchester, of different capacity. The 
Winchester bushel is the United States 
standard; but the State of New-York has 
another of different capacity, and other States 
have varying standards of their own. These 
are incommensurable with the measures of 
any other nation. 
Servants Half Price. —“Is the giraffe to 
be seen here V’ 
“ Yes, sir.’' 
“ I want to see him.” 
“ Very well, sir.” 
“ It’s fifty cents, isn’t it 1” 
“ One dollar, sir. Fifty cents for serv¬ 
ants,” 
“ Well, I’m a servant.” 
“ You a servant!” 
“Yes, sir.” 
“ Whose 1” 
“ Yours, sir ; your humble servant." 
“ Walk in and take a seat.” 
The joke was well worth the price of ad¬ 
mission. __ 
Never get angry. It is only the foolish 
who are guilty of such a weakness. 
The Old Man’s Secret. —An Italian bish¬ 
op struggled through great difficulties with¬ 
out repining, and met with much opposition 
without ever betraying the least impatience. 
An intimate friend of his, who highly ad¬ 
mired these virtues, which he thought im¬ 
possible to imitate, one day asked the bishop 
if he could communicate his secret of being 
always easy. 
“Yes;”—replied the old man—“I can 
teach you my secret with great facility. It 
consists in nothing more than making a right 
use of my eyes.” 
His friend begged him to explain himself. 
“ Most willingly,”—returned the bishop— 
“ In whatsoever state I am, I first of all look 
up to heaven, and remember that my princi¬ 
pal business here, is to get there. I then 
look down on the earth, and call to mind how 
small a space I shall occupy in it when I 
come to be interred. I then look abroad on 
the world and observe what multitudes there 
are who are in all respects more unhappy 
than myself. Thus I learn where true hap¬ 
piness is placed, where all our cares must 
end, and how very little reason I have to re¬ 
pine or complain.” 
lltiftids. 
Remarks. —Flour has fallen the past week 
fully 50 cts. per bbl. It was supposed after 
the close of navigation, that sufficient could 
not be transported from the west on the 
railroad, for the supplies of the sea coast 
towns and cities ; butthe contrary has proved 
to be the fact, and a large surplus is now on 
hand here. Corn has fallen from 4 to 5 cts. 
per bushel. 
The weather continued mild till Monday 
evening, witn a severe gale and warm rain 
the preceeding evening, which some distance 
north of us turned into the worst snowstorm 
of the season. It cleared off cold Monday 
night, this morning we have a driving snow, 
which we think may turn to rain in a few 
hours. Thus far we have had no sleighing 
in this city. 
PRODUCE MARKET. 
Tuesday, January 23, 1855. 
The prices given in our reports from week to week , are the 
average ivholesale prices obtained by producers, andnot those 
at which produce is sold from the market. The variations in 
prices refer chiefly to the quality of the articles. 
As was noticed in our last, the open weather of late had 
quite an influence on the market. Small quantities of 
potatoes have been coming in from places near by, and 
made a considerable depression. This is especially true 
ofturnips, the market being quite overdone, with the 
prospect that they will go still lower. A lengthened pe¬ 
riod of cold weather, such as we have to-day, will doubt¬ 
less revive it again. 
Apples have come in more plentifully of late, and the 
market is well supplied. The prices, however, remain 
firm. 
Eggs have dropped down considerably. Butter and 
cheese remain the same. 
Vegetables.— Potatoes, New-Jersey Mercers, $3 25(5) 
$3 75 ip bbl.; Western Mercers, $3 25®$3 75 ; Nova 
Scotia Mercers, $3 25®$3 50 P bbl.; New-Jersey Car¬ 
ters, $3 50®$375Pbbl.; Washington Co. Carters, $325(5) 
$3 50 ; Junes, $3 25; Western Reds, $2 50®$2 75 ; 
White Pink Eyes, $2 50—scarce ; Yellow Pink Eyes, $2 50 
(5>$3 ; Long Reds, $212®$2 50; Virginia, Sweet Pota¬ 
toes, none ; Philadelphia, $4 50(S)$5 00; Turnips, Ruta 
Baga $1 32(5)175; White, $1 00(S)$1 25 ; Onions, White, 
$4 25 ; Red, $2 25®$2 50; Yellow, $2 75; Cabbages, 
75c(S)$l 25 p doz ; Beets, $125 P 1 bbl.; Carrots, $l;Pars- 
nips, $1 25. 
Fruits.— Apples, Spitzenbergs and Greenings, $2 50® 
$3 00 p bbl.; Russets and Gilliflowers, $2 25®$2 50. 
Butter, Orange Co., 21®24c. pib.; Western, 15®18c.; 
Eggs, 28c. p doz.; Cheese, 10c.®llc. p lb. 
NEW-YORK CATTLE MARKET. 
Wednesday January 24, 1855. 
The delay of cattle, spoken of last week, inconsequence 
of the troubles on the Eric Railroad, has thrown a much 
larger number into market to-day. As might be expected, 
there is a decline in the market, though nothing very ma¬ 
terial, considering the supply of animals is about twice as 
large. The demand to-day is good, and the brokers, as 
usual, strike for high prices, but the butchers having so 
large a number to select from, the former have seen fit to 
drop down to about 10} for the best. Next week they will 
doubtless command a little higher prices. 
Nearly all the animals which are good for any thing will 
probably find a market to-day, and in point of excellence, 
we are pleased to say there is considerable improvement. 
Many of the Yards afford really good specimens of beef 
cattle, though, here and there, we came across some of 
the “ grades.” The cattle, it is said, shrink away in driv¬ 
ing-more than they did last year, and this may be a par¬ 
tial answer to our occasional strictures. It is evident, 
however, in many cases, that the animals have ample 
room to shrink away, and are therefore less censurable 
than their owners. 
The following are about the highest and lowest prices : 
Superior quality beef is selling at.10®10}c. p lb. 
Fairquality do. ...8}®10c. 3: do. 
Inferior do. do. . 7®8}c. do 
Beeves . 7c.®10}c. 
Cows and Calves . $30® $60. 
Veals . 4}c.®6c. 
Sheep. $3® $7. 
Lambs. $2 50®$8. 
Swine . 5c.®5f. 
Washington Yards, Forty-fourth-street. 
A. M. Allerton, Proprietor. 
received during the week. in market to-day 
Beeves,. 2239 1766 
Cows,. 27 - 
Veals,. 218 - 
Sheep and lambs,. 1013 - 
Swine,. I486 - 
Of these there came by the Erie Railroad—beeves.. 900 
Swine.I486 
By the Harlem Railroad—Beeves. 379 
Veals. 218 
Cows. 27 
Sheep and Lambs_ 1013 
By the Hudson River Railroad. 300 
By the Hudson River Steamboats. — 
New-York State furnished, f566; Pennsylvania, 117 ; 
Indiana, 130 ; Kentucky, 109; New-Jersey, 12; Connecti¬ 
cut, 55; Ohio, 445. 
The report of sales for the week, at Browning's, are as 
follows: 
Sheep and Lambs.3396 
Beeves. 317 
Veals. 75 
Cows and Calves.. 50 
The following sale were made at Chamberlain’s : 
579 Beef Cattle.8®10}c. 
61 Cows and Calves..$20®$60 
5,128 Sheep. $2®$6 50. 
28 Calves..4}®7c. 
SHEEP MARKET. 
Wednesday, January 24, 1855. 
The sheep market has undergone little change since 
last week. The stock has been of good quality, and in 
good demand. To-day there is a scarcity of stock on 
hand, which is held at good prices. The prospect for the 
week to come is still better, 
Mr. Samuel McGraw, Sheep Broker at Browning’s, re¬ 
ports sales of about 820 sheep, ranging from $2 90 to $15 
50 p head. The latter were very choice specimens from 
Syracuse, N. Y., and sold to Wm. P. Woodcock, at Tomp¬ 
kins market. 
Also, at Brownings, Mr. James McCarly reports sales 
of756 sheep and lambs, for $2,805, averaging $3 71 apiece, 
and in the following lots and prices: 
77 Sheep. 
19 Sheep. 
44 Sheep and Lambs. 
62 Sheep and Lambs. 
52 
do. 
do. 
24 
do. 
do 
102 
do. 
do 
75 Sheep 
14 Sheep. 
34 Sheep, 
79 Sheep 
86 Sheep 
88 Sheep 
$223 25 
77 00 
205 50 
279 50 
221 00 
66 00 
340 75 
337 50 
97 88 
142 00 
335 75 
260 50 
208 75 
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