Feb., 1891. a visit to the north cape and Norway. 
31 
they are “ trimmed ” by chopping off the heads and tails, and 
then packed in barrels for export. They are literally as dry as 
sticks, and the process of trimming is just like chopping wood ; 
the refuse heads and tails go for manure. There is a large trade 
in this dried fish for winter food throughout the country, and 
also to Italy. It looked as if it would need a great deal of 
stewing. 
8. —Hand-dredging in Bergen harbour ; a very primitive apparatus, a 
scoop and bag at the end of a long pole that is attached about 
the middle to the side of the dredging boat, and is let down 
vertically to the bottom of the water, guided by a man who has 
hold of the pole. A chain attached to the scoop is then hauled 
up by a windlass worked by a man who climbs up the edge of a 
large wheel that is fitted with projecting pegs on each side to 
form steps, like a treadmill wheel in action. 
9. —Shows the dredger when the scoop is dragged up to the surface, 
bringing up a bag full of stones and mud, which is emptied out 
into a barge alongside by the man who has hold of the pole. 
There are two dredging scoops and wheels, one on each side of the 
boat. It was a comical sight to watch the men climbing up the 
wheels, one of which was worked by two men, one of them 
climbing up on each face of the wheel. 
10. —The Bergen telephone office, a fine building, with a lofty frame¬ 
work on the roof, carrying a wilderness of wires. The telephone 
and telegraph are in very extensive use in Norway, and the tele¬ 
graph is carried into out-of-the-way regions, where it is of great 
service to the tourist, enabling him to engage in advance “ heste,” 
horses ; or “ mittag,” dinner ; or “ senge,” beds. 
11. —The “ Torvet,” the main quay, and the “ Floien” hill, Bergen, 
which are beautifully situated in a recess in a large irregular bay, 
surrounded by hills giving charming picturesque views; at the 
back of the town is a hill, 800ft. high, with the “ Floien” on the 
summit, a large iron vane ; and an extensive public promenade 
is carried in zigzags up the hill called the “ Drammens vei,” or 
dram road, about which is a curious history. The sale of spirits 
is strictly limited to a company, under the control of the magis¬ 
trates ; and the profits, beyond a fixed dividend, are applied to 
public improvements, and the cost of this public road up the hill 
has been defrayed from this source, so that it goes by the name 
of the “ Dram Hoad.” 
12. —The Nordnaes Garde, a specimen of the streets of Bergen* with 
their wooden houses. 
13. —The “ Stave Kirke,” or wooden church, near Bergen, an interest¬ 
ing example of the curious ancient wooden churches of the 
country, now out of use. This one was brought from a distant 
secluded spot by the American Consul, who bought it, and set it 
up in a picturesque situation in his own grounds, a few miles 
from Bergen, where it is a favourite sight for visitors. 
14. —The North Cape steamer, Olaf Kyrre, arrived at Trondhjem, the 
ancient capital of Norway. 
15. —The quay at Trondhjem, with boats lying in front of the 
warehouses. 
16. —Trondhjem Cathedral, an ancient church of much interest, 
which is now being restored ; the nave has been without a roof 
for nearly 300 years, service being carried on in the other 
portion of the church. 
16a. —East end of the cathedral. 
17. —The north-west angle of the cathedral exterior. 
