244 
Journal of Mycology 
[Vol. 9 
INDEX TO UREDINEOUS CULTURE EXPERIMENTS 
WITH LIST OF SPECIES AND HOSTS FOR 
NORTH AMERICA. I. 
W. A. KELLERMAN. 
Careful culture work to determine life histories of fungi or 
cycles of development was initiated by De Bary in 1865. It was 
continued by him in 1866 and in the same year also taken up by 
Oersted and Woronin. A few years later other foreign botanists 
engaged in similar work, and the list continued to the present, 
contains such additional names as Schroeter, Rostrup, Winter, 
Schenk, Cornu, Plowright, Klehban, Hartig, Dietel, Barclay, 
Fischer, Tubeuf, Soppit, Transchal Eriksson Pazschke, Juel, 
Wagner, Bubak, Jacky, Shirai, Muller, and Ward. 
In America Dr. Farlow was the pioneer worker, publishing 
his first experiments on the “Gymnosporangia or Cedar Apples of 
the United States” in 1880. He continued work on the same 
group in 1885, and it was supplemented (independently) by Hal- 
sted in 1886-7, published in the Bulletin of the Iowa Agricultural 
College. More fruitful results were obtained by Thaxter in 
1887 and again in 1889—the connection between the several 
species of Gymnosporangium and associated Roestelia occurring 
in this country being satisfactorily established, which may be 
found in print in the Proceedings of the American Academy of 
Arts and Sciences, Boston; and Bulletin 134, Conn. Agr. Exp. 
Sta. Pammel repeated the experiment verifying connection in 
case of one of the species (la. Hort. Soc. Rep. 1893), the same 
also by Stewart and Carver (Proc. Ia. Acad. Sci. for 1895, vol. 31 
same in N. Y. Exp. Sta. for 1895.) 
No connections between Uredineous forms were then ex¬ 
perimentally determined—except that Howell (in 1890) showed 
the three stages of the Clover Rust to be genetically related, and 
Clinton (in 1894) the two stages of the Bramble Rust—until 1899 
when extended and important work was reported by Arthur and 
by Carleton. The latter dealt with the Cereal Rusts only, mak¬ 
ing sowings almost exclusively of Uredospores mainly from 
Wheat, Oats, Barley, Rye, and Maize, on the same and on differ¬ 
ent host species. The interesting results were published as Bul¬ 
letin No. 16, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Veg. Physiology & Pathology, 
April 23, 1899. 
Arthur communicated his first results to the public in a paper 
read before the A. A. A. S., Botanical Section, Columbus, Ohio, 
Ag 1899, and the same was published in the Botanical Gazette, 
29:268-276, April 1900. Of eleven species of Uredinese, the 
