JOURNAL OF MYCOLOGY. 
LVol. Ill, No. 3, 
30 
I. Annulati. Annulus present and conspicuous, encircling the 
upper part of the stipe. 
A. Volva connate with the base of the stipe, with more or less 
of the upper free portion persistent. 
a. Volva dehiscent at the apex , persistent , entire; the pileus naked. 
1. Agaricus clesareus, Scop. Fries, Hym. Eur. p. 17; Peck, 33d 
Y. Y. Rep., p. 41. There are figures of this species in oil colors, natural 
size, in our herbarium. 
Pileus hemispheric, then expanded, the margin striate, the flesh 
yellowish ; stipe flocculose, stuffed with cottony fibrils ; volva and annu¬ 
lus lax ; lamellae free, yellow ; spores elliptic, .009—.010 millim. long. In 
woods. Vermont, Frost; Yew York, Peck; Corolina, Schweinitz; Ohio. 
Pileus 4—6 inches in diameter, stipe 5—8 inches in length. The color of 
the pileus is a brilliant orange, or nearly red, fading to yellow with age ; 
the stipe is yellowish, with a yellow annulus; the large egg-shaped, 
persistent volva is white. This is the most showy of Agarics and well 
merits the appellation “Fungorum Princeps.” It was known to the 
ancient Romans under the name Boletus , and was in high esteem among 
them as an article of diet, liadham says it is the only fungus known to 
the ancients which we can recognize by the description ; Pliny describes 
* perfectly its growth and development. 
2. Agaricus sfretus, Peck. 33d Y. Y. Iiep., p. 42. 
Pileus subovate, then convex or expanded, whitish or pale brown, 
the margin striate ; stipe equal, smooth, stuffed or hollow ; volva large, 
persistent, somewhat sheathing ; lamellae reaching the stipe, white; 
spores elliptic, .010—.012 millim. long. In bushy or open places, not 
common. Yew York, Peck. Pileus 3—5 inches in diameter, stipe 4—0 
* inches long. The whole plant is sometimes white, but often the pileus 
and stipe are tinged with brown ; the stipe has no bulb at its base and is 
sheathed more or less by the persistent volva. 
3. Agaricus virosus, Fries. Hym. Eur., p. 18. Stevenson, B. F., 
Vol. I, p. 3. Cooke, Illust. pi. 1. 
The whole plant white ; pileus conic, then expanded, acute, glutin¬ 
ous ; the margin repand-lobed, even ; stipe cylindric from a bulbous base, 
scaly-lacerate; volva thick, lioccose: annulus apical, shreddy, lax; 
lamellae free, linear-lanceolate ; spores globose, .010— 012 millim. in diam¬ 
eter. In sandy woods. Carolina, Curtis; Ohio, Lea; Pacific coast, Hark- 
ness. Pileus 3—5 inches in diameter stipe 4—6 inches long. A fetid 
and poisonous plant. Pileus generally produced on one side and lobed, 
scarcely ever depressed ; the annulus is torn and adheres in shreds to the 
margin of the pileus. The conical pileus, appendiculate margin and 
scaly stem are very characteristic. 
