55 
soldered to the bottom of the tank, the solder being placed at the sev¬ 
eral points shown at a in Fig. VI. 
It is fastened at the top, Fig. VI b, by means of solder also; for some 
reasons this is objectionable, but as it will not be necessary to remove 
the tube it is not a serious inconvenience after all. To obviate the diffi¬ 
culty, however, a nipple might be soldered in the tank at b , into which 
the tube could be screwed. The plunger is made in two styles, but for 
various reasons we have abandoned that shown in Fig. Y, and now use 
only the form illustrated at VII. This is screwed to the end of the tube, 
the end being left open to do away with the necessity of side port-holes 
as shown at c. Fig. Y. As seen in the cut, the plunger is not packed, 
the space bb being left for this purpose; ordinary wicking is used for 
packing. 
In using the pump the hollow piston is drawn up creating a vacuum 
into which the liquid rushes through the opening d, Fig. Y. The piston 
is then forced down and this closes the valve d, Fig. Y, and opens the one 
at a , Fig. YII. This operation being repeated the liquid is forced out 
of the opening in a continuous stream, the latter being effected by 
means of the air-chamber in the piston. The figures, show plainly the 
various parts necessary for working the pump, attaching the reservoir 
to the back, etc. We use as a rule about 4 feet of J-clotli insertion hose, 
and this is fastened to the pump and lance by means of copper wire. 
Lance and Nozzle .—These are practically the same as described by us 
in a previous number of the Journal,* the only difference being a 
change in the location of the spring which operates the degorger. 
Summing up briefly the cost of such a machine as here described, we 
have the following: 
10 pounds 16-ounce sheet-copper, at 23 cents per pound. .. $2. 30 
2i pounds castings, at 25 eents per pound.62 
Castings and labor on lance. 2. 00 
Straps and hose. 75 
13 hours’ labor, at 40 cents an hour. 5.20 
— 
Total.. 10.87 
* Vol. 5, No. II, p. 96. 
