14 
NA'KED, bare; without covering of 
any kind, as of an enveloping mem¬ 
brane, pruinose, farinaceous or fur- 
furaceous particles, tomentum, frag¬ 
ments of volva or veil, etc. 
NAP'IFORM, turnip-shaped. 
NAS'CENT, in the earliest rudimentary 
condition; beginning to exist or to 
grow. 
NAT'URALIZED, said of a plant of 
foreign origin, which thrives as if in¬ 
digenous. 
NAVIC'ULAR, boat-shaped. 
NIGRES'CENT, NIG'RICANT, becom¬ 
ing black; also blackish, dusky, fusc¬ 
ous. 
NIT'ID, NIT'IDUS, lustrous, shining, 
polished. 
NI'VEOUS, snow-white. 
NOD'ULE, a little knot or lump. 
NOD'ULOSE, NOD'ULOUS, bearing 
nodules. 
NON-, not; prefix giving a negative 
sense to words. 
NUCLEATE, NUCLEATED, having a 
nucleus or nuclei. 
NUCLE'OLUS, (pi. NUCLE'OLI), sharp¬ 
ly defined point often seen in the nu¬ 
cleus. 
NU'CLEUS, (pi. NU'CLEI), (a) a cen¬ 
tral mass or kernel; (b) a spherical or 
ellipsoidal mass in the protopasm of a 
cell denser and more highly refractive 
than the rest of the protoplasm, func¬ 
tionally the most important portion of 
a cell, for in it the process of cell-di¬ 
vision begins; (c) t) 1 © name has been 
sometimes improperly applied by sys- 
tematists to the oil-globules or guttu- 
lae and the vacuoles within some 
spores. 
OR-, in composition, ‘inversely.’ 
OBCON'IC, OBCON'ICAL, inversely 
conical. 
OBCOR'DATE, inversely cordate. 
OBESE', stout, plump. 
OB'LIGATE-PARASITE, can only grow 
as a parasite; see facultative parasite. 
OB'LIGATE-SAPROPHYTE, can only 
grow as a saprophyte; see facultative 
saprophyte. 
OB'LONG, two or three times longer 
than broad with nearly parallel sides. 
OBO'VATE, inversely ovate, having the 
broad end upward or toward the apex. 
OBPYR'IFORM, inversely pear-shaped. 
OB'SOLETE, indistinct; very imper¬ 
fectly developed; hardly perceptible. 
OBTUSE', blunt or rounded at the 
apex. 
OCHRA'CEOUS, O'CHEROUS, O'CHRE- 
OUS, O'CHROID, O'CHRY, ochre yel¬ 
low, light yellow with a tinge of brown. 
OECOL'OGY, the science of animal andi 
vegetable economy; the study of the 
phenomena of the life history of or¬ 
ganisms, in their reciprocal and indi¬ 
vidual relations; thus parasitism 
comes under the scope of oecology. 
-OID. a termination signifying ‘like’; as 
pezizoid, peziza-like. 
OLEAG'INOUS, oily or oil-like. 
OLIVA'CEOUS, olive-green. 
OPAQUE', OPAKE', mostly used in the 
sense of dull, not shining. 
OPER'CULUM, a lid-like cover. 
ORBIC'ULAR, round; spherical. 
ORGANIC, pertaining to either living 
or dead animal or vegetable organisms. 
OS'MOSE, the impulse or tendency of 
fluids to pass through membranes and 
mix or become diffused through each 
other. 
OSMO'SIS, the diffusion of fluids 
through membranes; see osmose. 
OSMOT'IC, of or pertaining to or char¬ 
acterized by osmose. 
OS'TIOLE, OSTI'OLUM, the aperture in 
the top of a perithecium tnrough which 
spores are discharged. 
O'VATE, having a figure the shape of 
a longitudinal section of an egg. 
O'VOID, egg-shaped—used to describe 
solids. 
PALES'CENT, inclining to paleness; 
becoming pallid. 
PAL'LID, of a pale, indefinite color. 
PAL/UDINE, PALU'DINOUS, PAL'U- 
DOSE, PALUS'TRINE, growing in 
marshes or swamps. 
PAPIL'IONA'CEOUS, variegated; mot¬ 
tled; marked with different colors; as 
the lamellae of some species of Panae- 
olus mottled with black spores. 
PAPIL'LA, (pi. PAPIL'LAE), a small 
nipple-shaped elevation. 
PAP'ILLATE, bearing one or more 
papillae. 
PAPIL'LIFORM, PAPIL'LAEFORM, 
shaped like a papilla. 
PAPYRA'CEOUS, like paper. 
PARAPH'YSIS, (pi. PARAPH'YSES), 
slender, thread-like bodies growing 
with the asci; sterile club-shaped cells 
growing in the hymenium with the bas- 
idia. 
PAR'ASITE, a plant growing on or in 
another living body from which it de¬ 
rives all or part of its nourishment. 
PARASIT'IC, growing on or in and de¬ 
riving its sustenance from a living 
plant or animal. 
PAREN'CHYMA, the fundamental cell¬ 
ular tissue of plants composed of thin 
walled approximately isodiametric 
cells; absent in fungi; see pseudopa¬ 
renchyma and prosenchyma. 
PARENCHYM'ATOUS, pertaining to, 
containing, consisting of or resembling 
parenchyma. 
PA'RIES, (pi. PARI'ETES), wall of a 
cavity or capsule. 
PARI'ETAL, pertaining to or arising 
from a wall. 
PAR'TIAL VEIL, marginal veil. 
PAT'ELLATE, PATEL'LIFORM, 
shaped like a dish. 
PEC'TINATE, having resemblance to 
the teeth of a comb. 
PED'ICEL, anj r short, very small, stem¬ 
like stalk. 
