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SILURIAN OUTLIER WEST OF CAER CARADOC. OCT., 1892. 
Inferences. —Such are the observed facts ; the direct 
inferences to be drawn are:—1st. That the upper limestone 
at B and that in the quarry at E are portions of the same 
bed. 2nd. That the blue, clayey rock at L is a portion of the 
lower Ludlow shales. The fossils found here render this 
practically certain, and its intermediate position between two 
limestones is confirmatory evidence. 3rd. That the upper 
limestone at B and E is the representative of the Aymestry 
limestone, while the lower limestone in Hough’s Coppice 
is a portion of the Wenlock. 4th. That the sandy beds 
overlying the Aymestry horizon at D and C are of Upper 
Ludlow age. 5th. That the Great Fault of the survey map 
forms the eastern boundary of the area. 
Summary of Observations and Deductions.— We have, 
therefore, in this small space, representatives of all the mam 
groups of Silurian strata down to the Wenlock limestone ; 
and from surface indications (change of slope, nature of soil, 
&c.),we may infer the existence of the Wenlock shales below, 
and on the west of, Hough’s Coppice. At Botvyle Quarry we 
have Aymestry limestone, tilted at a very high angle so as 
to be almost at right angles to the other portion at B ; and 
near the farms we have probably Wenlock shale, and possibly 
Tarrannon shale, but the Wenlock limestone does not at 
this point appear at the surface. It would be exceedingly inter¬ 
esting to make out whether the basement beds of the Silurian 
(the Pentamerus limestone and Llandovery conglomerate) 
are present in this limited area. They are to be seen clinging 
to the sides of the Longmynd at Plowden and Horderly, and 
advance up the Church Stretton Valley as far as Little 
Stretton. They lap all round the south and west side of the 
Shelve area, and are seen in outlying patches upon those 
hills; but a most careful search in the fields and streams about 
All Stretton has failed to bring them to light, and if they are 
present they are covered up by the drift deposits of clay and 
gravel, which are to be seen all along the bottom of the 
valley. 
In the map (Plate V.) and section (Plate VI.) I have shown 
what should be the approximate position of these beds 
if present at the surface. 
The survey map shows the Silurian outlier to be bounded 
on the west by a second or loop fault along the line of Watling 
Street, but I have seen no evidence of its existence. 
Turning now to the larger question of the piecing 
together of the rocks, I would call attention to the long white 
line upon the survey map, which marks the main fault of the 
valley. The amount of movement that has occurred along 
this line is stupendous, for the Silurian rocks are brought 
