219 
vent smut, while a 10 per cent, solution prevented smut and greatly in¬ 
jured the seed. 
Natural enemies of smut.— Five different natural enemies of smut are 
described. A white mold, probably some species of Fusarium ; a black 
mold, a new species of Macrosporium ; a bacterial disease; and two 
smut-eating beetles. 
The bulletin also contains a few preliminary notes on stinking smut, 
announcing that experiments are already under way to determine the 
comparative value of different fungicides in this case also. —Effie A. 
SOUTHWORTH. 
Kelsey, F. D. Study of Montana Frysiphece. Botanical Gazette, 
Vol. XIV. No. 11, p. 285. 
This paper, prepared by Mr. Kelsey, contains a number of interesting 
notes upon nine species of Frysiphece of Montana, a number of rare 
hosts being cited, and one provisional new species, Frysiphe sepulta , E. 
& E. on Bigelovia graveolens. This species is, however, acknowledged 
to resemble E. chicoracearum , DO. quite closely, a species widely vari¬ 
able upon the many hosts which it inhabits.— David G. Fairchild. 
L’Ecluse, A. de. Traitement du Blaclc Rot. Rapport a M. le Minis- 
tre de 1’Agriculture. Le Progres Agricole, October 13, 1889. 
The results contained in this short report to the French minister of 
agriculture, while they present nothing strikingly new in the matter of 
treatment of black-rot, may be of interest to vine-growers and others 
as coming from a foreign experimenter. The author theorizes in the 
first part of the report among other things upon the ability of the fun¬ 
gicidal solutions to penetrate the conceptacles of the black-rot upon 
the leaves, taking it for granted that the leaf-spot and black-rot of the 
berries are identical. He believes it consequently almost useless to 
spray the berries simply without destroying the sources of infection 
found in the fungus of the leaves, and counsels spraying all the green 
surfaces of the vine as well as the grape clusters themselves. This to 
be done at least before the middle of May. 
The report of the author’s field experiments, in which the common 
fungicides seem to have been largely used, contains no new points either 
in matter of apparatus or mixtures, and is somewhat complicated, cer¬ 
tain unexpected variations being explained by the ungovernable con¬ 
ditions so abundant in such work. Without discussing the details of 
the investigations or questioning particularly whether he is authorized 
in drawing such broad conclusions from only one year’s experiments, it 
may be well to state briefly the author’s opinions: That the efficacy of 
the copper compounds against black-rot is indisputable; that the dis¬ 
repute into which they have fallen is due solely to misdirected use of 
them; that their action is at the same time preventive and curative if 
spread uniformly upon all green parts of the vine; and that the crop 
