26 
if farmers and fruit-growers will club together in making their pur¬ 
chases. Such au arrangement will also save considerable in the way 
of transportation expenses. 
Per 
pound. 
Copper carbon at,o. 
$0. 60 
Copper sulphate..... 
. 08 
Potassium sulphide. 
. 25 
Aqua ammonia (22 Beaume).. 
. 08 
Sodium hyposulphite...... 
. 03 
Copper acetate. 
.30 
Per 
pound. 
Tron siilr»ha.fco .. 
$0. 02 
Flowers ot sulphur. 
Alum. 
.04 
• 03^ 
. 06 
Calcium chloride. 
Aluminium sulphate... 
. 05 
Lime per barrel. 
2. 00 
NEW SPRAYING PUMP. 
Ever since the work of the Section was inaugurated there has been 
felt the need of a cheap, serviceable, and effective apparatus for spray¬ 
ing grapes and all the low-growing crops. Heretofore we have had to 
rely mainly upon machines imported from France; in fact, with but one 
exception, the only pumps that have given satisfaction in our vineyard 
work have beeu purchased abroad. The average fruit-grower can not 
afford to send to France for a machine that will cost him, laid down in 
this country, all the way from $18 to $25, nor can he pay $21 for a pump 
made here, notwithstanding the fact that it is a most excellent machine 
and costs almost the selling price to manufacture it. In short, a knap¬ 
sack pump, be it ever so serviceable, at $21 or even $18, is entirely be¬ 
yond the reach of the average farmer, gardener, and fruit-grower. Con¬ 
sequently he has to rely upon inferior machines, and, as a result, his 
treatments are frequently unsuccessful for the simple reason that the 
remedies are not properly applied. 
We have had the matter of providing a cheap and serviceable knap¬ 
sack pump under consideration for some time, and can now positively 
announce that the machine will be on the market in a few weeks. The 
pumps will be made in two or three styles, and as there will be no pat¬ 
ent on them we hope manufacturers throughout the country will be able 
to offer them at about $12, thus placing them within the reach of all. 
PREVENTION OF SMUT IN OATS AND OTHER CEREALS. 
By W. A. Kellerman and W. T. Swingle. 
The smuts of oats and other plants are minute vegetable parasites. 
They appropriate for their use the nourishment which the infected 
plant prepared for its own development, and in this way reduce its 
vitality or completely destroy the part attacked. The dark-colored 
powdery mass popularly called the smut is merely the mature fruit of 
the parasite, and consists of exceedingly minute reproductive bodies 
