DEFILE OF TEMPE. 367 
spinning-wheel in the place. Beaujour states 
this as one cause of the excellence of the cotton 
thread here manufactured'. Although but a 
village, Ampeldkia contains twenty-four fabrics 
for dyeing only. Two thousand five hundred 
bales of cotton (each bale weighing two hun- 
dred and fifty pounds) are annually dyed here, 
the principal produce of the manufacture being 
sent to Plenna. We visited several of the Processor 
<iyeing the 
fabrics : they contam a number of vessels for wooL 
steeping the cotton. The substance used for 
the colouring principle is the root of a species 
of madder (Rubia) found at Churdiz and Bachir, 
in Asia, which comes to them from Smyrna: 
but whether it differ from the common madder 
of dyers (Rubia tinctorum) we could not learn. 
The Ampelakians call this root Lizar, written 
Aly-zari by Beaujour^. They prepare the dye 
by pulverizing the root, and then mixing it in 
a caldron with water, in the proportion of an 
hundred parts of water to thirty-five of the 
madder; adding, afterwards, bullocks'-blood. 
But a principal part of the art seems to consist 
in the process of preparing the cotton to receive 
(0 " Tableau du Commerce de la Grlce," torn. I. p. 273. Pm-is, 
(2) Ibid. torn. I. p. 2CS. 
