THE PYRAMIDS, 2 Go 
hoped we may succeed. If these were the chap. 
only monuments of the kind belonging to the v« 
V, 
1750), and by shewing from Enstathius that the whole story of this 
Sinnpic Deity was derived from Sinophtm uear Memphis. Thus 
TAcrrt's, " Sedem, ex gtid transierit (Serapis) Memphin perhibent, 
incltji.am oUtn, et veleris EgypH cohtmen." Yet Gibbon seems to imply 
{Hist. c. 38. vol. V. p. 90, Lond. I8O7) that both the name and the 
idol were alike strangers to the priests oi Egypt ; and he sneers at the 
notion of f'osdun, that the Patriarch Joseph had been adored in the 
country as the Bull Jpis, and the God Serapis. fibid. See Note 3C.) 
The reader may consult the learned observations of Bochart upon this 
subject ( Hieruzo'icon, torn. I, l.W. c. 34. />/?. 345, 346, 347, 348), and 
also of JahloHski, upon which Gibbon may have grounded his scep- 
ticism, although he have not mentioned his authors. The following 
passage ai Jlpollodorus, as cited by Bochart, proves the name Serapis to 
be of antieut date in Egypt : '* Jlpis, relalus inter Deos, Sarapis appel- 
latus est." Upon the identity of Serapis and Joseph many learned 
writers are agreed. " Sunt dui AnM et Seiupidem unutn Numen 
putdrint, et per Serapidem Josephum intellexerint ; nec veritati 
CONTRARIA viDETUR HEC OPINIO." ( Cuncfus de Repuh. Heh. ^nnot. 
Nicolai, c. 17. not.li, Thes. Anliq. Sac.UgoUni, Venet.MAb.) In- 
deed, the number of authors and commentators by whom this opinion 
is maintained may be considered as more than a counterpoise to the 
objections of Bochart and of Jahlonshi. Tieincs, (Annot. in Sulpit. 
Sever, p. 59. Ed. Horn. L. Bat. 16b4.) in addition to the authorities 
above cited, mentions also Pierius and Baroniiis : and he further ob- 
serves, " Idque patet, turn ex nomine Serapis quod Bovem notat ; 
turn ex nomine Jrsaph, quo teste Plutarcho, Osiris vocabatur, levi 
commutatione ex Joseph facta : tum ex Hieroglyphicis, quibus Osiri- 
dem designabant, puta figura bovis seu vituli, notis Lunae et Solis 
insigniti : item juvenis imberbis cum modio et calatho in capite. 
Quae in Josephum, ejusque boves et spicas, et a!tatem, et astrologiae 
peritiam, ad amussim quadrant. Snbscribunt Clemens Alexandrinus, 
Augustinus, A Lapide, et Boufrerius." See also Spencer de Leg. 
Heh. lib. 111. pp. 270, 271. Beyer, Hen. FFeghorst. de Fero Dei Cultti, 
pag. m. 25. edit. Kilon. 10'71. Michael. Not. ad Gaffarcll. Curiosilales, 
edit. Hamburg, li^c. i^c. 
