106 
Pkillieux, M. Maladie des FeuiUes des Pommiers ct Chdtaignicrs en 
1888. Society Mycologique de France, Tome IV, p. 143. 
In this paper the author gives an account of two very destructive 
diseases which prevailed among apple and chestnut trees in several 
parts of France in 1888. The diseases are caused by parasitic fungi, 
and in case of the apple the fungus makes its appearance about the last 
of August and develops rapidly during the month of September. The 
disease is first manifested by a shriveling of the leaves, which quickly 
turn brown and fall, leaving the limbs entirely bare long before the 
proper time. Careful examination of the affected parts reveals the 
presence of the body or mycelium of the fungus growing in the tissue, 
and further manipulations show that at certain points just beneath the 
epidermis it is massed together, forming dark-colored sclerotia-like bodies. 
From these arise the conidiophores, which bear upon their tips the spores 
or reproductive bodies; these are usually oblong, occasionally one* 
celled, but more often divided by one or more transverse partitions. 
The mycelial filiaments also occur abundantly on the surface, forming 
numerous little dark-colored bodies similar to those produced beneath 
the epidermis. M. Prillieux places the fungus in the genus Cladospo- 
rium and states that it is closely related to Cladosporium herbarum var. 
fasiculare. 
Besides the Cladosporium there is also produced on the same spots 
conceptacles of two sizes and kinds, the smaller ones being a Phoma, the 
larger certainly the perithecia of a sphmriaceous fungus having the 
asci only partially developed. Nothing is said in regard to the prob¬ 
able connection of the foregoing forms, but in concluding his paper 
the author remarks that leaves containing the perithecia have been 
placed where the future development of the fungus can be studied. 
In speaking of the chestnut disease the author says that the fungus 
attacks the leaves, frequently injuring them to such an extent that 
none of the fruit matures. The leaves, when first attacked, show here 
and there on the surface little brown dots, which soon run together, 
forming larger blotches. Ultimately the leaves fall to the ground and 
perish. The withered spots are covered on the under side with the 
black conceptacles of the fungus, and in these the reproductive bodies 
are formed. The fungus appears to be the same as that described in 
Saccardo's Sylloge, Vol. Ill, p. 35, under the name Phyllosticta maculi- 
formis , Sacc. This fungus is believed to be a form of Spliccrella maculi- 
formis , but so far as known their relationship has not been proved. The 
author closes his remarks by saying that the great damage to the chest¬ 
nuts by the parasite the past season is probably owing to the excep¬ 
tional humidity of the atmosphere throughout the entire summer. lie 
further states that the only means of controlling the disease which a 
knowledge of the facts in the case suggests is to gather the leaves in 
the fall and burn them.—B. T. Galloway. 
