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rapidly with it as with the Little Giant, experience has shown that in 
the end it is more expensive on account of the extra labor involved in 
working it. A machine to be drawn by hand can readily be made, the 
materials required being a two-wheeled truck, a barrel, a force pump, 
hose, and Yermorel spraying nozzle. Such an apparatus can be con¬ 
structed for $14 or $15. The nozzle is provided with a three-fourth 
inch screw attachment, and instead of the old style degorger we now 
lit them with the same kind in use on our lance.* 
Returning again to a discussion of the experiments: 
II. Bordeaux mixture. — Three early treatments to five trees of Bart¬ 
lett dwarfs .—The sprayings were made on May 5,16, and 28, sixteen gal¬ 
lons of the mixture being used. It required 35 minutes to do the spray¬ 
ing, and, estimating the labor at $1.50 per day, the cost of it is 17 cents, 
or 3.4 cents per tree. The cost of the material was 34.7 cents, or 6.93 
cents per tree, making the total expense of treating each tree three 
times, 10.33 cents. 
Results .—On October 6 the treated trees were in nearly perfect foliage 
while the untreated in adjacent rows had dropped most of their leaves. 
III. Bordeaux mixture. — Three late treatments to five Duchess 
dwarfs. —The dates of treatment in this case were May 28, June 23, 
and July 8. Sixteen and eight-tenths gallons of the mixture, costing 
35 cents, were used. The expense for labor was 24 ceuts, making the 
total cost of the sprayings 11.8 cents per tree. 
Results. —On October 6 the trees still retained a large part of their 
foliage while the untreated had lost every leaf. 
IV. Bordeaux mixture. — Six treatments to five Bartlett divarfs. — 
The treatments were made on May 5,16, and 28, June 10, 23, and July 8. 
Thirty-six gallons of the mixture were used and 87 minutes were required 
to do the work, making the cost for the mixture 15.1 cents per tree and 
the labor 8.7 cents, a total of 23.8 cents per tree. 
Results. —The foliage was completely preserved up to the time the 
frost removed it. It was, however, in no better condition than that in 
experiments II and III. 
V. Ammoniacal solution. — One treatment to two rows of Bartlett 
standards containing 54 trees. —The treatments in this and the follow¬ 
ing experiments were made on the same dates as I, II, III, and IV; 
moreover, all the other conditions were practically the same. Forty- 
four gallons of the solution, costing 33 cents, were used. The cost of 
labor in preparing and applying was 45 cents, making the total cost 78 
cents, or 1.44 cent per tree. 
Results. —The foliage on September 24 was not as well preserved as 
that of I, but it w T as much more perfect than that on the untreated 
trees. On October 8 the leaves had nearly all fallen. 
VI. Ammoniacal solution. — Three early treatments to five Bartlett 
dwarfs .—Treatments made on the same day as II, 22 gallons of the so- 
* Illustrated iu Vol. VI, No. 2, 1890. 
