AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
FOR THE 
H'arm, GrarcTen, and. Honseliold. 
“AGRIOtriiTURE IS TIIK MOST HEARTHFUI., MOST ESEFUR, ANM MOST NOBLE EMPLOTMENT OP MAN.w-Wiiinmofc' 
ORAIVOJG JUDD, A.M., 
PUBLISHER AND PROPRIETOR. 
Office, 41 Park Row, (Times Buildings.) 
ESTABLISHED IN 1842. 
Fabllshd also in German at Two Dollars a Year. 
t «1.50 PER annum, in advance 
j SmOLB number, is cents. 
( 4 Copies for S 5; 10 for S13 j 30 or more, $1 eacb. 
.VOLUME XXIV—No. 6. 
NEW-YORK, JUNE, 1865. 
NEW SERIES—No. 221. 
Entered according to act of Congress in tlie year 1861, by 
Orangk Jodd, In the Clerk’s Ofllce of Uie District Court of 
the United States for the Southern District of New-Tork. 
Other Journals are Invited to copy desirable articles 
freely, ./each article be credited to American Agriculturist. 
American |ygrif«ltunst. 
For tlie Farm, Garden, and Honseliold, 
A THonouaH-ooiNO. RELIABLE, and PRACTICAL 
Journal, devoted to the different departments of SOIL 
CULTURE—such as growing fiei.d CROPS : ouchabd 
and OABDEN FRUITS; oauden VEGETABLES and 
FLOWERS: trees, pi.ants, and flowers for the 
LAWN or YARD; care of DOMESTIC ANIMALS, 
etc., and to HOUSEHOLD LABORS, with an interesting, 
instructive department for CHILDREN and A’OUTH. 
•The Editors are all practicai, WORKING MEN. 
The teachings of the Agriculturist are confined to no 
State or Territory, but are adapted to all sections of the 
country—it is for the whole American Continent, 
TERMS (in advance) : St.-IO per year ; Four 
Copies one year for S5 ; Ten Copies one year for ; 
Twenty or more Copies one year for SI each. 
C^Add to the above rates; Postage to Canada, 12 cents; 
to England and France. 24 cents ; to Germany, 36 cents. 
Postage anywhere in the United States and Territories 
must be paid by the subscriber, and is only three cents a 
quarter, if paid in advance at the office where it is received. 
Address communications to the Publisher and Proprietor, 
ORANGE JUDD, 41 Park-Row. New-York City. 
Contents for June, 1865. 
Ants—Howto Exterminate......191 
Ashes, Coal for Walks and Roads.185 
Bees—Apiary in June.1-2 
Boys and Girls'Coluinns-How to Keep Good Natured 
_Feb. 14th—Woman’s Day—Problems and Puzzles 
—Left at Home Alone—” A Good Boy Wanted”— 
About Sleep—The First Locomotive-Puffing Billy 
_Indian Tradition—Rocks in Connecticut—Wall 
Street and Fly Market . . .4 Illustrations . 191-192 
Bridges—Rustic.... .. Illustrated.. 185 
Broom Corn—How to Plant.182 
Buckwheat—Cultivation of.. ....183 
Butter—How to Make and Keep.190 
Cabbage Culture—Notes on. .186 
Castration of Calves and Colts.178 
Cheese Making from Few Cows.189 
Clover, Red—Management for Seed.182 
Colts—Halter-breaking Young. 181 
Corn—Maniuing When Growing.178 
Corn—Thinning in the Hills .178 
Currant Worms—How to Kill.187 
Dandelion,and its Uses.. Illustrated. .189 
Evergreens—Pruning and Shaping .186 
Farm Work in June. 169 
Fault-finding with Children.190 
Flower Garden and Lawns in June...171 
Financial Wonder.194 
Flowers —Convolvulus minor . Illustrated.. 188 
Food for Children—Liebig’s. 189 
Fruit Garden In June.. 171 
Garden—Kitchen in June.179 
Grapes-Cold Grapery in June.171 
Grass Land—Top-dressing . 178 
Grass Seed—Sowing with or without Grain.182 
Green and Hot-Houses in June. 171 
Hay Fork and Stacker—Horse Power.../f/uslroted.. 177 
Hay—Pitching into Windows with Horse Fork.178 
Hedge-How to Make Close.183 
Horses—Breeding for Heavy Work.183 
Horses, Pulling—Halter for. Illustrated. .ISl 
Horses—Sires for Heavy Draught. Illustrated..ISi 
Houses—Small (Convenient & Cheap.4 Illustrations. .177 
Insects Destroyed ^ Benzine. 188 
Labels for Trees—Zinc..186 
Layers—How to Propagate from.187 
Lightning Rods—How to Put up...190 
Live Stock Market Report.....172 
Manure-Management of Barn Yard.182 
Notes and Suggestions for June.169 
Orchard and Nursei 7 in June.170 
Peat—Preparation for Fuel...183 
Perfumes—Method of Preparing. ...190 
Plants with Ornamental Foliage .188 
Plow—Lifting Subsoil. . Illustrated. .\8l 
Premiums for Obtaining Subscribers.172 
Rope—Hitching Horse to. Illustrated.. 177 
Scuffle Hoes, Hoeing and Carrots.179 
Shading and Mulching.186 
Sheep—A rt of Shearing.180 
Shears—How to Grind. Illustrated. .189 
Sheep—How to Hold for Shearing.. .180 
Sheep Shears—How to Hold .. IllustraM .. 180 
Strawberry Premium.194 
Strawberry Show at Agriculturist Office.172 
Strawberries—Method of Preserving.191 
Strawberries Sent to Subscribers.194 
Subsoiling Wet Ground. 181 
Tanning Fur Skins. 191 
Taste.s—A Frequent Mistake. 187 
Tim Bunker on the Pickle Fever.176 
Tree, Remarkable—The Sand Box. Illustrated. .188 
Trees for Prairies—White Maple. Illustrated..\8b 
Varnish for Furniture.191 
Vegetables—Sowing for Succession.187 
Water—Pure Needed for Stock.179 
Well Curb and Friction Brake. .Illustrated. .180 
Wool—Fleece Folding Tab.e. Illustrated..181 
INBEX TO “BASKET,” OR SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Barley, Sprout Manure..174 
Bees, Burying.174 
Birds and Strawberries. .173 
Bones, Dissolving.174 
Bones, Use for.174 
Borer Remedies.173 
Buckwheat, Wild...172 
Catalogues Received.. ..174 
Cattle Gnawing Bones. ..174 
Chipmucks. Repelling.. .174 
Coal Aslies, Use.174 
Cornell University ... .175 
Cows, Gestation .174 
DonationsAoknowledgedl73 
Downing’s Landscapes. .173 
Elecampane, Killing. ..173 
Farm Laborers.175 
Fountain, Regulating....174 
Flowers for Shade ...174 
Galvanized Iron.175 
Hair Crimpers, Ivins’.. ..173 
Humbug Doctors.173 
Kerosene Burner, Good 
Lice on Hogs... 
Live Stock Markets. 
Peaches, Budding. 
Plants, Mixing.. 
Plants Named. 
Pruning Apple Trees... 
Purchasers. Word to.... 
Report. Fruit Growers’. 
Sap Spouts.. 
Scratches and Grease.., 
Sheep Shearings. 
Sheep Show.. 
Shingles, Fire Proof..... 
Str.Twberry Preserves... 
Striped Bug Preventives 
Strawberries, First. 
Tobacco Culture. 
Turnips for Hogs. 
Trees, Trimming. 
Vegetables of America.. 
Waspish Item. 
.173 
174 
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Notes and Suggestions for the Month. 
June is the month of most rapid growth and 
the Maize fields, which have looked yellow and 
poor during May, under the hot suns of this 
month unfold their leaves like armies with 
banners, and so other crops, if they are in 
open and well-worked soils, push forward into 
leaf, and blossom, and fruit. We liave work 
enough to finish planting, to keep down the 
weeds, and to work the surface, so that the air 
may always have free access to the roots of the 
crops. Tlie grass has made a great growth in 
many localities during the past month, and 
where mowing ground has been well prepared 
for irrigation, the second heavy crop of hay is by 
this time ready for the scythe. The forward¬ 
ness of tlie season has enabled farmers to get 
well aliead with much of their work, and there 
is less excuse than usual for lack of thorough¬ 
ness of culture. The powerful rains which may 
have hindered farm work somewhat, are very 
likely to be followed by dry weather in June, 
for which deep tillage and frequently working 
the soil are the only remedies. 
Barns and STieds .—Sweep thoroughly and put 
in order for hay and other crops. Where a 
small quantity of hay or straw remains in the 
bottom of the mow, pitch it up aloft, where it 
may be used in the former part of the foddering 
season. Remove manure wherever it is in con¬ 
tact with wood-work, and see that driving storms 
do not wet the frame timbers. Clean and paint 
eaves troughs, and remove limbs of trees with¬ 
in a yard of the sides or roofs of buildings. 
Bam-yard .—Turn all water from the roofs of 
buildings or other sources away from the barn¬ 
yard. If the ground be wet, make a good under¬ 
drain entirely aroUnd, and excavate the middle, 
puddling it with clay protected by cobble stones, 
so as to retain all the liquid manure. 
Barley.—Send, a carefbl man and pull all dock, 
winter cress, wild mustard, etc., from the grow¬ 
ing grain. If land is in good heart where winter 
wheat has failed, barley may be sowed even in 
June, and will yield a fair crop. 
Beans. —Where a hill of Indian corn has failed, 
plant three hills of early beans. If rows be far 
apart, a row of beans is often planted between 
them at the last dressing with a liorse hoe. 
Beets. —Mash lumps in the soil with a wood¬ 
en mallet, a few hours after a shower—this 
will be almost equal to a hoeing—pull up all 
weeds near the young plants. Good crops may 
be raised even when planted in June, if the soil 
and cultivation be good. 
Butter. —Give cows an abundance of sweet 
grass and clean water, and access to salt; see 
that boys and dogs do not worry them; milk 
regularly with clean hands; keep milk in clean 
and sweet vessels, and in a cool, pure apart¬ 
ment; churn often; work the butter well with 
anything but the bare hands; use only the 
purest and best salt; pack in clean jars or 
tubs; keep cool, and the butter will be equal 
to prime “ Orange County.” 
Cafibages. —Put out the plants in good season; 
apply a heavy dressing of horse manure, well 
worked into the soil; hoe mornings while the 
dew is on, working over the earth a few inches 
deep; and we will almost guarantee large, hard 
heads. Insects may make the result doubtful. 
Carrots. —Pull all weeds near the young 
plants when the soil is wet. Carrots require 
clean cultivation. Where the seed failed to 
come up, put in turnips or onions. See “ How to 
Raise Carrots” in May number. 
Cheese. —Read article on Cheese, page 189. 
Com. —Keep cultivators and horse hoes in 
operation until the corn becomes large enough 
to shade the ground. Hot and dry weather is 
the best time to subdue grass and weeds. 
Read article on cultivating corn on page 178. 
Clover Seed. —Read the article on the manage¬ 
ment of Clover Seed on page 182. 
Cattle. —See that all cattle have access to pure 
water. Where they drink at a pond, large poles 
or sticks of timber should keep them from going 
into the water to stand, as they usually dung 
immediately after drinking. Do not feed too 
many animals on the same ground. One good 
cow, well fed, will yield more milk than two 
cows on short pasture. 
Calves. —Keep calves in clean and dry yards 
or pens, and mow a little grass daily for them. 
June is one of the best months to commence 
improvements in neat cattle. Where calves are 
allowed to suck, put a little wheat flour in one 
end of a small trough and salt in the other end, 
where calves can reach it They soon eat meaL 
