168 
KEW GARDENS. 
In 1810, a second edition was published by his son, for the 
botany of which lie was indebted to Dryander and Robert 
Brown. This contains descriptions of between nine and ten 
thousand species. 
During the reigns of George IV. and William IV. the 
Garden was very much neglected. In 1840 it was first 
opened to the public, and was placed under the superintendence 
of Sir William Hooker. At that time the Garden only 
occupied an area of eleven acres. Within a few years it was 
extended by successive additions till it reached the seventy- 
five acres, which are still enclosed within a wire fence. In 
1847 the 250 acres of what was called the Pleasure Ground 
were added, and were planted as an arboretum, or classified 
collection of trees. During the twenty-five years of the 
directorship of Sir William Hooker, the Museum and 
Herbarium departments were started and organised upon 
their present footing, and the Palm House, the large Temper¬ 
ate House, and the large Museum, were built, the former at a 
cost of £80,000. Sir William Hooker died in 1866, and was 
succeeded by his son, Sir J. D. Hooker, who for several years 
had filled the post of assistant-director. A very short time 
ago, after forty-eight years of public service in one form or 
other, Sir J. D. Hooker resigned the official directorship, and 
has been succeeded by Mr. W. Tliiselton Dyer. The principal 
additions that have been made during the twenty years of 
Sir Joseph Hooker’s directorship have been the new Herbarium, 
the Picture Gallery, the Laboratory, the long T shaped house, 
with varying temperatures, in the centre of the Garden, the 
Rockery, and the enlargement of the two Museums. 
The only old buildings which still remain from the days of 
George III. are the Pagoda, which was built by Sir William 
Chambers about 1750, the King’s Orangery (now used as a 
museum for large wood specimens), and various temples and 
ruins of the style in which our grandfathers delighted. The 
Tree-fern House near the great gates was sent from Bucking¬ 
ham Palace in the reign of William IV. 
The annual number of visitors, which was under 10,000 
in 1841, has now risen to over 1,000,000. On the summer 
Bank Holidays the number has lately varied from 50,000 to 
95,000. Exclusive of Bank Holidays, the number of those 
who visit the Gardens on a Sunday is about as great as on all 
the other days of the week put together. 
Since the institution was re-organised under Sir William 
Hooker, it has always been kept in view as one of its chief 
objects that it should be made as useful as possible to the 
Colonies, and from year to year a large proportion of the time 
