162 CONSTANTINOPLE. 
CHAP, coloured opake amber, sells for about two 
guineas of our money : but as the rank of a 
person is displayed by the costliness of his 
pipe, it may be imagined to what an extent 
this price is sometimes carried. T\\q jessamine 
tchihouque of the Capudan Pasha was adorned 
spirally with diamonds, extending from the 
amber mouth-piece along the tube ; so that the 
price of a tcUbouque may vary from twenty 
paras to twenty thousand piastres. Whoever 
should attempt to describe the manners of 
the Turks, without giving some account of 
the tchibouque, would very inadequately fulfil 
his purpose; because the ceremony of the 
tobacco-pipe is so materially connected with 
all their State affairs and private domestic 
habits, and the important place it holds in 
the history of their commerce and manufactures 
is so conspicuous, that to neglect this subject, 
would be to omit a leading characteristic of the 
nation. The employment of tending a stem of 
the cherry-tree, or of the jessamine, during its 
growth, is often productive of food for a whole 
family. To prevent the bark from splitting, it 
is kept constantly guarded by a swathing of 
wet linen rags ; and the utmost care is used to 
preserve it from becoming crooked, by con- 
stantly watering and tending the plant. But 
