228 
A CELLAR FUNGUS. 
been subjected to denuding forces ages before the sedimentary 
rocks, which form the greater part of those mountain chains, 
had even been laid down in their ocean beds. 
The Charnwood ridge has been produced by an anticlinal 
fold with its axis running N.W. and S.E. This fold has been 
ruptured at the crown of the arch by the great forces"which 
brought about its elevation, and the western ridge has in con¬ 
sequence been forced some 500 feet higher than the eastern. 
Such a rupture, attended with the vertical uplift of the rock 
on one side of the great earth crack, is called a fault, and if 
it had not been for the constant planing action of sub-aerial 
forces keeping pace with the slow uplift, we should have had 
one side of the range elevated as a lofty wall of rock above 
the other side. As it is, however, nature has so planed the 
surface that the old scar is not visible, and can only be inferred 
from the want of correspondence in the beds on either side of 
the anticlinal. 
On the west of the Charnwood area the actual super¬ 
position of the Carboniferous strata upon their old sea bottom 
consisting of Charnwood Rocks, is not visible, owing to the 
existence of another large fault running parallel with the 
anticlinal fault, letting down the Coal Measures against the 
former. It is only on the north and north-west that the 
Mountain Limestone, the lowest member of the Carboniferous 
system, is found resting upon the Forest rocks ; and here we 
find unmistakable evidence that the latter must have been 
immensely disturbed and denuded before the Limestone was 
laid down upon them. Such a super-position is known as an 
unconformity , in contradistinction to the term conformity, 
which is used to express an unbroken sequence of sedimenta¬ 
tion, like, for instance, that of the various members of the 
Carboniferous system from the Mountain Limestone right 
up to the Coal Measures. 
(To be continued.) 
A CELLAR FUNGUS. 
BY W. B. GROVE, B.A. 
It is a striking fact that some fungi, when grown in dark 
or unventilated places, assume a form quite different from 
their normal one. The significance of this fact has not, 
to my knowledge, been investigated. There is a tough 
Agaric-like species, Lentinus lepideus, which was probably 
originally introduced into this country ‘by foreign timber, in 
