AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
185 
used to a bushel of apples, and the boiling well 
conducted there is no danger of fermenting in 
half a dozen years. Most persons we believe 
prefer to use cider made from sweet apples, or 
else to use sweet apples in making, and many 
use both sweet apples and sweet apple cider. 
The chief difficulty in making this article, is 
to prevent it from burning, especially near the 
close of the operation. To avoid this, much de¬ 
pends upon unremitted stirring. It is usually 
made in large brass kettles. Some cover the 
bottom of the kettle with little wisps of straw 
laid closely together. We have not found this 
necessary. The only failure we ever made was 
when a careless boy was entrusted with the stir¬ 
ring. A little upon the bottom was scorched 
and this soon communicated a bad flavor to the 
whole. Should a small portion happen to burn, 
the top part should immediately be poured off, 
and the kettle be thoroughly cleaned. The 
kettle should be clean and bright before putting 
in the apples, and it will remain so, and be less 
likely to burn. A long wooden stirrer is used. 
With attention to these little matters, the pro¬ 
cess is neither difficult nor hazardous, and those 
who have once tried the manufacture of this ar¬ 
ticle will not soon lay it aside. It will command 
a remunerative price in the market at all times. 
A very good and convenient winter apple¬ 
sauce is made by using a lesser quantity of cider, 
and simply boiling the apples, but not breaking 
them entirely to a pulp. We have also prac¬ 
tised boiling down sweet apple cider when new, 
and keeping it in this state during the winter 
and spring to put into pies, and to use in mak¬ 
ing sauce with both green and dried apples. 
Sour apple cider, boiled down to one half or one 
third will keep a long time without fermentation 
or change of quality. 
-——»- 
ERIE RAILROAD, 
This stupendous work of art may now be 
said to be “ finished.” Hereafter the same cars 
pass regularly from New-York city to Lake Erie. 
Before this the narrow gage has been in use on 
this end of the road, but the wide track is now 
completed. This is, we believe, the longest 
route in the world which is passed over without 
change of cars. We heartily wish every road 
in the country had adopted the wise policy of 
laying a wide track. We always feel a greater 
sense of security when our swift coach stands 
upon a wide base. And then it is such a lux¬ 
ury to have elbow-room, as these wide cars— 
saloons rather—furnish. 
No class of men in the country have had a 
stronger hold upon our sympathies than those 
who have had charge of the construction and 
equipment of the Erie Railroad. Let any one 
pass leisurely along the route and see the obsta¬ 
cles that have been surmounted, and they can¬ 
not fail to admire the skill and patient perseve¬ 
rance exercised. 
We are more especially interested in this road 
from its influence upon the agricultural pros¬ 
pects of a large section of our State, to say 
nothing of its value to Ohio, and other states 
west. The cost was some $25,000,000 we be¬ 
lieve, yet if the actual increase in money value 
of the farms along its line could be estimated, 
we doubt not the sum would exceed $50,000,- 
000, or more than double the cost of the road. 
The owners of the land along its line could well 
afford to have built the entire road at their own 
expense, and then have given it up to any body 
of men who would conduct it afterwards. But 
it has been built without expense to them, 
and they are now beginning to reap the benefit. 
They have new motives to improve their land 
by every means in their power. They now 
have the best market in the world easy of ac¬ 
cess. Those living four hundred miles from 
New-York can bring their produce here as 
cheaply, as quickly, and with more safety, than 
those living but forty miles distant a few years 
ago. 
We have for some time past, looked with 
especial interest upon the agricultural prospects 
of the southern tier of counties in this State. 
We had designed ere this to have passed leis¬ 
urely through this section, and gathered notes 
and made suggestions in reference to the pro¬ 
ducts and agricultural resources, but the weekly 
issue of our paper permits us to make short ex¬ 
cursions only. As we have opportunity from 
time to time, we shall make frequent visits to 
these counties, and gather such observations as 
may interest or instruct our readers. 
- ••• - 
National Magazine. —The December num¬ 
ber is at hand, and fully sustains the high 
character which this valuable magazine has 
already established for itself. It is really a 
pleasure to take into our families, a periodical 
which is replete with interesting and instructive 
reading, and yet is entirely free from all matter 
which is the least doubtful in its moral tendency. 
We think the publishers should take measures 
to make so valuable and cheap a magazine more 
generally known and read, though we believe 
their present circulation is between Twenty and 
Thirty Thousand. Published by Carleton & 
Phillips, 200 Mulberry-street, New York ; at $2 
a year, or, 18j cents a number. 
ARRIVAL OF *DTJCHESS 64. 
This extraordinary fine Sliort-horn cow ar¬ 
rived in the steamer Humboldt at this port, on 
the 24th inst., in excellent condition. It will 
be recollected that she was purchased, among 
other animals, at Earl Ducie’s late sale, for 600 
guineas ($3000,) by Mr. Francis M. Rotcu, for 
Mr. Jonathan Thorne, of this city. She is four 
years old, almost entirely a bright, deep red, and 
was bred by the late Mr. Thomas Bates, and 
purchased at his executor’s sale by the late 
Earl Ducie. We shall say no more of this 
superb animal than to advise all amateurs to 
call at Mr. Thorne’s farm, Washington, Duchess 
Co., N. Y., and examine her and the other choice 
stock Mr. Thorne has there, for themselves. 
Mr. TnoRNE also received by the Humboldt 
ten South-down ewes, from the flock of Mr. 
Jonas Webb. They are heavily wooled and 
uncommonly good animals, even for Mr. Webb’s 
breeding. 
In Short-horn cattle and South-down sheep 
Mr. Thorne has now what is very desirable 
among the best of breeders. 
Mr. Francis Rotch, of Morris, Otsego Co., 
N. Y., received a beautiful Short-horn bull calf 
by the above steamer, and a choice lot of Mad¬ 
agascar rabbits and Dorking fowls. 
-• - 
Stinson’s Knife-Sharpener.— This is a very 
convenient article for kitchen use. It consists 
of two square plates, made so hard that they 
remove a portion from both sides of the edge of 
a knife when drawn between them. For sharp¬ 
ening meat and bread knives, this little article 
is quite serviceable if skillfully used. We pre¬ 
fer the square plates to any other form we have 
seen. 
SALE OF IMPORTED SHORT-HORNED CATTLE, &c. 
Belonging to tlic Northern Kentucky Cattle 
Association , Avgust 18th, 1853. 
Mu. James G. Kinniard, of Lexington, Ky., 
obligingly forwarded us an official account of the 
above sale, soon after it was made. This was 
mislaid or carried off from our office. Upon 
learning this, Mr. K. sent us another; but owing 
to the numerous Cattle Shows, &c., to report in 
our columns since its reception, we have delayed 
its publication till the present number. This 
finishes up all the great cattle sales which have 
taken place in Great Britain and this country 
the past year; and for this alone, the present 
volume of the Agriculturist will be a valuable 
work of reference to stock breeders. 
BULLS. 
Lot 1, Diamond, (11357) Roan, bred by Lord 
Feversliam, 3 years old, Brutus J. 
Clay ifc Co., of Bourbon, - - - $6005 
“ 2, Young Chilton, (11278) White, bred 
by J. Emmerson, 3 years old, 'War- 
fields, Kinnaird & Co., of Fayette, -.’U3005 
“ 3, Challenge]-, Roan, bred by Earl Ducie, ~ 
1 year old, Vanmeter, Goff & Co., of 
Clarke,. 4850 
“ 4, Orontes, 2nd (11887) Red, bred by 
Earl of Burlington, 2 years, A. J. 
Alexander, of Woodford, - - 4525 
“ 5, The Count, (12191) Roan, bred by J. 
Beasley, 2 years, Strawre Goff, of 
Clarke,. 2575 
“ 6, Fusileer, (11499) Roan, bred by T. 
Bell, 2 years, R. W. Scott of Franklin, 1425 
“ 7, Senator 2nd, White, bred by H. 
Ambler, 1 year, Allen & Curd, of 
Fayette,. 2000 
“ 8, Belleville 3rd, Roan, bred by John M. 
Hopper, 1 year, G. W. Button, of 
Fayette, ..... 1600 
“ 9, Yorkshire Maynard, Roan, bred by A. 
T. Maynard, 1 year, R. S. Taylor, 
of Clarke,.1000 
“ 10, Fortunatus, 8 months, RoaD, bred by 
Mr. Fawkes, Isaac Vanmater of Clarke 1SOO 
COWS. 
11, Lady Stanhope, 6 years, Roan, bred 
by A. T. Maynard, B. J. Clay, of 
Bourbon,. 
12, Lady Fairy, 4 years, Red, bred by Mr. 
Fawkes, Wm. Warfield, of Fayette, 
13, Goodness, 0 years, Red, bred by Mr. 
Hall, D. S. Coleman, of Fayette, 
14, Roan Duchess, 3 years, Roan, bred by 
Mr. Wetherill, W. H. Brand, of 
Fayette,. 
15, Maid of Melrose, 2 years, Roan, bred 
by Mr. Fawkes, A. J. Alexander, of 
Woodford,. 
16, Lady Caroline, 2 years, Roan, bred by 
Mr. Sperman, B. J. Clay, Bourbon, . 
17, * Gem, 2 years, Roan, bred by Mi-. 
Ambler, S. Vanmeter, Clarke, 
18, Mazurka, 2 years, Roan, bred by Mr. 
W. Smith, A. J. Alexander, Woodford 
19, Duchess of Sutherland, 2 years, Red, 
bred by Mi-. Ambler, W, H. Brand, 
Fayette, - 
20, Necklace, ^ tw j ns 1 year, Roan, bred 
21, Bracelet 
bred 
by Mr. Towneley, LI. Clay, jun., 
Bourbon, . 
by Mr. Towneley, M. M. Clay, 
Bourbon,. 
“ 22, Orphan Nell, 1 year, Roan, bred by 
Mr. Tanqueray, Hill Gano, Bourbon 
“ 23, Equity, 1 year, Red, bred by Mr. 
Booth, J. Waller, Jefferson, 
“ 24, Flattery, 1 year, White, bred by Earl 
Ducie, W. R. Duncan, Clarke, - 
“ 25, Muffin, 1 year, Roan, bred by Earl 
Ducie, Smith & Coulter, Scott. - 
Cotswold Siieep, bred by Messrs. Game & 
BUCKS. 
1500 
1100 
2025 
900 
2200 
1825 
825 
3050 
900 
805 
75Q 
1000 
1000 
815 
535 
Lane. 
1 O. H. Bin-bridge, of Bourbon, 
- $ 710 
2, J. S. Matson, “ 
EWES. 
- 1010 
1, J. S. Matson, of Bourbon, 
- 210 
2, H. Hedges, “ 
- 270 
3, J. S. Matson, “ 
- 105 
4, H. Varnon, “ 
- 221 
* Doubts were entertained as to her breeding. 
