Feb., 1891. a visit to the north cape and Norway. 
33 
35. —A Lapp hut, “Gamme,”in Tromsoedal, a wretched little hovel, 
out of which we saw no less than twenty men, women, and 
children emerge, to stare at the visitors and traffic in rude bone 
carvings and in skins and furs. 
36. —A Lapp skin warehouse. 
37. —Some of the reindeer. The herd was confined within a rough 
fence, and the young ones were being caught, and marked by 
cutting a notch in the ear ; the whole herd was then let out, 
trotting off in fine style up the hill side, and presenting a very 
pretty sight in crossing several patches of snow. 
38. —A group of Lapps, taken by Dr. Tempest Anderson ; they are a 
diminutive, uninteresting race, more remarkable for dirt than for 
anything else. 
39. —Our first sight of the Midnight Sun ; a photograph from a sketch 
taken at the time. The steamer went specially out of its course 
to take up a position at midnight where there was a clear view 
to the north between the islands. 
39a. —Photograph from a map showing the spot (marked by a x) from 
which this view of the Midnight Sun was obtained. This map 
illustrates the remarkable multitude of islands that fringe the 
coast of Norway. 
40. —Hammerfest, the most northern town in the world, being 70° 
north latitude, and within half a day’s sail of the North Cape. 
The situation of this town is very remarkable. From the extra¬ 
ordinary warming power of the Gulf Stream, the harbour is 
never frozen, although those in other countries considerably 
further south are continuously frozen up for many months of the 
winter. The weather was very warm when we were there in July, 
and the temperature was as high as 70° in the shade. 
41. —Hammerfest harbour. A great manufacture of cod liver oil is 
carried on here, and there is a long line of factories on the other 
side of the harbour. 
42. —Group on board the steamer after leaving Hammerfest, showing 
one of the party dressed up in a full Lapp costume of furs, 
including cap and boots, in which he had invested for taking 
home. 
43. —Svaerholt, the great bird rock, opposite the North Cape—a great 
precipitous rock, 1,200 feet in height, rising straight out of the 
sea, that is the breeding ground of an enormous colony of sea 
birds. On approaching the rock, the birds are seen perched in 
innumerable rows upon long lines of ledges, extending over the 
whole face of the rock ; and then, when startled by the firing of a 
cannon from the steamer, the whole colonv is seen in a few 
seconds flying overhead in so dense a swarm as to cover the sky 
with white like a snow storm. 
44. —View of the North Cape rocks from the steamer. The North Cape 
is on an island, with the rocks at the northern extremity rising 
abruptly from the sea to a height of 900 feet. 
45. —Rocks at the landing place, which is on the eastern side of the 
island, where a steep zigzag path is carried up a ravine from the 
shore, and a further walk of a mile at the top brings us to the 
North Cape itself. 
46. —The midnight sun and clouds from the North Cape. The sun 
afterwards came out clear of the clouds and shone brightly, cast¬ 
ing sharp shadows, and giving as much light at midnight as an 
average autumn afternoon here. The temperature Was quite 
mild—54° at midnight—and the air soft and pleasant; audit 
