171 
as the parthenogenetic generations of aphides can be indefinitely multi¬ 
plied by keeping them in a continual summer environment. These sug¬ 
gestions are given to indicate the proper line of experiments to be fol¬ 
lowed out in fixing upon some plan for exterminating the u gray worm” 
in countries where it is injurious ; and the paper closes with the remark 
that it is time to start in France an entomological department like the 
one now in operation in the United States. 
The third article is another review by A. Girard, this time of a Russian 
paper, by Krassilstschik, bearing the Latin title : “ De insectorum morbis 
qui fun (jin parasitis efficiuntur .” Much of the article consists of a critical 
analysis of Krassilstschik’s work, and those parts will be omitted. In 
this review I shall only touch upon the points which have a bearing 
on the subject in question, and what follows will mainly consist of very 
free translations of portions of Girard’s paper. 
On the practical side of the question Krassilstschik seems to have 
obtained very remarkable results. Artificial cultures of thecouidial 
form ( Isaria) of certain Pyrenomycetes appear to have been made as 
easily as those of yeast or Schizomycetes. This success is very encour¬ 
aging, and should impel us to take up new experiments on the Ento¬ 
mophthorece , which, up to the present, have resisted every attempt to 
cultivate them in lifeless media. Thaxter’s researches have shown that 
some Entomophthorece are less exclusive in their choice of a host than 
was formerly supposed. 
If Tliaxter’s experiments are verified, can not we cultivate E. grylli 
on the caterpillars of Arctia , which are so common and easy to raise, 
and use the spores so produced to infect the Acrideie and arrest their 
ravages ? 
The observation of an Entomophthorece parasite on Gecidomya destructor 
Say, is of very great interest. Gecidomya destructor is one of the most in¬ 
jurious insects, and it would be very important to be able to effectually 
combat it Krassilstschik has met this fungus both in the Tarichium 
and eonidial state. He has also discovered an Entomophthora on the 
caterpillar of the nocturnal Agrotis segetum , which, in the vicinity of 
Odessa, especially attacks the rye. This is a very interesting fact, he 
observes, for Oohn has found a Tarichium on the same caterpillar with¬ 
out ever having met any conidia. In northern France I have met only 
the Tarichium form of the Eutomophthora of the Agrotis , but a few 
mummified caterpillars which I placed in a moist chamber at a somewhat 
elevated temperature became covered with a whitish down analogous 
to the eonidial stage of the Entomophthorece; unfortunately the obser¬ 
vation was interrupted and I was unable to demonstrate the presence 
of conidia. 
The discovery of Botrytis Bassiana , Bals. on two new hosts (Musca do- 
mestica and Athalia berberidis ?) made by Kowalevsky in the neighbor¬ 
hood of Odessa deserves special note. We know thatMetselmikoff has 
already observed the white muscardine on Anisoplia. Krassilstschik 
