AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
FOR THE 
ITami, G-arden, and Honseliold. 
“AGKICULTUltE 18 THE MOST HEALTHFUL, 3I08T USEFUL, AKH MOST NOHLE EMPLOYMENT OF MAN.”-VViBaisoTOK. 
ORARr<GE JU®©, ) 
PUBLISHER AND PROPRIETOR. > 
Office, 41 Parit Row, (Times Buildings, 
VOLUME XXIV—No. 5. 
ESTABLISHED IN 1842. 
Publislied also in German at Two Dollars a Year. 
NEW-YOPdC, MAY, 1865. 
Entered according to act of Congress in tlie year 1864, by 
Orange Judd, in tlie Clerk’s Office of the District Court of 
the United States for tlie Southern District of New-York. 
B®’" Other Journals are invited to copy desirable articles 
freely, i/'each article be credited to American Agriculturist. 
Contents for May, 1865. 
Advertising Tribune, Herald, etc...162 
Agricultural Departmental Washington.H5 
Beans—Culture of.. • -.. . 
Beans—Varieties of White..4 Illustrations. .Isi 
Bees—Apiary in May. |40 
Black Knot on Plum Trees.. ....166 
Bladder Nut Tree.2 Illustrations. Ao3 
Bog Land—Reclaiming..II.. • ...14/ 
Boys and Girls’ Columns—The Good News—Some¬ 
thing about the Hair—Be Acquainted with your 
Neiglibors—Selfishness Properly Rewarded—Ad¬ 
vice for Boys—My Mother-Problems and Puzzles 
—The Young Performers—About Keeping the Bal¬ 
ance-New York Cityat Night—Making a Tall Man 
..6 Illustrations. .159 —160 
Bread—pictorial History of a Wheaten Loaf.../Hus., 153 
Carpets—Suggestions about. 16" 
Carrots—Field Culture on Heavy Soils.151 
Clover Hay—Good Way to Cure..151 
Columbines—Notes on. Illustrated .. 156 
Cooking School—Baclielor’s Wish Realized... 158 
Corn Marker—A Good One. Illustrated. .U9 
Corn Seed-Method of Tarring.150 
Death of President Lincoln.144 
Farm Work in May.13/ 
Flower Garden and Lawn in May.139 
Flower Markets in New York City.153 
Fruit Garden in May. 140 
Fruits—Nyce’s Method of Keeping.155 
Furniture—Hints on Varnishing...157 
Garden—Kitclien in May.139 
Garden—Little Things in. •••U? 
Gas Tar—Uses and Value....... .150 
Glycerin—Nature and Uses.157 
Grafting-Herbaceous. Illustrated. .I5i 
Grapery—Cold in May. 140 
Grapes—Notes on Culture—Care of Vines—Mission— 
For Cold Climates—New Varieties—Jlildew.155 
Grapes—Training on Ledges.151 
Green and Hot-Houses in May..140 
Hog and Cattle Raising—Relative Profits.146 
Horses—Turning out to Pasture.147 
Insects-Repelling Striped Bug. . - ISS 
Lily—Jacobean. Illustrated.. 156 
Lily —Lilium auratum .153 
Manure—How to Pitcli. Illustrated. .149 
Maps and Pictures—Mounting....157 
Market Reports and Commercial Notes.162 
Notes and Suggestions for May.137 
Orchard and Nursery in May.138 
Orchard upon a Gravel Bed.151 
Oxen, Working—Managemeiit of,..147 
Pasonies—Varieties and Cultivation.156 
Periwinkle, {.Vinca minor) . . Illustrated,.157 
Planting—Deep and Shallow.148 
Plowing Sward Ground.4 Illustrations..U5 
Plows—Draught of Light and Hettvy.145 
Potatoes—How to Drop. ..Illustrated. .U% 
Potatoes—How to Plant.146 
Potatoes—Planting Large and Small..../Huslrated..148 
Potatoes-Tan Bark for. .... 155 
Recipes—Unleavened Rye and Indian Bread—Boiled 
Indian Pudding—Scalded Meal Johnny Cake— 
Wheat and Indian Cake—Apple and Pie Plant—Rye 
and Indian Apple Pudding—Cooking without Milk 
—Pumpkin Pies—Custard Pies—Graham Biscuit— 
Poor Man's Pudding—Steam Pudding—Mock 
Sponge Cake—Apple Jonatlian—Potato Cake— 
Breakfast Cake-Nice Breakfast Dish—Substitute 
for Cream—Rusks—Pop-Corn Pudding.1.58-159 
Seed Time. Illustrated. .151 
Slieep—Evils of Washing . 147 
Sheep—Feeding with Grain .153 
Soils—Pulverization of Heavy. .151 
Soils—Renovating Sterile ....148 
Strawberry Show at Agriculturist Office.144 
Strawberries—New Mulch for. ...151 
Sweet Potatoes—How to Cultivate.154 
Tim Bunker's Visit to Titus Oaks, Esq.,....150 
Tobacco—Care of Seed Beds . 151 
Tomatoes—Method of Training. 1.54 
Trees—How Nature Plants.151 
Weeding Hoe—Adams’ Patent. Illustrated. .145 
Weeds—Eradicating from Fence Rows.149 
INDEX TO “ BASKET,” OR SHORTER ARTICLES, 
Cows, Kicking...142 
Currant Worm.141 
Dogs in New Jersey ....142 
Downing’s Book...141 
Earth Glasses.143 
Farmer, Extensive.143 
Farmers’ Manual.143 
Fences, Gates and Posts.i42 
Flax and Hop Books... .144 
Grape Trellises.143 
Grapes in Spring.143 
Grapes, Isabella..143 
Glass Seed, Covering... 142 
Hard Soap .143 
Horse, Diseased.. .141 
Ice Cream Freezer.141 
Insects, Unseasonable. .143 
Laborers, Farm.144 
Law Needed.143 
Lice on Cattle.142 
Locust for Timber. ...142 
Manelli Stock. 143 
Mangoes Described ... .143 
Maps. Lloy<l & Co’s. ... 144 
Meadow.s, Pasturing.... 141 
Meat. Keeping Smoked. 143 
Music, Good.141 
Newspapers, Many_143 
Onion Growing.143 
Onion Sower Wanted.. .143 
Onions, Poor.143 
Photographs, Animal... .141 
Picture Alphabet.143 
Plaster or Gypsum.142 
Potato, Early Shaw.... 141 
Poultry Show.141 
Poultry Statement... ... 142 
Primrose, Chinese.143 
Pumps, Best Kind.143 
Quince for Stocks.143 
Rose, Buchanan’s_...143 
Sheep, Beans for.142 
Sheep Convention.141 
Sheep Dipp’g Compoundl42 
Sheep, Old for Wool-142 
Sheep Owning Lambs...142 
Sheep, Profitable..142 
Sheep Pulling Wool.... 142 
Sheep, Stretches.142 
Spavin in Horses.141 
Squash, Large Yield_143 
Strawberries Sent out..144 
Sweet Potatoes.144 
Syrup from Corn.142 
Trees, Diseased Apple..142 
Trumpet Honeysuckle..143 
Vineland Lands.141 
Wild Morning Glory.... 143 
Advertisement, Free_141 
Agricultural Implements 141 
Agriculturist, Loaning..143 
Beans, Coloied.143 
Beef for Soldiers.142 
Bees, How to Hive.144 
Buckthorn Seeds.142 | 
Butter, Preserving.... 142 
Camellias. Fine.143 | 
Carrots, Mowing Tops .141 
Chickweed ..143 | 
Corn Husks Wanted... 143 I 
Notes and Suggestions for the Month. 
In our latitude, May is the month of toil and 
care ■with fanners. The weather is variable, and 
they are in the midst of seed time. In addition to 
the labors of tlie field, stock of all kinds require 
more personal attention than at any other time. 
From the early dawn of day till night, good 
farmers find enough to do, in planting corn, 
potatoes, sorghum, roots, etc., and preparing 
the ground for other crops. Besides, grass 
seed, gypsum, lime and ashes are to he sowed 
this month; and the farmer must bestir himself 
and see that nothing is neglected. “ What¬ 
ever is worth doing at all is worth doing 
well.” If you slight plowing, harrowing, or 
any kind of preparation of the soil, failure or 
partial success may be expected. Farmers are 
co-workers with Nature, and must do tlieir own 
part well; and they can not do their work over 
again, if it is has been poorly done. The soil 
must be properly prepared, and good seed must 
be put in, for the best treatment that the crops 
can have will not make up for negligence and 
inattention to these preliminary operations. 
Animals .—Every animal needs as much at¬ 
tention and as good care this month, as during 
the winter. See that they all have a good sup¬ 
ply of feed regularly, at least twice a day, ac¬ 
cess to clean water and salt, and a comfortable 
place to stand and lie in. Cold, wet ground at 
this season of the year often produces colic, 
scours, or some other disease, which might he 
prevented by keeping stock in comfortable 
quarters, until the ground becomes quite warm. 
Ewes will be yeaning this month, and should 
receive personal attention—not of heedless 
boj’s, but of careful men, and there is no eye 
like that of the owner. Watch breeding animals 
closely, whose time is near, visiting them late 
at night and early in the morning. A little 
timely aid will often save a valuable animal. 
It is bad policy to feed cows short just before 
they are turned to grass. If possible, feed some 
SI.50 PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE. 
SINGLE NUMBER, 15 CENTS. 
4 Copies! for $5; 10 for S12; 20 or more, $ 1 each. 
NEW SERIES—No. 220. 
cut roots daily, to prepare them for green feed, 
and to keep up the flow of millc 
Beeves .—Increase the quantity of meal a few 
pounds per he^d, every day. If the weather be 
pleasant, allow fattening bullocks or dry cows 
to exercise in a small yard, several hours daily. 
As the warm weather comes on, their thrift 
will he promoted by carding, as often as once a 
day. As soon as grass is large enough, let them 
graze about an hour daily; then return them 
to the yard; but do not diminish the quantity 
■of meal. At this period, beeves will fatten 
very fast, if managed rightly. If meal he dis¬ 
continued they will not fatten much, till their 
bowels become accommodated to green feed. 
Buildings .—Remove earth and manure from 
sills, or other wood work of buildings. Paint 
in cool damp weather, so that the oil will re¬ 
main on the surfiice, and not be absorbed by the 
dry and porous wood. When buildings settle 
unevenly, let them he levelled up at once, as 
standing on an uneven foundation strains every 
part and breaks the nails and cracks the walls. 
Birds .—Spare the birds, for they are great 
benefactors to farmers and gardeners. l)o 
nothing to frighten them from your grounds; 
they destroy legions of insects that are ready 
to injure your fruit and fruit trees, 
Bees.—The profits attending bee-keeping, 
ought not to be disregarded. Abundant direc¬ 
tions are given in “ The Apia.ry” every month. 
Bones .—Collect every hone possible; pay 
poor children for collecting them in the village; 
(25 cents per bushel will pay them well, and 
you too; and they will be glad to do it for less). 
Valves .—Give calves a comfortable yard or 
pen, whether raised by hand or the cow. Con¬ 
fined in close quarters, the floor beneath should 
be cleaned often and littered abundantly. It 
is as cruel as unprofitable to keep them tied 
in cold, filthy places. Two calves may often be 
profitably raised on one cow. Always scald or 
cook meal for young calves, before mingling it 
with any kind of milk or feed, as raw meal is 
very liable to produce scours. 
Carrots .—Do not fail to sow early, some long 
Orange or white Belgian in well prepared soil. 
Put in at least a quarter of an acre, and better 
all you can take care of. 
Cranberries .—If swamp land has been “ pared 
and burnt,” the present is the best time to 
plant cranberi’ies. Obtain the plants, free from 
weeds, in any productive cranberry swamp, and 
set them uniformly all over the land, from 14 to 
18 inches apart. The land should be so located 
that it may be flowed in winter. 
Corn .—The season at the East is early. There 
is danger of a cold May. Have at hand early 
maturing seed, to plant in case that first planted 
fails. It is poor policy to be in haste about 
planting corn. It comes up much surer and 
does better, planted after the ground is warm, 
when hot weather is not far in the future. 
