Mar., 1891. a visit to the north cape and Norway. 
67 
75. —Hoelkevold Brae Glacier, at the head of the Olden Lake, with a 
farm cart and peasants in the foreground. 
76. —The first sight of the great Brixdal Glacier, which is one of the 
largest of those flowing from the extensive Jostedal Snowfield, 
which is nearly fifty miles in length, and has many glaciers 
flowing from it. 
77. —The foot of the glacier, showing the cave from which the stream 
flows. 
78. —Close view of the foot of the glacier. 
79. —View at the edge of the glacier. 
80. —View across the glacier, showing the upper part. 
81. —Fjord near Olden, showing farm building with turf roof and 
trees growing upon it, The houses are roofed with birch bark, 
laid on in many layers overlapping one another to a total thick¬ 
ness of about four inches, and thoroughly water-tight, and then 
a thick layer of turf is put on to prevent the bark blowing away, 
and on this turf grows a crop of plants, flowers, and even small 
trees. In one case, we saw a couple of kids browsing upon the 
roof of a house. These roofs are very durable, and last out the 
timber walls of the houses. 
82. —A scene in Oldendal, showing the remains of one of the curious 
little vertical mills. The supply of water power is very 
abundant throughout the country, and a small stream is led 
down a shoot upon the oblique vanes of a small water-wheel 
that is fixed upon a vertical spindle. On the top of this spindle 
a millstone is fitted, forming the whole machinery of a corn 
mill; or a pulley, as in this photograph, for driving a circular saw 
to cut up timber. 
83. —Shows one of the mills, with the water turned off for the time, 
and flowing over the side of the shoot. These mills for grinding 
corn and cutting timber are very plentiful throughout the 
country, as the farmers have generally to grind their own corn, 
and all the buildings are of wood, for which the timber has to be 
cut. 
84. —Scene on the road to Faleide, with our Stolkjaerre, and a girl or 
“ pige ” for the driver. 
85. —Scene at Faleide, with a group of native tourists from the 
Hardanger district. The Faleide Hotel, seen at the top, has a 
fine situation, and is a favourite place for visitors to stay at, and 
to make a centre for excursions ; the excursion to Brixdal Glacier 
is made from there. 
86. —Utviken, beyond Faleide, showing one of the wattled fences of 
the country, constructed like basket-work. 
87. —View on the pass from Utviken to Bed. 
88. —Panorama at the summit of the pass, which is an ascent of 
2,200ft. A patch of snow remained in a hollow at the side of the 
road at the summit, although it was a hot summer day, and the 
thermometer was at 77° when we left Faleide in the morning. 
The road is terribly steep in the descent to Bed, from the summit 
of the pass; we had been down some very steep roads before, 
that measured 1 in 5 for the inclination, down which the sturdy, 
sure-footed little ponies trotted without hesitation, but this was 
actually as steep as 1 in 3^ as we found by measurement, and 
the pony condescended to walk down, and we walked down also 
at the worst places. 
89. —The “ Norske Hestman,” or Northern Horseman, a striking 
mountain, seen across a lake. 
90. —Lake and mountain scene on the road to Vadheim. 
