Sept. 1905] 
The Ama?iitas of Sweden 
215 
red stains of A. rubescens which at once distinguishes it from 
that species. The spores were found to be 10-12 by 7-8 mic. 
AMANITA PORPHYRIA. 
A. porphyria Fr. is close in appearance to forms of A. phal- 
loides, and would be referred to that species unless closely exam¬ 
ined. The annulus is however a peculiar sooty gray externally 
and in collapsing forms a fuliginous ring on the stipe which is 
the most characteristic mark of the species. It was found in dense 
pine woods, and was rather common. 
AMANITA MAPPA. 
A. mappa Fr. is a late species and was found but once, the last 
week in August. It is said to be more common late in the fall. 
It is identical with the American plant as it occurs at Asheville, 
so that no doubt need be entertained as to its occurrence with us. 
The stipe is strongly bulbous and the thick volva breaks in a regu¬ 
lar circumscissile manner, leaving a thick sheath on the base of 
the bulb with a strongly marked margin much as in A. pantherina, 
and forming thick felty warts on the pileus. The plants observed 
were all pale lemon yellow. The spores were 9-11 mic. and glo¬ 
bose in form. Karsten speaks of them as rough, and the roughness 
may easily be demonstrated with a good one-fifth inch objective. 
It is worth noting, however, that this feature is not confined to this 
one species, for although it does not seem to have been commonly 
noticed, several species of the Amanita have spores which are dis¬ 
tinctly spinulose. 
AMANITA PANTHERINA. 
A. pantherina DC. was watched with a great deal of interest. 
It is very common at Drottningholm and, I am told, in Sweden 
generally. Its closest American relative is A. cothurnata, so well 
figured and described by Atkinson and so abundant in the South¬ 
ern Appalachians. The typical Swedish plant is very distinct and 
is recognized at sight. The pileus is brown or gray and its surface 
contrasts finely with the white warts with which it is covered. 
The thick persistent sheath formed upon the base of the stipe by 
the basal portion of the volva makes it easy to recognize. 
At first sight Amanita pantherina and A. cothurnata seem to 
be certainly distinct, but it must be confessed that with continued 
observation the validity of our American species seemed very 
doubtful. The points of difference as they are understood by 
Bresadola are the smaller size, white color and especially the dif¬ 
ferent spores of A. cothurnata. The size of the two species does 
not impress one who has seen both species growing as being par¬ 
ticularly different. The color is different, as our plant is pure 
white or nearly so in its typical form, which is not true of A. pan¬ 
therina. It may be said, however, that pure white forms of A. 
pantherina were found at Drottningholm several times during the 
