SUCCESSFUL USE OF OIL TO CALM HOUGH SEAS. 
207 
* Butomus umbellatus, 162. River Severn, below Kempsey Ford. 
Dr. Streeten. Abundant by the banks of the Avon, but rare 
near Worcester. It has, however, recently stolen into the 
Birmingham Canal. S.<x. 
Hydrocharis Morsus-ranae, 178. In a pool by the side of the New 
Road, Worcester. Also in several other ponds near Powick 
and Kempsey. 
* Orchis pyramidalis, 175. On the edge of the wood near the Lime 
Kilns at the Croft Farm, Mathon; and abundantly in the 
meadows by the Spout Brook, at Eastham. Mr. Lees. L.M. 
* 0. ( Gyrnnadenia ) conopsea, 176. Abundantly in the meadows at 
the northern end of the Malvern Range. L.M. 
* 0. ( Habenaria ) viridis, 176. On Hill Top, Cotheridge. Mr. Walcot. 
Meadow near Cowleigh Park, Malvern {Hereford). In a wet 
meadow at the northern base of the Round Hill, Abberley, 
plentifully. Messrs. Lees and Edmunds. L.M. 
* 0. ( Habenaria ) bifolia, 175. In various hilly woods at Powick, 
Abberley, Malvern, &c., but not in any great abundance. 
Habenaria chlorantlia, Bab., is the plant probably intended here. 
L.M. 
* Ophrys apifera, 176. In great abundance at Leigh Sinton. In 
almost equal abundance on the travertine by the Spout Brook 
at Eastham. Mr. Lees. S.G. L.M. 
* Neottia spiralis ( Spiranthes autumnalis), 176. In Kempsey Grove. 
Dr. Streeten. On the Common near Hunter’s Hall, Little 
Malvern, and on the mound of Crookbarrow, near Worcester. 
Mr. Lees. S.G. L.M. 
Listera ( Neottia ) Nidus Avis, 176. In a coppice at Kempsey. Dr. 
Streeten. 
Epipactis latifolia. In a place called the Dingle {Ham Dingle), at 
Pedmore, near Stourbridge, and in the deep shades of the 
Devil’s Den, at Clifton-on-Teme. Mr. Lees. 
* E. ( Cephalanthera) ensifolia, 177. On the top of Abberley Hill. 
Rev. T. Butt. In the deep retired glades of Bewdley Forest, 
between Mopson’s Cross and the Sorb Tree. Messrs. Walcot 
and Lees. S.G. 
ON THE SUCCESSFUL USE OF OIL TO CALM 
ROUGH SEAS. 
BY W. P. MARSHALL, M.I.C.E. 
(Concluded from page 174.) 
The oil shells that have been used contain about three 
quarters of a gallon of oil, and they are fired from a mortar 
with a charge of eight ounces of pebble powder. The shell 
is simply an oil-flask, at the bottom of which is a recess for 
a special fuse, which consists of two small chambers, in which 
there is a projecting submarine fuse about an inch in length. 
The fuse is capped with a composition that renders it abso¬ 
lutely water-proof, and is so constructed as to secure its 
