156 CONSTANTINOPLE. 
CHAP. British manufactories, the nature of its pro- 
IV. . . 
^-' > perties would cause it to be applied to many 
valuable uses. The mine is worked so far as 
the vein of the Keff-Ul extends; which it does, 
in some places, in a perpendicular, and in others 
in an oblique direction, five, ten, and fifteen 
yards in depth. When a vein is exhausted, the 
miners look out for another, and work it in the 
same manner, until the whole is consumed ; 
leaving the old mine in the state of an empty 
useless pit, exhibiting an opening about three 
yards in diameter. No subterraneous commu- 
nication has been discovered, by means of a 
level, between the different beds of this substance; 
nor is there any instance, confirming the reports 
that have been published, of a fresh exudation 
of the Keff-kil, in those pits. The manufactory, 
in its present state, is almost exclusively con- 
fined to the working of bowls for tobacco-pipes. 
The dealers repair to Eski Shehr, where they 
purchase the pipe-bowls, at the price of from 
three to a hundred paras each : the last price is 
demanded when they are very large, and 
embellished with gilding. They are then carried 
loads of dusts or fragments of the Keff-ldl liad lately been sent to 
Constantinople by a Jew, who bought them in Eski Shehr, at the rate 
of one para per ohe," 
