Sept., 1887.] 
NORTH AMERICAN XXLAR1A AND PORONIA. 
101 
16. Xylaria graminicola, Ger. 26th Rep. X. Y. State Mus., p. 85. 
“Club slender, cylindrical, simple, at first greenish-pulverulent, then 
blackish brown, roughened by the prominent, globose perithecia, tips 
sterile, acuminate; stem smooth, straight or flexuous, brown ; spores 
uniseriate, unequally elliptical, .0004 x .0002 inches. Plant about two 
inches high, parasitic on the roots of languishing grasses. Allied to 
X. Hypoxylon. Poughkeepsie, X. Y. Gerard. 
17. Xylaria mucronata (Schw.) On trunks of Liriodendron. 
Carolina (Schweinitz.) Sphceria mucronata , Schw. Syn. Car., Journ. 
Acad. Xat. Sci., V, tab. 1, fig. 1. 
Carnose, simple, stem liver-color (badius) subsquamulose, indexed, 
compressed, one inch high, four lines thick; club thickened, irregular, 
becoming light yellow, apex mucronate; perithecia rather large and 
prominent, with globose, black ostiola; sporidia subglobose and black. 
b. Caprtuli connate or branched. 
18. Xylaria digitata (Linn.) Grev. Flor. Ed., 356; Xitschke 
Pyr., Germ., p. 9; Fr. S. M., II, p. 326. On decaying wood. Xew York 
(Peck), Carolina and Pennsylvania (Schweinitz), Texas (Lindheimer). 
Stroma erect, thick, dark brown, leproso-velutinous, becoming 
smooth, round and simple, gradually attenuated at the apex, more rarely 
obtuse, or emarginate, or divided into 2—3 dicliotomously cleft branches, 
sometimes clavate-columnar, 3—4 cm. high, flattened and dilated above, 
with the apex subdentate lobed. (The specimens in Rav. Car., V, Xo. 
50, are of this sort.) Asci cylindrical, with a long, slender stipe, 8-spored; 
sporidia obliquely uniseriate, fusoid, obtuse, inequilateral, dark brown, 
18—20 x 5—6 y. All the American specimens we have seen have the 
sporidia smaller, 10—12 x 4—5 y. Prof. Peck, in 30th Rep., p. 76, and 
31st Rep., p. 79, has noted this peculiarity and distinguished our short- 
spored form as var. Americana. Xo form of this species has as yet been 
noticed around Xewtield. 
19. Xylaria grandis, Pk. 26th Rep. X. Y. State Mus., p. 85. 
On the ground. Portage, X. Y. (Clinton). 
“Large, blackish-brown, irregular, obtusely pointed and rusty brown 
at the sterile tip, abruptly narrowed at the base; central substance white; 
perithecia subglobose; spores subfusiform, pointed at each end, straight 
or slightly curved, .0008—.0009 inches long; stem branched, radiating, 
often greatly elongated ; plant 3—5 in. high, heads U—3 in. long, t—1 in. 
thick. The branching stem and pointed, sterile apices of the clubs 
separate this from X. polymorpha , which it also surpasses in size. The 
larger spores distinguish it from X. digitata .” 
c. Stroma filiform. 
20. Xylaria filiformis (A. & S.) On decaying leaves. Carolina 
(Ravenel), Xew Jersey (Ellis). 
Stroma filiform, 3—5 cm. long and mostly less than one millira. thick 
at the base, gradually attenuated above, subundulate, white pruinose at 
first, with the apex inclining to flesh color, but finally smooth, black and 
