258 FROM THE HELLESPONT 
rises. Some plants were then in bloom, but the 
season was not so forward as we expected'; and 
may have hastened the destruction of this building. We 6nd 
Lorenzo Anania, in his Cosmography, Venet. 1576, writing of it in 
these terms : ' Appare ancora qualche ruina con non poca maraviglia dei 
risguardanti ;' but it does not appear upon what authority this is 
stated. Without offering any conjecture, I shall describe what 
remains of antiquity 1 observed here. Those who wish to see the form 
of the antient Mausoleum, may consult the twenty-sixth volume of the 
Acad, des Inscriptions, where Caylus has attempted a delineation of it, 
from Pliny. 
" About four hundred yards from the castle, to the east, are six 
Doric columns, fluted, supporting an architrave : the ground seems to 
have been raised round about them, as they are little more than seven 
feet in height. In the yard of a Turk's house, close by, are some 
fragments of pillars, fluted ; and, what is very singular, in the fluted 
parts are large Greek letters, beautifully cut. 
" I copied, on one, the words Xx^iSyifiov, 'ASwo^ti^ou, and fia^irou, part 
probably of the name Demaratus ; who were, doubtless, persons com- 
memorated in this manner. In this instance, the pillar bearing the 
names is circular ; but the Athenians were accustomed to inscribe 
square pillars to the memory of wise and virtuous men, in large letters. 
Hence a man of probity among them was termed nrg^ayuvo; ur/i^. 
" I traced the antient walls of the city of Halicarnassus for some 
distance, beginning with what might have been an acropolis ; for the 
city had more than one acropolis, as we learn from Strabo, andDiodorus 
(lib. xvii. ax^o'^oXio-i aaXcus). This wall I followed in a western direc- 
tion, between a small and a large mound, for about a hundred and 
thirty feet : it then turned in a north-east direction, and afterwards 
north. One of the ruined square towers, built of stone, without cement 
on the outside, and filled within with earth, is thirty feet high. I saw 
four more, communicating with each other by an interval of wall. 
These are what Diodorus, writing of Halicarnassus, calls «6^yoi^ 
and fiiaovv^ym. Near the rained square tower I saw some of the vaults 
of the old city, and copied some inscriptions relating to them. In the 
town are to be seen altars of marble, with the usual ornament of the 
festoon with rams' heads. 
■ " The fast of the Ramadan was not quite over when I was at B6driUi. 
The opulent Turks were sitting, in the day-time, counting their beads, 
and 
