Ohclitolsci — Fnii.r Neiv from NmrjonlulUiixh 
10 
Perisoreus canadensis sanfordi siihsp. nov. 
Chars, subsp. —Similar to Perisoreus cauadeusis 'uigricajri.llusy but c‘V(‘ii 
smaller; and the lower surface much paler, tlu' crissum whitish. 
Descriptiou. —Type, adult male, collectiou of Dr. L. (1. Saidord ; I"ox 
Island River, Newfoundland, June 2<S, 1!)12; Dr. L. C. Santord. Imre- 
head, sinciput, lores, and a nearly com|)lete cc'i'vical collar, brownish 
white; occiput, hinder part of crown, postocnlar re<iion, and orl)ital 
rin^, blackish brown; remainder of upper Hurfac(‘, including winj^s and 
tail, dark neutral ^ray, tlu' win^-coverts i-ather darker and more brown¬ 
ish, and the rectricc's ])roadly, the win^-ipiills more narrowly, tii)])cd with 
[)ale brownish or l,)rownish white; sides of head and neck, with chin ami 
throat, brownish or grayish white ; rest of lower parts rather light mouse 
gray, paling to pallid mouse gray on jugnlmn and crissum ; lining of 
wing mouse gray. 
Measurements. —Male:* Wing, b‘)8-lo8.5 (average, 188.8) mm.; tail, 
142; exposed culmen, 20.5; tarsus, 85-35.5 (85.8); middle toe, 10.5- 
10.8 (10.7). 
Female:t Wing, 185-185.5 (185.8); tail, 185; exposed culmen, 20; 
tarsus, 85.5-85.8 (35.7); middle toe, 17-17.8 (17.2). 
Geographical distribution. —Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. 
Remarks. —This subspecies presents, in a way, a combination ol the 
characters (R' Perisoreus canadensis nigricapillus and Perisoreus canaden¬ 
sis canadensis, ])nt is noticeably different from either, though nearer to 
the former, ('ompared with the latter, it is much smaller; darker on 
the upper surface; and has the dusky hood more ))lackish, reaching far¬ 
ther forward, thus covering more of the crown, and more broadly sur¬ 
rounding the eyes. There is some variation in the color of the breast 
and upper alxlomen, one specimen being very light gray, much ])aler 
than the others, which are fairly uniform in this resi>ect; though the type 
is somewhat the darkest. A single specimen in the United States National 
Museum from Nova Scotia is much like these Newtonndland birds. 
This new rac(' is named for Dr. L. ('. Sanford, through whose kindness 
it is h(M’(‘ described. 
in view of the successive division (jf Perisoreus canadoisis into sub¬ 
species, it Ix'conies advisable to r(*strict the typical foim to a definite 
area, 'fhe original description of the speciest was based entirely on 
Rrisson’s “ (ieay brun de (Janada—Garrulns canadensis fnscus,”§ which 
was doubtless obtained in what was formerly the French portion of 
Canada; and we therefore designate the city of (iuebec as the type 
locality. 
* Two specimens, from Newloiaxllaml. 
t Two specimens, from Newfomidland. 
J [C’ort'ws] canadensis Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 17(i(), I, p. l.)>s (( anada). 
§Ornitli., II, 17(j0, p. 54 (Canada). 
