AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
171 
Root Crops—Keep the ground free from weeds and well 
stirred between the rows. 
Rye—Complete harvesting both winter and spring va¬ 
rieties. Sow winter crop 11. 
Seed Wheat, Rye, &c—If all foul stuff was pulled 
from the seed patch, it will only be necessary to thresh 
with flaiis, and sift out the small shriveled grains. See 
article on “ Saving Seed Wheat.” 
Sheep—Protect from dogs by placing bells upon a few 
of the flock, the jingling sometimes frighten dogs. 
Stone Fences—Build as opportunity offers, using up the 
stone and securing a good permanent fence at the same 
time. 
Sugar Cane—Cut a portion of the Chinese and feed to 
milch cows or cure it for winter use. If cutf. m. it will 
make a second growth of similar size for late harvest. See 
article in this number. 
Timber— Cut during this month if the best preserving 
quality is sought. 
Timothy—Sow with rye 11. if this crop is used to seed 
down with. Next month will be in time for the main crop. 
Tobacco—Commence harvesting when the leaves have 
acquired a mottled, gummy appearance and break when 
doubled over. 
Turnips may still be sown ff. among corn and potatoes, 
or after early crops. Flat or cow-horn varieties should be 
used instead of ruta bagas for such late sowings. Culti¬ 
vate, hoe and thin former plantings. 
Weeds—Make into compost, or feed to swine instead 
of raising for seed, particularly about the manure heap. 
Wheat—Cut Spring varieties at the north m. 1. Pre¬ 
pare grounds 11. for early sowing next month. Winter 
wheat may be sown this month. Nature sows for the 
next crop as soon as the old one is ripe. 
ORCHARD AND NURSERY. 
The fruit grower is now reaping the reward of his per¬ 
severing labors, in the luscious Peaches, Plums, Early 
Apples and Pears, whose sunny cheeks and sweet aroma 
gratify both the eye and the palate. Well may he feel a 
laudable pride as he views his fully loaded trees, the 
branches of some of w hich he has had to support to pre¬ 
vent their breaking under the weight of a heavy crop of 
large sized perfect fruit, and he now feels amply paid for 
the extra care bestowed upon his orchard by way of ma¬ 
nuring, pruning, cleansing the trunks, destroying insects 
and thinning the fruit. 
In both Orchard and Nursery the Summer pruning 
commenced last month, may be continued during August. 
The chief work of the Nurseryman for the present, 
however, is 
Budding—Which should be continued on the different 
varieties as the state of the stock and ripeness of the buds 
indicate the proper season. It is useless to attempt bud¬ 
ding when the bark of the seedling will not separate rea¬ 
dily Those inserted last month should be examined in 
about three weeks after the operation and bandages loos¬ 
ened il necessary. Rebud if the first has failed to unite. 
Caterpillars—Examine for late broods of these, and 
check their ravages at once. 
Fallen Fruit—Collect bv hand, or allow swine a range 
of the orchard. Cook all that falls prematurely, to destroy 
the worms remaining in it. 
Fences—Keep in good repair, as cattle are fond of nip¬ 
ping off the new growth if an entrance can be obtained to 
Ute grounds. 
Hoeing of Nursery grounds should not be neglected this 
month, nor should the soil about newly planted, or even 
other fruit trees nourish a crop of weeds. 
Inarching—This is the proper season for performing the 
operation upon many trees and plants. See full direc¬ 
tions on another page. 
Insects—Keep up the torches, and suspend bottles as 
per directions already given. 
Layer shrubs, trees and vines, as treated of in a subse¬ 
quent column. 
Peaches w ill need gathering and marketing during the 
early part of the month. Pick before they are soft, else 
they will bruise in transporting. 
Pears, particularly early varieties are now ripening and 
should te gathered and laid upon shelves or sent to market 
while film. The flavor is not injured but rather improved 
by picking before fully ripe and maturing them in houses. 
Pruning—Complete f. m. We strongly advise sum¬ 
mer and fall pruning in preference to deferring it till 
winter or Spring. 
Seedlings ofall kinds should be kept free from weeds. 
Shade the evergreens, and other varieties liable to burn 
off, by a partial screen, or place them under the branches 
of trees. 
Stones or nits—Collect and put in the ground or in boxes 
of moderately dry sand or earth. If long kept in a dry 
state they will rarely vegetate. 
Thin late fruit ff. if not already attended to. 
Vines—Continue to train new growth, and layer for 
an Increase of stock. 
Weeds—Give these to the hoe or hogs, instead of their 
taking both food and drink from your grounds. 
KITCHEN AND FRUIT GARDEN. 
The planting season is nearly over and attention to the 
grou'ing crops will claim the gardener’s chief labors. Any 
spots rendered vacant by failures or removals of early 
crops may, however, still be sown to Dutch turnips, or 
planted with late Cabbages. Soil is not like a jaded horse 
which needs rest after performing a journey. Give it a 
good coating of manure, with a thorough plowing or spad¬ 
ing and it is as willing to produce a second crop as it was 
the first. It should not be allowed to spend even the re¬ 
mainder of the season in idleness while there is an in 
creasing demand for almost every cultivated vegetable 
production. A glance at the table below will call atten¬ 
tion to most of the garden products, commencing with the 
Asparagus Bed, which should not be given up to weeds 
now that its season for usefulness is over. Keep it as 
clean as heretofore for the future benefit of tile bed. 
Beans—Early Kidneys may still be planted ff. except 
at the far North. 
Beets—Thin those sown last month. Early ones are 
ready for use. Pull from the thickest parts of the bed. 
Cabbages—Cauliflowers and Brocoli—Plant ff. for late 
use, if they were not all putin last month. Keep grounds 
w ell stirred about former plantings. 
Celery—Put out the remaining crop ff'. wetting both the 
trenches and the plants after setting. See treatment on 
another page. 
Corn Salad—Sow 11. for winter and spring crop. 
Currants and Gooseberries—Prune in. 1. cutting out old 
decaying wood. Head back, and shape to a tree form, as 
seen on page 112 of May number. 
Espalier or Wall trees—Regulate branches, and prune 
if necessary. 
Grape Vines—Read chapters on. 
Herbs—Complete gathering, cutting while in full flow¬ 
er. Dry and pack in tight boxes or bottles after sifting. 
Hops—Pick during dry weather as they ripen. See ar¬ 
ticle on their culture. 
Insects—Continue to destroy those injurious to vegeta¬ 
tion as per directions of last month. 
Lettuce—Sow and plant out f. m. 1. 
Mushrooms—Collect spawn ff and make beds m. 1. 
Onions—Sow 11. for sets to plant out next spring. 
Peas—Sow ff. for late. Clear grounds of the haulm or 
straw of early crops and resow with peas or turnips. 
Radishes—Sow f. m. 1. for succession. 
Raspberries—Cut out bearing canes which have ripened 
their crop. Collect and house the stakes. 
Seeds—Collect as many as possible and preserve them 
in dry places, labelling w ith care. 
Spinach—Sow f. m. 1. for Autumn use. 
Strawberries—Make beds and plant at any time dur¬ 
ing the month, mulching and watering freely. 
Tomatoes—Stake or bush ff. 
Turnips—Sow Ruta Bugas ff except at the North 
where Dutch varieties will succeed best at this season. 
Read chapters in last number and on another page of the 
present issue. 
Water—Give slops, wash water, &c., to currant bushes, 
strawberry beds, and newly planted vegetables. 
Weeds—Raise vegetables instead of a crop of weeds to 
impoverish the soil, and leave seed for future toil or labor 
to exterminate. 
FLOWER GARDEN AND LAWN. 
Many of the directions given last month will apply for 
the present. Annuals now present a fine show of bloom, 
and late perennials succeed the early flowering varieties. 
The principal labors in this department should now be 
directed to keeping the grounds clean and attractive, and 
the soil loose about the plants. Many ofthe potted plants 
brought from the houses in June and July, will require a 
shift into larger pots. 
Bulbous Plants—Those intended to be removed this 
season should be lifted ff if not done last month. Some 
of the earlier blooming varieties, such as Snow Drop, 
Crocus, Iris, &c , may be planted 11. although next month 
will be in season. Now is aproper time to sow seeds, for 
new varieties. 
Carnations and Picotees—Continue to layer ff. m. 
Separate and plant out former layerings w'hich have 
rooted, watering freely. 
Chrysanthemum—Layer f. m. those intended to propa¬ 
gate. Stake f. m. 
Clarkia and Coreopsis—Sow in pots or on warm borders 
11 . 
Dahlias are now the “ Pride of the Garden,” if a goodly 
number of various colors were interspersed at planting 
time. Stake to prevent injury by winds or storms, and 
prune off superfluous branches. Frequent waterings, and 
a mulch about the roots improve the appearance of the 
bloom. 
Flower Stalks—Cut away perennials and biennials as 
fast as they complete their bloom, and remove annuals 
entirely, giving the space to later varieties. 
Gravel Walks— Hoe or weed often, raking smoothly. 
Hedges—Clip m. 1. unless it was done during the latter 
part of last month. 
Hoe often all cultivated grounds, walks, &c., removing 
the weeds with the rake. 
Hollyhocks—Propagate by suckers, or cuttings of the 
same. 
Insects Do not allow them to increase even if they are 
not as troublesome as earlier in the season. Continue the 
Whale Oil Soap mixture for slugs on rose bushes. Adust- 
ing of lime or w ood ashes will accomplish the same pur¬ 
pose. 
Lawn and Grass Edgings—Mow evenly every two 
weeks and rake off. 
Pansies—Plant seed ff. for Spring bloom. Continue to 
layer and remove those which are well rooted. 
Peiennials—Fibrous rooted, such as Sweet William, 
Scarlet Lychnis, Ragged Robin, &c., may be parted and 
transplanted m. 1. 
Potted Plants—Loosen the earth on the surface of 
pots, and remove any decayed leaves. 
Prune Shrubs and Trees upon the Lawn, or borders, if 
necessary, always using the knife sparingly upon shade 
trees. 
Roses Continue to bud and layer ff. m See article on 
layering. 
Seeds Collect as they ripen, and save as directed 
last month 
Ten Week Stocks—Sow m. 1. for early Spring bloom¬ 
ing. 
Transplant any late annuals still needing it, watering 
thoroughly both before and after setting. Shade for a few 
days if dry hot weather succeeds. 
Verbenas—Layer ff m. for winter and Spring blooming 
in houses. 
Water—Give to potted plants especially, and those new¬ 
ly planted out. If very dry an application both morning 
and evening will be beneficial to those which absorb 
rapidly. It is better to mulch the ground before wutenng. 
• Weeds should only be found in the Flower Garden in 
the shape of native wild flowers, many of which are 
worthy of a place here. 
GREEN AND HOT HOUSE. 
A large number of plants are still in the Flower Borders, 
or in pots in the open air and are treated under “Flower 
Garden.” Those remaining will need abundance of 
Air each day, unless the weather is unfavorable. 
Annuals—Sow Mignonette, Clarkia, Coreopsis, &c.,for 
Winter flowering. 
Azalias—Give plenty of air and water, syringing fre 
quently. Shade from hot sun. 
Budding—Complete f m. 
Bulbs—Pot a few m. 1. for winter forcing. 
Callas—Repot f. m. watering moderately. 
Camellias—Repot, bud and inarch f. m. Syringe and 
water freely. 
Chrysanthemums—Sliift into blooming pots, giving li¬ 
quid manures. 
Cuttings of succulent plants make f. m. 
Earth in Pots—Loosen or stir, renewing where neces 
sary. 
Fumes of Tobacco—Give to houses containing green 
fly, apis, &c. 
Gloxinias—Those done blooming may now “ dry off.” 
Grapes—See Chapters on. 
Houses—Commence early to put them in order, before 
plants are brought in. Repair shelves and beds, glaze 
windows, cleanse the whole house thoroughly, have ropes 
weights and pullies in woiking condition, look to the 
heating apparatus, and lastly paint those houses requiring 
it, being careful to empty them from all tender succulent 
plants at the time, else the poisonous gas from new paint 
will cause defoliation. 
Insects—Allow none to increase as the brooding season 
draws to a close. Fumigate, syringe with pure water and 
the Whale Oil Soap mixture. 
Isabels—Prepare for all potted plants, writing both 
generic and specific names upon a painted surface. 
Layering and Inarching—Continue f. m. as directed 
upon another page. 
Oranges, Lemons, Shaddocks, &c.—Complete budding 
ff. m. 
Pelargoniums—Repot and make cuttings of ff. 
Potting—This is the appropriate season for shifting gen 
erally, and potting off seedlings. Complete early, that 
they may become established before winter. 
Seeds—Watch the ripening of and collect ff, m. 
Stake weak shoots, and turn often. 
Tender Plants, and those for early winter bloom. Take 
in 11. 
Verbenas, Petunias, Geraniums, <fcc.—Layer and make 
cuttings ff m. for winter flowering. Pot off those made 
last month. 
Water—Give abundantly inside, and to pots in the 
border. Syringe the foliage and walls of the house both 
morning and evening, sprinkling the floors at the same 
lime. 
