DISTRICT OF TIIOAS. 197 
Owing to its form, we suspected that some chap. 
Inscription might be concealed upon its lower >. y; 
surface, and this proved to be the case. We 
had no sooner raised the two fragments, than 
there appeared the highly interesting tribute to VoUve 
the memory of Drusus Ccesar, son of Germanicus Dmsus 
and Agrippina, which is now in the Vestibule of 
of Telmessus. Mottraye, when on the Spot, caused one of these tombs to 
be opened; and found in it two sculls, which crumbled to dust on being 
touched. The Antients used to deposit in them different persons of the 
same family, as may be seen by inscriptions found on them. I measured 
a sarcophagus here, eleven feet in length, and six in breadth. But I did 
not observe any splendid monuments, of this kind, to be compared with 
those which I obser\ed at Aphrodisias, wherc^u-e many sarcophagi, orna- 
mented with bas-reliefs, and figures, in excellent preser\'ation. The anti- 
rfuities of this place (now called Gcyra, a few days' distance to the south- 
east of Smyrna), which I visited in December 1805, have not been ex- 
amined as tliey merit ; and would, from their great magnificence and 
quantity, fully repay the pains and trouble of any one who would ex- 
plore them. 
" All the ground within the walls of Alexandria is covered with 
the valani f/SaXavJ), producing the valanlda, the cup of which i* 
used for dyeing, by the Orientals, and some nations ot Europe. An 
English vessel was taking in a load of this, when I passed by, some 
months after. A beautiful slope of two miles, covered with this tree, 
anil small bushes, among which are lying pieces of marble, and re- 
mains of the antieut city, carries you to the sea. Here, on the shore, 
is an oblong hollow spot, artificially formed, which was perhaps con- 
nected with the Port ; and this last had a canal about two hundred 
yards in length, which joined it to the sea. The communication of 
the canal on one side with the sea, and on the other with the circular 
basin which formed the Port, explains well this passage of Vitruvius : 
* Fossis ductis,fit aqu^ exitus ad littus : et ex man tempestatibus aucto 
in paludes redundantia motwnibus excitatur.' Lib, i. c. 4. 
" On a small rise of ground, without the walls of the town to the 
east, is a hot spring of mineral water, which supplies two basins at a 
small distance ; one of which 1 found extremely warm. The people 
in 
