HISTORY OF THE COUNTY BOTANY OF WORCESTER. 
203 
about eight miles north-east of Chesterfield, through Buxton 
to Macclesfield, a total distance of about thirty-five miles. 
This section must be considered as diagrammatic, for besides 
having its vertical scale much exaggerated, it has been some¬ 
what generalised so as to bring into prominence the salient 
points bearing upon the structure of the Range. 
You will observe that the rocks, which, as I have said 
before, were originally laid down in a horizontal position, 
are now thrown into a huge fold or arch , with one or two 
minor folds or corrugations flanking it. 
The direction of the folding is approximately north and 
south, and looked at in a general way the strata incline from 
the centre of the arch both to the east and to the west, just 
as the slanting sides of a roof do from the ridge tile. As we 
travel from the central mass of limestone of North Derby¬ 
shire in either of these directions we pass successively, and 
in ascending order, over the edges of all the divisions of the 
Carboniferous System right up to the Coal Measures. A study 
of the map and section would strongly suggest to us that the 
strata which are now thus severed were once continuous 
right across the arch, and this is put beyond doubt, not only 
by the similarity of the sedimentary strata on either side, 
but also by the proved identity, a little further north, of 
several of the Coal Seams in the Lancashire and South 
Yorkshire Coalfields, which lie on opposite sides of the great 
fold. The crown of .the arch or anticlinal has, in the district 
we are considering, been so far destroyed since its elevation, 
by the ceaseless action of rain and river, frost and snow, 
aided to some extent by the sea, that the great mass of Coal 
Measures, Millstone Grit, and Yoredales, which once stretched 
right across from side to side, has been completely swept 
away, exposing to the light of day the Mountain Limestone ; 
so that this, the lowest member of the Carboniferous Series, 
now occupies the most elevated part of the ridge. 
(To be continued.) 
HISTORY OF THE COUNTY BOTANY OF WORCESTER. 
BY WM. MATHEWS, M.A. 
Edwin Lees in Hast. “III. Nat. His. Worc., continued." 
(Continued from page 185.) 
* Hyoscyamus niger, 156. Side of the road beyond Spetchley, but 
most abundantly near Little Malvern, at the base of the 
Herefordshire Beacon. The last named locality is possibly in 
Herefordshire. L.M. 
