then expanded, covered with an even pale-ochraceous cuticle, which 
becomes broken into large concentric scales, white between the scales, 
the apical portion remaining intact like a cap, margin striate, flesh thin ; 
gills free, very remote, lanceolate, about 2" broad, whitish then blackish- 
umber; stipe 3'-5' long, 6" thick or more at the swollen base, flocculose or 
fibrillose, white, hollow, bulbous portion solid, ring deciduous, spores 
11-12 X 7-8 [1. In pastures, etc. Edible. 
C. atramentarius Fr. Ep. 243. Pileus at first ovate, then expanded, 
glabrous or with a few obscure spot-like scales in the center, grayish- 
brown; gills free, crowded, at first whitish and flocculose on the edge, 
then purplish-brown or black; stipe glabrous, hollow, white or whitish ; 
spores elliptical, black, 7.5-10 p. Margin of pileus sometimes irregularly 
notched or lobed, stipe sometimes has a slight vestige of a collar near 
the base. Pileus i's 1 or more broad, stipe 2^4' long, i"-2" thick. It 
grows in clusters in rich soil in late summer and autumn. Edible. Var. 
silvestris, grows in woods, is generally smaller and more beautiful. 
C. soboliferus Fr. Ep. 243. Pileus 1.^-2.^ across, subcylindrical, then 
ovato-campanulate, usually undulate toward margin, not silicate nor stri¬ 
ate, disk truncate, usually depressed, squamulose, dingy-white, tinged 
with pale brown towards the apex, squamules darker, flesh very thin ; 
gills free, lanceolate, 3" or more broad, crowded, pale then blackish ; stipe 
5 , -8 / long, 9 r/ thick at the base, slightly attenuated upwards, silky, white, 
stuffed, having a depressed zone near the base caused by the edge of the 
young pileus, ring fugacious ; spores elliptical, 15 X 7 H** Amongst grass 
near trunks, buried wood, etc. 
B. Small ’ ft ileus not exceeding 3 cm. high. 
C. squamosus Morg. Cinn. Soc. Nat. His. 6 : 173. Pileus somewhat 
membranaceous, ovoid then expanded, cinereous, covered with reddish- 
brown scales ; stipe hollow, rather equal, covered below ring with reddish- 
brown scales like the pileus, above ring smooth and white ; gills free, 
ventricose, Avhite then reddish-brown becoming black; spores cymbiform 
20-22.5 fi.. Caespitose. In woods. Pileus about F high, expanded 1.5'- 
2.5' broad, split and revolute, stipe 4 MS' long, about 3" thick. 
C. variegatus Pk. N. Y. St. Mus. Nat. His. 25 : 79. Pileus fragile, 
oblong-ovate then campanulate, obtuse, hygrophanous, pale watery brown 
when moist, whitish or cream-colored when dry, variegated with ochra- 
ceous tomentose scales, margin finely striate; gills lanceolate, crowded, 
ascending, free, white then rosy-brown becoming black; stipe equal, 
brittle, hollow, white, at first peronate-annulate the slight ring soon disap¬ 
pearing, then floccose-pruinose with white branching root-like threads at 
the base ; spores subelliptical, 9 p. Densely caespitose, 3'-5 7 high, pileus 
i'-i. 5' broad, stipe 2thick. Thin soil and decaying leaves. 
C. quadrijidus Pk. Rep. N. Y. St. Mus. Nat. His. 50 : 106. Pileus thin, 
at first oval, then campanulate, becoming more or less expanded with 
revolute margin, with a superficial floccose-tomentose veil, which soon 
separates into evanescent flakes, finely striate, whitish becoming grayish 
or grayish-brown, margin often wavy or irregular; gills broad, thin, 
crowded, free, whitish then dark purplish-brown becoming black ; stipe 
equal or slightly tapering upwards, hollow, floccose-squamulose, white, 
sometimes with a slight, evanescent ring near the base; spores 7.5-10 X 
4-5 p,. Gregarious or caespitose, pileus 2 , ~3 / broad, stipe 3 , -4 / long, 
thick. Under basswood trees. June. Pileus becomes perforated in the 
center and soon splits into 3-5, commonly 4 segments, the divisions 
extending a short distance down the stipe. 
C. Hetidersonii Berk. Flo. Brit. 5:122. Extremely tender; pileus \ n - 
6 " broad, at first subcylindric, granulose under a lens, apex brownish, 
shaded into cinereous towards the margin, at length plano-convex; mar¬ 
gin folded; gills rather distant, free, powdered with the black spores, edges 
